1、2.1 不定冠詞的用法 冠詞是虛詞，本身不能單獨(dú)使用，也沒有詞義，它用在名詞的前面，幫助指明名詞的含義。英語(yǔ)中的冠詞有三種，一種是定冠詞（the Definite Article），另一種是不定冠詞（the Indefinite Article），還有一種是零冠詞（Zero Article）。不定冠詞a (an)與數(shù)詞one 同源，是一個(gè)的意思。a用于輔音音素前，一般讀作e，而an則用于元音音素前，一般讀做en。1) 表示一個(gè)，意為one；指某人或某物，意為a certain。 A Mr. Ling is waiting for you.2) 代表一類人或物。 A knife is a too

2、l for cutting with. Mr. Smith is an engineer.3) 詞組或成語(yǔ)。 a little / a few / a lot / a type of / a pile / a great many / many a / as a rule / in a hurry / in a minute / in a word / in a short while / after a while / have a cold / have a try / keep an eye on / all of a sudden2.2 定冠詞的用法 定冠詞the與指示代詞this，t

3、hat同源，有那（這）個(gè)的意思，但較弱，可以和一個(gè)名詞連用，來(lái)表示某個(gè)或某些特定的人或東西。1）特指雙方都明白的人或物： Take the medicine.把藥吃了。2）上文提到過(guò)的人或事： He bought a house.Ive been to the house. 他買了幢房子。我去過(guò)那幢房子。3）指世上獨(dú)一物二的事物： the sun， the sky， the moon， the earth 4）單數(shù)名詞連用表示一類事物，如：the dollar 美元;the fox 狐貍；或與形容詞或分詞連用，表示一類人：the rich 富人; the living 生者。5）用在序數(shù)詞和形

4、容詞最高級(jí)，及形容詞only， very， same等前面： Where do you live?I live on the second floor. 你住在哪？我住在二層。 Thats the very thing Ive been looking for. 那正是我要找的東西。6）與復(fù)數(shù)名詞連用，指整個(gè)群體： They are the teachers of this school.指全體教師) They are teachers of this school. (指部分教師)7）表示所有，相當(dāng)于物主代詞，用在表示身體部位的名詞前：She caught me by the arm.她抓住

5、了我的手臂。8）用在某些由普通名詞構(gòu)成的國(guó)家名稱、機(jī)關(guān)團(tuán)體、階級(jí)、等專有名詞前： the Peoples Republic of China 中華人民共和國(guó) the United States 美國(guó)9）用在表示樂器的名詞之前： She plays the piano.她會(huì)彈鋼琴。10) 用在姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)名詞之前，表示一家人： the Greens 格林一家人 (或格林夫婦)11) 用在慣用語(yǔ)中：in the day, in the morning (afternoon，evening),the day after tomorrow the day before yesterday,the nex

6、t morning,in the sky (water，field，country)in the dark,in the rain,in the distance,in the middle (of),in the end,on the whole,by the way,go to the theatre2.4 冠詞與形容詞+名詞結(jié)構(gòu)1) 兩個(gè)形容詞都有冠詞，表示兩個(gè)不同東西。 He raises a black and a white cat. 他養(yǎng)了一只黑貓和一只白貓。 The black and the white cats are hers. 這只黑貓和白貓都是他的。2) 如后一個(gè)形容

7、詞無(wú)冠詞，則指一物。 He raises a black and white cat. 他養(yǎng)了一只花貓。2.3 零冠詞的用法 1) 國(guó)名，人名前通常不用定冠詞：England，Mary；2）泛指的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，表示一類人或事物時(shí)，可不用定冠詞；They are teachers. 他們是教師。3）抽象名詞表示一般概念時(shí)，通常不加冠詞；Failure is the mother of success.失敗乃成功之母。4）物質(zhì)名詞表示一般概念時(shí)，通常不加冠詞，當(dāng)表示特定的意思時(shí)，需要加定冠詞；Man cannot live without water.人離開水就無(wú)法生存。5）在季節(jié)、月份、節(jié)日、 假日

