1、Toefl iBT Practice Test TPO 7 Reading Section 2No. of Questions: 27Time: 40 minutesBegin Test7If you cannot see the timer or if you cannot set the timer, youll need to install flash player. Click here to download and install adobe flash player.Set the timer to “40:00” before doing the test.7Question

2、 1 of 28Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the 【highlighted sentence】in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.The regularity and power of stone walls inspired Romans attempting to unify the parts o

3、f their realm.Although the Romans used different types of designs when building their walls, they used regular controls to maintain their realm.Several types of control united the Roman realm, just as design and cement held Roman walls together.Romans built walls to unite the various parts of their

4、realm into a single entity, which was controlled by powerful laws.7Question 2 of 28According to paragraph 1, all of the following are controls that held together the Roman world EXCEPTadministrative and legal systems the presence of the militarya common languagetransportation networksParagraph 1 is

5、marked with 7Question 3 of 28The phrase 【obsession with】 in the passage is closest in meaning tothinking about fixation on interest inattitude toward7Question 4 of 28According to paragraph 2, which of the following was NOT characteristic of Romes early development?Expansion by sea invasion Territori

6、al expansionExpansion from one original settlementExpansion through invading armiesParagraph 2 is marked with 7Question 5 of 28Why does the author mention 【Alexander the Great】 in the passage?To acknowledge that Greek civilization also expanded by land conquestTo compare Greek leaders to Roman leade

7、rsTo give an example of a Greek leader whom Romans studiedTo indicate the superior organization of the Greek military7Question 6 of 28The word 【fostered】 in the passage is closest in meaning toaccepted combined introducedencouraged7Question 7 of 28Paragraph 3 suggests which of the following about th

8、e people of Latium?Their economy was based on trade relations with other settlements.They held different values than the people of Rome.Agriculture played a significant role in their society.They possessed unusual knowledge of animal instincts.Paragraph 3 is marked with 7Question 8 of 28Paragraph 4

9、indicates that some historians admire Roman civilization because ofthe diversity of cultures within Roman society its strengthits innovative naturethe large body of literature that it developedParagraph 4 is marked with 7Question 9 of 28In paragraph 4, the author develops a description of Roman civi

10、lization bycomparing the opinions of Roman intellectuals to Greek intellectualsidentifying which characteristics of Roman civilization were copied from Greeceexplaining how the differences between Rome and Greece developed as time passedcontrasting characteristics of Roman civilization with characte

11、ristics of Greek civilizationParagraph 4 is marked with 7Question 10 of 28According to paragraph 4, intellectual Romans such as Horace held which of the following opinions about their civilization?Ancient works of Greece held little value in the Roman world.The Greek civilization had been surpassed

12、by the Romans.Roman civilization produced little that was original or memorableRomans valued certain types of innovations that had been ignored by ancient GreeksParagraph 4 is marked with 7Question 11 of 28The word 【spheres】 in the passage is closest in meaning toabilities areas combinationsmodels7Q

13、uestion 12 of 28Which of the following statements about leading Roman soldiers and statesmen is supported by paragraphs 5 and 6?They could read and write the Greek language.They frequently wrote poetry and plays.They focused their writing on military matters.They wrote according to the philosophical

14、 laws of the Greeks.Paragraph 5 and 6 are marked with 7Question 13 of 28Look at the four squares that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.They esteem symbols of Roman power, such as the massive Colosseum.Where would the sentence best fit? 1 2 3 47Question 14 of 28Dire

15、ctions: An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer choices that express the most important ideas in the passage. Some sentences do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that are not presented in the

16、 passage or are minor ideas in the passage. This question is worth 2 points. To review passage. Click View TextThe Roman world drew its strength from several important sources.Answer ChoicesThe Roman military was organized differently from older military organizations.Roman values were rooted in a s

17、trong attachment to the land and the stability of rural life.Educated Romans modeled their own literature and philosophy on the ancient Greeks.Numerous controls imposed by Roman rulers held its territory together.Romans valued sea power as did the Latins, the original inhabitants of Rome.Rome combin

