1、Unit 5 Traveling abroad,Language points for Reading I Language points for Reading II,Language Data Bank,1. How difficult do you think it is to adjust to the customs of another country? adjust to sth/ adjust oneself to sth 適應,調(diào)整: make oneself suitable for; get used to sth, especially by changing your

2、 behaviur or your ideas 適應。例如: adjust vi. 適應 He adjusted quickly to the heat of India. adjust vt. 調(diào)整 He adjusted his tie before entering the hall. adjustable adj.可調(diào)整的 adjustment n.調(diào)整,Language points for Reading I,adapt adjust adapt (oneself) to “適應，適合” You should adapt yourself to the new environmen

3、t. 你應該適應新環(huán)境。 adjust “適應” “調(diào)整”、“調(diào)節(jié)”使之適應 adjust (oneself) to =adapt (oneself) to “適應” He adjusted his tie before entering the hall.,adapt(oneself) to 的to是介詞，后跟名詞或動詞-ing形式。類似的詞組有：,be (get) used to 習慣于 be related to 與相關 lead to 帶領,導致,通向 devote oneself to 獻身于 contribute to 為作貢獻 access to 接近/進入(某地的)方法,注意,

4、look forward to 盼望 pay attention to 注意 give rise to 引起 be accustomed to 習慣于 be addicted to 沉溺于 stick to 堅持 belong to 屬于 refer to 提到,涉及到,查閱,2. Keep it up, Xie Lei. 謝蕾，再接再厲。,keep it up: continue doing or trying 不松勁，堅持下去。在這個短語中，it 本身詞義模糊，只是幫助構(gòu)成習語。例如：,又如，在take it easy (別著急)，so it seems. (好像如此。)等習語中，it 也

5、沒有實際意義。,If only he could keep it up, he would break the world record.,3. Chinese student fitting in well. 中國學生適應能力強,這是 A Chinese student is fitting in well 的省略形式。在英語標題中，為了簡介需要，通常只出現(xiàn)詩詞，而把虛詞，冠詞，介詞，助動詞，連詞等略去，省略是英語新聞標題的一大特點。,fit in (with ): get alone (with); be in a suitable relation (with) 相處融洽；適應。例如:

6、It is necessary for us to fit in with the times. 我們必須與時俱進。,4. Six months ago, Xie Lei said goodbye to her family and friends in China and boarded a plane for London. 六個月以前，謝蕾告別中國的家人和朋友，登上了飛往倫敦的飛機。,board n. 資格證明 admission qualification 入學資格 physical qualifications 身體條件 And your highest education qual

7、ification?你的最高學歷是什么？ Even after qualification job is hard to find. 即使取得了資格，工作還是很難找到的。,7. She is halfway through the preparation year, which most foreign students complete before entering a degree course. preparation n. 準備 The boy was very lazy. He did little preparation for the exam. 這男孩很懶，他對考試幾乎沒有事

8、先準備。,與prepare相關的短語: be prepared for sth. / to do sth. 對某事做好準備 prepare for sth. / to do sth. 為某事做準備 make preparations for sth. / to do sth. 為某事做準備,prepare sb.（sth.）for sth. / to do sth. 使某人對某事做準備 in preparation 在準備中 make preparation 做準備,8. Xie Lei highly recommends the course. highly adv. 1) 高度的 a hi

9、ghly developed economy /高度發(fā)達的經(jīng)濟 2) very 很，非常 highly skilled/intelligent /十分熟練/聰明,辨析: highly和high high表示空間高度, 通常指物；highly表示程度，相當于much。 The plane was flying high. I think highly of your opinion.,Although he was disabled when he was only ten years of age, yet he aimed _, for which his classmates spoke

10、_ of him. A. high; high B. highly; highly C. highly; high D. high; highly,D,recommend vt. 1) 推薦，贊許 He recommended a book to his students. 2) 勸告，建議 后接doing 不接to do不定式作賓語。 I recommend buying that pen.,The doctor recommend his patient to go out for a walk. 類似用法的單詞還有: allow/advise/forbid/permit等. 3) rec

11、ommend 表示主觀判斷，推測，建議，命令，要求的動詞，通常引起虛擬語氣的賓語從句，從句謂語動詞常用should+ v.原形，且should可以省略,省略，類似的單詞有: suggest/ insist /recommend/propose/ require/request/demand They demanded that the right to vote be given to every adult. We insisted that Mr. Brown chair the meeting.,It is (was) 被強調(diào)部分+ that (who) +句子其他部分。 此結(jié)構(gòu)強調(diào)的成