8、、日期、星期等表示時(shí)間的名詞之前，不加冠詞； We go to school from Monday to Friday. 我們從星期一到星期五都上課。6）在稱呼或表示官銜，職位的名詞前不加冠詞； The guards took the American to General Lee. 士兵們把這個(gè)美國(guó)人送到李將軍那里。7）在三餐、球類運(yùn)動(dòng)和娛樂運(yùn)動(dòng)的名稱前，不加冠詞 如：have breakfast，play chess 8）當(dāng)兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上名詞并用時(shí)，常省去冠詞；I cant write without pen or pencil.沒有鋼筆和鉛筆，我就寫不了字。9）當(dāng)by 與火車等交通工具

9、連用，表示一種方式時(shí)，中間無(wú)冠詞；by bus，by train； 10）有些個(gè)體名詞不用冠詞；如： school，college，prison，market，hospital，bed，table，class，town，church，court 等個(gè)體名詞，直接置于介詞后，表示該名詞的深層含義； go to hospital去醫(yī)院看病 go to the hospital 去醫(yī)院 (并不是去看病，而是有其他目的)11)不用冠詞的序數(shù)詞；a. 序數(shù)詞前有物主代詞 b. 序數(shù)詞作副詞 He came first in the race.c. 在固定詞組中 at (the) first,first

10、of all,from first to last初中英語(yǔ)冠詞專項(xiàng)練習(xí)題( ) 1 Han Meimei is _ Chinese girl. Lucy is _ English girl.A. a; a B. an; an C. a; an D. an; a( ) 2 A little boy wrote_ U and_ n on the wall.A. a; an B. an; a C. an; an D. a; a( ) 3 _ old lady in brown is_ university professor.A. An; a B. An; / C. The; an D. The;

11、a( ) 4 There are sixty minutes in_hour.A. an B. the C. a D. /( ) 5 This is _ interesting book and it is also _ useful one.A. an; an B. an; the C. ah; a D. a; a( ) 6 A computer is useful tool in o world today.A. an; the B. a; the C. the; the D. a; a2( ) 1 We have never seen _ interesting film.A. such

12、 B. such an C. so D. such a( ) 2 Mrs Smith is _ friend of _A. the; mine B. a; me C. the; my D. a; mine( ) 3 He is_boy.A. a seven-years-old B. an eight-year-oldC. the seven-year-old D. an eight-year-older( ) 4 Fsaw_ accident in the street yesterday.A. the B. a C. an D. /( ) 5 Now he is _ artist. 1 ha

13、ve known him since he was _ one-year-old boy.A. a; an B. a; a C. an; an D. an; a3( ) 1. Which bigger _ elephant or _ horse?A. a; the B. an; a C. the; an D. an; the( ) 2 _monkey can climb_trees.A. /; the B. A; / C. The; a D. /; /( ) 3 _ rains are faster than _ buses.A. /; / B. The; / C. /; the D. The

14、; a( ) 4 -Have you learned German?-Yes. Its _ language Ive ever learned.A. a quite difficult B: quite a difficultC. difficult quite D. difficult a quite( ) 5 Some animals, like _ cat, _ dog or _ wolf, do not need to hibernate (冬眠).A. /; /; the B. the; the; the C. a; /; the , D. the; /; /4( ) 1 Yeste

15、rday we held_ talk with them in the hall.A. the B. this C. a D. an( ) 2 My mother had_ fever, so I had to look after her.A a B. the C, / D. this( ) 3 Looking at, he took_deep breath.A. / B. a C. that D. its( ) 4 I usually go out for _ walk after_ tea;A: a; / B. /; the C. a; a D. the; a( ) 5 After th

16、at they had _ sleep.A. a night good B. a nights good C. a good night D. a good nights5( ) 1 It is_since we_last time.A. long time; met B. a long time; meet C. a long time; met D. the long time; meet( ) 2 There came _ great noise. It frightened us.A. the B. a C. / D. that( ) 3 It is_ pleasure to work

17、 with these workers.A. an B. / C. a D. this( ) 4 After _ quick breakfast I hurried to _ school.A. /; / -rB. a; / C. the; the - D. the; /6( ) 1 This is_egg. _egg is big.A. a; A B. an; An C. a; The D. an; The( ) 2 There is_ W in_word map.A. a; an B. an; a C. an; the D. a; the( ) 3 Here is basket. _ ba

18、sket is mine.A. a; The B. the; An. C. a; A D. the; A( ) 4 There is_ bridge over there. _ bridge is made of wood.A. the; The B. a; A C. the; A D. a; The( ) 5 He ordered _ book some time ago and now _ book has arrived.A. a; a B. the; a C. the; the D. a; the7( ) 1 She saw_ English film last Sunday. But

19、 she can not remember name of _ film.A. an; a; a B. a; the; aC. an; the; a D. an; the; the( ) 2 There is_ old man under_ tree.A. an; the B. the; a C. a; the D. an; /( ) 3 -What was _ yesterday? -November 24.A.date B. the date C. day D. the day( ) 4 We shall visit your country in_ coming year.A. a B.