18、ed aspects of ancient Greek civilization with its own contributions in new areas.VIEW TEXT7RETURN7715 of 28The word 【diffused】 in the passage is closest in meaning toemergedwas understood spread developed716 of 28According to paragraph 1, why do researchers doubt that agriculture developed independe

19、ntly in Africa?African lakes and rivers already provided enough food for people to survive without agriculture.The earliest examples of cultivated plants discovered in Africa are native to Asia.Africas native plants are very difficult to domesticate.African communities were not large enough to suppo

20、rt agriculture.Paragraph 1 is marked with 717 of 28In paragraph 1, what does the author imply about changes in the African environment during this time period?The climate was becoming milder allowing for a greater variety of crops to be grown.Although periods of drying forced people south, they retu

21、rned once their food supply was secure.Population growth along rivers and lakes was dramatically decreasing the availability offish.A region that had once supported many people was becoming a desert where few could survive.Paragraph 1 is marked with 718 of 28According to paragraph 2, camels were imp

22、ortant because theywere the first domesticated animal to be introduced to Africaallowed the people of the West African savannahs to carve out large empireshelped African peoples defend themselves against Egyptian invadersmade it cheaper and easier to cross the SaharaParagraph 2 is marked with 719 of

23、 28According to paragraph 2, which of the following were subjects of rock paintings in the Sahara?Horses and chariots Sheep and goatsHyksos invaders from EgyptCamels and cattleParagraph 2 is marked with 720 of 28What function does paragraph 3 serve in the organization of the passage as a whole?It co

24、ntrasts the development of iron technology in West Asia and West Africa.It discusses a non-agricultural contribution to Africa from Asia.It introduces evidence that a knowledge of copper working reached Africa and Europe at the same timeIt compares the rates at which iron technology developed in dif

25、ferent parts of Africa.Paragraph 3 is marked with 721 of 28The word 【profound】 in the passage is closest in meaning tofascinating far-reaching necessarytemporary722 of 28The word 【ritual】 in the passage is closest in meaning tomilitary physical ceremonialpermanent723 of 28According to paragraph 4, a

26、ll of the following were social effects of the new metal technology in Africa EXCEPT:Access to metal tools and weapons created greater social equality.Metal weapons increased the power of warriors. Iron tools helped increase the food supply.Technical knowledge gave religious power to itsholders.Para

27、graph 4 is marked with 724 of 28Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the 【highlighted sentence】in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.While American iron makers developed the latest furnaces. Afric

28、an iron makers continued using earlier techniques.Africans produced iron much earlier than Americans, inventing technologically sophisticated heating systems.Iron making developed earlier in Africa than in the Americas because of the ready availability of carbon and iron ore.Both Africa and the Amer

29、icas developed the capacity for making iron early, but African metallurgy developed at a slower rate.725 of 28The word 【fleeing】 in the passage is closest in meaning toafraid of displaced byrunning away fromresponding to726 of 28Paragraph 6 mentions all of the following as possible causes of the Ban

30、tu explosion EXCEPTsuperior weapons better hunting skills peaceful migrationincreased populationParagraph 6 is marked with 727 of 28Look at the four squares that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.These people had a significant linguistic impact on the continent as w

31、ell.Where would the sentence best fit? 1 2 3 47Question 28 of 28Directions: An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer choices that express the most important ideas in the passage. Some sentences do not belong in

32、the summary because they express ideas that are not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage. This question is worth 2 points. To review passage. Click View TextAgriculture and iron working probably spread to Africa from neighboring regions.Answer ChoicesThe harshness of the Africa

33、n climate meant that agriculture could not develop until after the introduction of iron tools.As the Sahara expanded, the camel gained in importance. eventually coming to have religious significance.Todays Bantu-speaking peoples are descended from a technologically advanced people who spread throughout Africa.Once Africans developed their own native crops, they no longer borrowed from other regions.The use of livestock improved transportation and trade and