12、分僅限于主語，賓語和狀語。 It is from the sun that we get light and heat.,9. Its not just study thats difficult. 困難不僅僅在學習方面。,It was not until I had read your letter that I understood the true state of affairs.,1) It was last night _ I see the comet. A. the time B. when C. that D. which,C,2) It is ten years _ Mis

13、s Green returned to Canada. A. that B. when C. since D. as,C,Cheer!,10.You have to get used to a whole new way of life, which can take up all your concentration in the beginning. get used to 習慣做某事。后接名詞或doing形式。 I have got used to the local custom.,辨析: be used to do, used to do與 be used to doing 1) b

14、e used to do 被用作 The table is used to put on things. 2) usedto+do：“過去常?！北硎具^ 去習慣性的動作或狀態(tài)，但如今已不存在。,Maryusedtotakeawalk. (過去常常散步) 3) beusedto+doing：對已感到習慣，或“習慣于”，to是介詞，后需加名詞或動名詞。 Maryisusedtotakingawalk. (現(xiàn)在習慣于散步),He used to get up late. But now he is used to getting up early. 他過去習慣晚起, 但現(xiàn)在他習慣早起床。,2) 占去空

15、間 The big bed takes up a lot of room. 3) 從事于，專注于 He took up maths while at school. 與take相關的短語: take away 拿走，離開 take in sth. 接受,take up 1) 占去時間 I wont take up much of your time. 我不會占用你太多時間。,take in sb. 欺騙 take off 起飛，取消 take on 呈現(xiàn)，承擔 take on sb. 雇用 take over 接管 take to 喜歡 take turn 輪流,in the beginnin

16、g: at first 起初。 例如： Everything is difficult in the beginning. 萬事開頭難。,11. When I got lost and had to ask a passer-by directions, I didnt always understand. 當我迷路，不得不向過路人問路時，我并不是總能明白.,got lost是由“get+過去分詞”構(gòu)成的短語，類似的還有: get excited, get married, get hurt, get paid, get dressed, get drunk.,host vt. 安慰 You

17、are a great comfort to your parents. 你是父母最大的安慰。 comfort 常用短語 be of good comfort 振作起來， 鼓起勇氣 give comfort to 安慰,comfort: vt. 安慰 She comforted the ill child. 她安慰這個生病的孩子。 I tried to comfort Jone after her mothers death. 瓊的母親去逝以后我盡力勸慰她。,substitute n.代替者；代用品 We can use plastics as a substitute for steel。

18、我們可以用塑料做鋼的代用品。 vt. 用替代 The coach substituted Smith for Jones. 教練讓史密斯上場，換下了瓊斯。,句中with用來表示原因，意為“因為，由于”. Her face was pale with cold.,15. I was numb with shock! 我驚得發(fā)呆！,16. Besides, as far as he was concerned, what other people thought was not the most important thing. 另外，他還說別人的想法不是最重要的事情。,1) besides be

19、sides 用作介詞，作“除之外，有”；,There are five other people besides both of us. 除了我們兩人之外，還有五個人。 它還可以用作副詞，作“還有，而且”解。含有肯定和附加的意思。 I dont want to go out for a walk. Besides, Im very hungry. 我不想出去散步，況且我很餓了。,注意： 1) beside是介詞，意為“在旁邊” （=next to）。 I often sit beside the driver. 我常常坐在司機旁邊。 2) except是“除之外(不包括本身在內(nèi))”的意思，含有

20、否定和排除的意思，表示除去一部分，著重在“不包括”(not including)的含義。,We invited every boy student except Bob. 除了鮑勃外，我們邀請了所有的男生。 (鮑勃不包括在內(nèi)),- They all agree _ George. Has the project been passed? - Who _ George can make the final decision? A. except; expect B. except; besides C. but; but D. besides; but,A,Does John know any

21、other foreign language _ French? A. except B. but C. besides D. beside,C,2) concern v. 涉及，關系到, 關心 n. (1) 關系或利害關系之事 (2) 關心,擔心 Dont interfere in what doesnt concern you. 別管與自己無關的事。,Our losses are beginning to concern me. 我們的損失使我擔心起來。 習慣用法：show concern for sb. 關心某人 She is indifferent to your love for s

22、he shows no concern for you. 她對你的愛情無動于衷，因為她對你毫不關心。,have no concern with sth. 同某事沒有關系 I have no concern with your family dispute. 你的家庭糾紛與我無關。 be concerned with 涉及，與有關,He was suspected to be concerned with the bribery case. 他被懷疑涉嫌這起受賄案。 be concerned about/for/with 關心 The mother was so concerned for he

23、r hospitalized son that she kept awake for several nights. 這位母親關心生病住院的兒子, 幾夜沒有合眼。,so/as far asis concerned. 就而言 As far as Im concerned, I should like to say I am not in favor of the plan. 就我而言，我想說我不贊成這計劃。,17. Xie Lei told me that she feels much more at home in England now feel at home: 感覺自在；無拘束 Ill