20、 the C. one D. that( ) 5 Mother does most of _ at home.A. cleaning B. a clean C. the cleaning D. clean8( ) 1 -Whose room is that?-Its_.A. the twins B. of Lucy and LilyC. of the twins D. the twins( ) 2 Im busy_.A. at the moment B. at that moment C. in a moment D. just a moment( ) 3 _ book is very use

21、ful. I bought it from_unknown little town.A. A; a B. The; a C. A; an D. The; an( ) 4 English is_ interesting subject for most of students.A. the; an B. the; the C. an; / D. an; the( ) 5 _ girl in _ Grade Three is _ tallest in our school.A. The; the; the B. A; a; a C. The; /; the D. A; /; a9( ) 1 Mr

22、White lives on _floor.A. the fifteen B. fifteen C. the fifteenth D. fifteenth( ) 2 A boy named Ding Wei kicked a goal early _ of the match. A. in the one half B. in the first half C. for the first half D. for half one( ) 3 He has tried twice, and the captain asks him to have _ third try. A. the B. a

23、 C. another D. other( ) 4 China is one of _ oldest countries in _ world.A. the; the B. the; / C. a; a D. an; the( ) 5 Mary is _ only girl who has been to American.A. a B. the fc. an D. /10( ) I We can see_sun and_moon in_ picture. A.a; the; the B. the; a; theC. a; the; a D. the; the; the( ) 2 o moon

24、 moves around _ earth, and they both are smaller than sun.A. The; an; a B. A; the; the C. /; /; / D. The; the; the( ) 3 Paris is _ capital of France.A. a B. / C. one D. the11( ) 1 _ Browns arrived there yesterday evening.A. / B. A C. The D. An( ) 2 Why not ask your father to draw_ map for you if you

25、 want to get to_Alices house easily?A. a; an B. /; an C. the; a D. a; /( ) 3 _ Browns are sitting at_ breakfast table.A. /; a B. The; / C. The; the D. / the( ) 4 _ Turners could not pay for _ colour TV set.A. The; a B. /; the C. /; a D. The; /( ) 5 They went to . Smiths and stayed there for half_ ho

26、ur.A. /; an B. the; a C. a; the D. the; an12( ) 1 Cotton is grown in _ China.A. north B. the north of C. the north D. a north( ) 2 Its _ pleasure to see _ sun rising in _ east.A. /; the; / B. a; /; / C. a; the; the D. /; the; the( ) 3 Most of us are from_.A. the south B. south C. the southern D. sou

27、thern( ) 4 _ United States lies in North America.A. An B. A C. The D. /13( ) I He likes playing_ piano, he doesnt like playing_ football.A. the; the B. the; / C. /; the D. /; /( ) 2 Tom enjoys playing _ football while I enjoy playing _ piano verymuch.A. the; the B. a; a C. /; the D. the; /( ) 3 Yest

28、erday his mother bought_ piano and_basketball in that big shop.A. the; a B. a; a C. /; / D. some; two14( ) 1 _ night, a stranger knocked at the door.A. One B. The C. An D. A( ) 2 We often play football in_ of the school building.A. a front B. fronts C. front D. the front( ) 3 Theres going to be_Engl

29、ish test next week. A. an; a . B. an; / C. the; a D. an; the( ) 4 There is a map on _ left of the picture.A. the B. / C. a D. an( ) 5 He takes a bath in_evening.A. the B. / C. a D.an15( ) 1 We should look after_ old.A. these B. those C. the D. an( ) 2 The young nurse is kind to _ ill in the hospital

