1、直接引語和間接引語,我們先來看看什么是直接引語和間接引語？ 請看下面各人所說的話： 杰克：我想吃雪糕。 媽媽：瑪麗，你弟弟說什么？ 瑪麗：他說他想吃雪糕。 大家知道這三人所說的話涉及轉(zhuǎn)述的問題。那么哪一句是轉(zhuǎn)述的話呢？ 當(dāng)然是瑪麗說的話。英語中同樣也有轉(zhuǎn)述。轉(zhuǎn)述的話叫間接引語,“直接引語”與“引述動(dòng)詞”,He said,“Its time for lunch.” “ I like apples,”Tom said. Jack said,“Mike can swim.” 我們把引號(hào)中的句子叫做直接引語，引號(hào)外的動(dòng)詞叫引述動(dòng)詞,如何把直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語呢？如上面的句子可以變?yōu)椋?He said(

2、 that) it was time for lunch. Tom said he liked apples. Jack said Mike could swim. 直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語有下列一些注意事項(xiàng)：、時(shí)態(tài)的變化。2、人稱的變化。謂語動(dòng)詞的變化。引導(dǎo)詞的運(yùn)用。,直接引語是陳述句的變化, “I dont like action films,” Lingling said. Lingling said that she didnt like action films. He said “Im here.” He said that he was there. Jake said,“There

3、 is a good film on tonight.” Jake said that there was a good film on that night. 總結(jié)：當(dāng)直接引語是陳述句時(shí)，變?yōu)殚g 接引語時(shí)，用that引導(dǎo)，語序不變。但that 也 可以省略。,直接引語是祈使句的變化He said to the children,“Be quiet,”He told the children to be quiet.,He said to Betty“ Stop.” He asked Betty to stop. She said to Tony,“Dont go close to the b

4、ears.” She told Tony not to go close to the bears. We said to them,“Dont make any noise,please” We asked them not to make any noise. 總結(jié)：當(dāng)直接引語是祈使句時(shí)，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，一般轉(zhuǎn)換為 tell sb（not) to do sth或.ask sb (not)to do sth.,直接引語是一般疑問句的變化,She said, “Are you interested in English?” She asked if whether I was interest

5、ed in English. Jack said,“Do you know Mike?” Jack asked (me)if I knew Mike。 總結(jié)：當(dāng)直接引語是一般疑問句時(shí)，變?yōu)殚g接引語要用連詞if或whether來引導(dǎo)，從句用陳述句語序主句中的謂語動(dòng)詞是said時(shí)，要變?yōu)閍sked，沒有間接賓語時(shí)，可以加一個(gè)間接賓語如：me,him, us.,直接引語是特殊疑問句的變化 He asked me,“What are these?” He asked me what those were. Betty asked me “Where are you from?” Betty asked

6、 me where I was from. 總結(jié)：當(dāng)直接引語是特殊疑問句時(shí)，變?yōu)殚g接引語時(shí)，要用原來的疑問詞引導(dǎo)，從句用陳述句語序,2.時(shí)態(tài)不變的情況：,所轉(zhuǎn)述的是現(xiàn)在的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作、科學(xué)真理、格言等，時(shí)態(tài)不變。如：1. He said, “Practice makes perfect.” He said that practice makes perfect. 他說熟能生巧。 2.The teacher said , “Where there is a will, there is a way.” The teacher said that where there is a will ,ther

7、e is a way.,時(shí)態(tài)的變化 1.主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是一般過去時(shí)，直接引語變間接引語時(shí)，從句的謂語動(dòng) 詞在時(shí)態(tài)方面要作相應(yīng)的變化。如：,指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語及方向性動(dòng)詞的變化，如,1.He said, “please come here again tomorrow.” He asked me_ 2.He said,“Dont do that again.” He told me_ 3.He asked,“Where are you to get off,John?” He asked John_ 4.He asked,“How do you come to school.” He asked me_ 5.He asked, “Are you a teacher or a student?” He asked me_ 6.She asked, “Do you see a monkey?” She asked me_,練習(xí)題,to go there again the next day .,not to do th