24、try my best to make you feel at home.我會盡力使您有賓至如歸的感受。 People from all over the world feel at home in Hong Kong. 來自世界不同角落的旅客，來到香港均有賓至如歸的感覺。,18. I have been so occupied with work that I havent had time for social activities. 我一直忙于學習，一直于沒有時間去參加社會活動。 occupy vt.占用;占領,;占據(jù) Many troubles occupy his mind. 許多煩

25、惱盤據(jù)在他的心頭。 Sports occupy his attention. 他專心于運動。,occupy的習慣用語 be occupied in 正在(做某事) occupy oneself with 從事于., 忙于., 專心于. occupy oneself in 從事于., 忙于., 專心于.,19. She deserves to succeed. deserve: be worth of; be fit for 值得；應受。例如： succeed vi. 成功 If you work hard you will succeed. 如果你努力工作，你就會成功。 vt. 接替；繼任 H

26、e had no son to succeed him. 他沒有兒子繼承他。,succeed的習慣用語 succeed in 在.獲得成功 succeed oneself 美再度當選, 連任, succeed sb. as 繼某人出任(某職) succeed sb. in 繼某人接掌(某職權(quán)); 襲某人爵位官銜 succeed to 繼承 succeed with 在.上獲得成功,Language points for Reading II,1. Why does the travel agent advise her not to travel alone?,advise sb. to do

27、 sth. 建議某人做某事，不定式作補語。 類似的動詞還有: advise, allow, believe, command, consider, declare, encourage, find, forbid, imagine, know, like, order, permit, persuade, remind, request, require, suppose.,advise與suggest兩者的區(qū)別是： advise后面加somebody (not) to do.,而suggest后面必須加somebody (或者somebodys) doing.，當然兩者都可以接賓語從句，注意

28、賓語從句的動詞形式必須是(should) (not) do,e.g. I advise my father to stop smoking. I suggest my father( fathers) stopping smoking. I advise/suggest (that) my father (should) stop smoking.,A. alone用作形容詞時，一般與be動詞連用，在句中作表語。 She is alone at home. （她獨自一人在家。） He is not alone in this idea. （有這種想法的不只是他一個人。）,2) alone,辨析

29、: alone和lonely alone既可用作形容詞，又可用作副詞，意為“獨自的（地）、單獨的（地）”，側(cè)重于說明獨自一人，沒有同伴或助手，指的是客觀情況。,B. alone用作副詞修飾動詞時，應該放在動詞后面作狀語。 I like to work alone. （我喜歡獨自一人工作。） Han Mei was reading alone when the teacher came into the classroom. （老師走進教室時，韓梅正獨自一人在看書。）,lonely只用作形容詞，它在句中既可作定語，也可作表語，表示“孤獨的，寂寞的”意思。該詞帶有濃厚的感情色彩，具有“渴望得到同伴

30、”的含義，其比較級形式為lonelier。,A. lonely用作定語時，意為“孤單的，無伴侶的，無人煙的，荒涼的，偏僻的” 等。 At heart, Im a lonely man. （內(nèi)心深處我很孤獨。） Thats a lonely island. （那是一個荒涼的島嶼。）,B. lonely 用作表語時，可以表示“孤寂的，寂寞的”意思。 We never feel lonely in Shanghai. （在上海我們從不感到孤獨。） I was alone but I didnt feel lonely. （我獨自一人，但我并不感到孤獨。）,2. the Andes Mountains

31、 running parallel to the coast. 安第斯山脈（與沿海地帶）平行一直到海岸。 run v. 伸展，延伸 與run相關的短語: run for it 逃跑 run across 偶然遇見,run after 追趕 run at 向某人沖去 run into sb. 撞著某人 run off 排出 run over 溢出 run away 逃走,3. Peru has abundant plants from desert grasses to vast areas of jungle. abundant adj. 豐富的；充裕的 be abundant in 富于.，

32、.很豐富 abundance n. 豐富 in abundance 大量，充裕 an abundance of 很多的.,was governed by ,govern v. 管理，統(tǒng)治= rule You must not be governed by the opinions of others. 你決不要受別人意見的支配。,4. It is a popular tourist destination as it is close to the destination: n. 目的地 We eventually arrived at our destination. 我們終于到達了目的地。

33、 Life can be likened to a journey with an unknown destination. 生命可以被比作一次不知目的地的旅行。,5. Cuzco is a lively city with many hotels and inns,1) lively: 活潑的，生動的，有生氣的 作定語和表語 a lively mind 頭腦靈活的 2) alive：活著的，活的 作定語放于名詞后，表語形容詞=living His dog is alive. the greatest man alive keep sth. alive,3) living活著的，逼真的+n.