30、.A. a B. an 0. / D. the( ) 3 _ poor in those days had a hard time. A. A B. This C. The D. Those( ) 4 Not all _ beautiful is good.A. the B. a C. / D. this16( ) 1 They sailed along _ Yellow River for two weeks before they arrived _ home.A. /; / B. the; / C. the; the D. /; the( ) 2 The students of our

31、school climbed_ West Mountains.A. the B. this C. that D. /3 The ship is sailing on_ Pacific OceanA.a B. the C. / D.that17( ) 1 -Excuse me, may I have_water, please? -Sorry, there isnt_water in_bottle. A. any; any; the B. some; some; a C. some; any; the D. some; any; a( ) 2 It is known to all that _

32、light travels faster than _ sound. A. /; / B. a; a C. the; the D. the; /( ) 3 _water (Water) is necessary in_peoples everyday life. A. /; / B. The; / C. The; the D. /; the( ) 4 I came here in_ autumn of 1982.A. one B. a C. an D. the18( ) 1 _ is the most difficult in this book.A. Lesson second B. The

33、 second lesson C. Second lesson D. Second lessons( ) 2 Tuesday is_ third day of the week. A. the B. / C. a D. an( ) 3 He is a student of_.A. class First B. the class one C. Class One D. First Class( ) 4 We were so late getting to the theatre that we missed most of _ .A. the act first B. Act One C. a

34、ct first D. first act( ) 5 Flight Nineteen from New York to Washington is now arriving at .A. Gate Two B. the gate two C. the two gate D. second gate( ) 6 He lived in_.A. the room 105 B. the 105 room C. the 105 of the room D. Room 10519( ) 1 Reading_books can add to knowledge. A. a B. this C. / D. t

35、hat( ) 2 All of_books here are Chinese.A. the B. / C. those D. that( ) 3 He like sports, such as football, basketball and so on.A. / B. a C. the D. an20( ) 1 -Where does Mike sit?-He sits _.A. on any the right B. at the front of meC. on my left D. at the back of me( ) 2 Me has _ few English books. H

36、e lent me, _ few of them last week.A. the; .a B. the; a C. a; the D. this; that( ) 3 _ Mr Smith is a teacher.A. The B. A C. This D. /( ) 4 Monday is my _ day.A. the busiest B. busy C. busier D. busiest21( ) 1 Before_supper, I always play_football.A. a; the B. the; / C. /; / D. /; the( ) 2 Lets go an

37、d take a walk after _ lunch.A. a B. the C. / D. this( ) 3 We had a party after _ meal that day.A. a B. the C. one D.( ) 4 When we called, the family were at_ dinner.A. / B. the C. a D. an22( ) 1 Mary became_monitor of our class.A. a B. an C. / D. the( ) 2 My father is_ chairman of the club.A. the B.

38、 / C. an D. this( ) 3 He was made_team leader.A. our B. that C. a D. the( ) 4 Mr Wang is coming to our school tomorrow.A. / B. The C. An D. This( ) 5 _ mother (Mother) is loved by us.A. The B./ C. One D. That23( ) 1 _ learning (Learning) English is very interesting to me.A. / B. The C. A D. An( ) 2

39、We all know that_ walking on the moon is very difficult.A. one B. the. C. / D. a( ) 3 _ running (Running) every morning is good for us.A. A B. / C. This D. That24( ) 1 Shall we go to see our teacher? She is ill .A. in a hospital B. in the hospitalC. in hospital D. in hospitals( ) 2 Have you ever tra

40、veled on _ train?A. the B. a C. an D. /( ) 3 He is going to London by _ sea.A. the B. a C. one D. /( ) 4 Marco Polo and his father traveled by_.A. a ship B. ships C. ship D. the ship25( ) 1 There is a book shop_.A. on my way school B. on my way to school C. on my way to the school D. in my way to sc

41、hool( ) 2 I go to_ school on foot because my home is near_ school. A. a; a B. the; the C. /; / D. /; the( ) 3 Mary has _ high fever and she has to be in _ hospital.A. a; / B. a; a C. /; / D. the; the( ) 4 Dont_. Its bad_your eyes.A. read in bed; to B. reading in bed; for C. read in the bed; for D. read in bed; for( ) 5 He stole the money and they put him_.A. in prison B. to prison C. at the prison D. in the prison26( ) 1.