34、the living writer the livings 4) live: 現(xiàn)場直播的, 活著的 a live whale. The football match will be broadcast live.,1.Pandas usually _ in the south and southeast of China. 2.There arent many pandas _ in the world today.,alive, living, live, life, lively,live,alive/living,Choose the correct words to fill on t

35、he blanks.,4. Are there any _ things on one of the stars? 5. He had a strange way of making his lessons _ and interesting. 6.The old couple _ a happy life.,live,lively,living,3. Nothing can _ without air or water.,live,8.Look! The fish is still _. Its a _ fish. Put it into water and keep it _.,alive

36、,living,alive,7.It was a _ TV broadcast, not a cassette recording.,live,Finish the following sentences. 1. He has two sons _ work in the same place. 2. He has two sons, _ work in the same place.,.Grammar,who,who,3. They gave up the plan _ they worked out yesterday. 4. They gave up the plan, _ was a

37、very good one.,that/which,which,定語從句 II,非限制性定語從句 1. 限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句: 限制性定語從句:所謂限制性定語從句就是先行詞在意義上不可缺少的定語,如果去掉, 主句就會失去意義或意義不完整。這種從句和先行詞的關系十分密切,寫時不用逗號和主句分開。,.Grammar points:,I was the only person in my office who was invited. 我是我們辦公室唯一被邀請的人。 (如果把從句部分去掉, 整個句子的含義就變了),非限制性定語從句:非限制性定語從句和主句的關系并不十分密切,只是對先行詞做

38、些附加說明,如果去掉,主句的意思仍然清楚。這種從句和主句之間往往用逗號隔開。在講話時語調(diào)上須停頓。一般不用that引導。,1) His dog, which was now very old, became ill and died. 他的狗當時很老了, 生病后就死了。(去掉從句, 主句的意義仍然完整:他的狗生病死了。),2) Yesterday I met Li Lei, who seemed to be very busy. 昨天我碰上李雷了,他好象很忙。 (去掉從句, 主句的意義仍然完整:昨天我碰上李雷了。),2. 非限制性定語從句中的一些問題： a. 非限制性定語從句中, 指物時, 用

39、which而不用that。 1) Football, which is a very interesting game, is played all over the world. 2) All the books there, which have beautiful pictures in them, were written by him.,Tips,b. 指人時主格用who,賓格用whom,物主格用whose(也可指物)。 1) Miss Howe, whom you met in the library, is our new teacher. 2) The Arabs, who a

40、re famous for their horses and camels, use these animals for work and in sports.,3) Li Ming, whose mother has been ill for two days, is absent from school today. c. 另外關系副詞when(指時間), where (指地點)也可以引導非限制性定語從句(注意關系副詞why不能引導非限制性定語從句);why不引導定語從句。,4) He lives in the city, where there is a high tower. 5) T

41、he Peoples Republic of China was founded in 1949, when he was born. d. 介詞加關系代詞也可以引導非限定性定語從句。,6) Wu Dong, with whom I went to see the film, enjoyed it very much. 7) Her bag, in which she put all her books, has not been found. 8) The story about the Long March, of which this is an example, are well wr

42、itten.,3. as, which 非限定性定語從句 由as, which 引導的非限定性定語從句,as和which可代整個主句，相當于and this或and that。As一般放在句首,which在句中。,As we know, smoking is harmful to ones health. The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.,Suggested answers to Ex3 on Page 41. 1. Peter danced and sang all evening. People used to

43、think Peter was quiet. Peter, whom people used to think was quiet, danced and sang all evening.,練一練！,2. Sharon gave me a picture for my birthday. She had painted it especially for me. Sharon gave me a picture for my birthday, which she had painted especially for me.,3. We picked all the apples and p

44、ut them in boxes. They will be transported abroad.,We picked all the apples, which will be transported abroad, and put them in boxes.,4. The book by Sam Waters was not available. She asked for it. The book which she asked for by Sam Waters was not available. 5. The visa(簽證) has not arrived yet. I ne

45、ed the visa to enter the US. The visa which I need to enter the US has not arrived yet.,6. The two traffic accidents happened on the same morning. Then there was a heavy fog. The two traffic accidents happened on the same morning, when there was a heavy fog.,7. Tang Ling volunteered to help the welf

46、are house. There she teaches the homeless children. Tang Ling volunteered to help the welfare house, where she teaches the homeless children.,8. Anne is going to America next year. Her daughter is in my class. Anne whose daughter is in my class is going to America next year.,9. He went on the bus tour with a gro