,水星、金星、地球、火星、木星、土星、天王星、海王星,Water Air Life,Water is the headspring of life. 水是生命之源,?,A cloud of dust Combine into a solid ball Explodewith fire & rock (produce H2O, CO2,O2, N2, other gases),atmosphere,Cool down,water appeared,dissolve harmful gases into ,Life began,Life developed,A cloud of dust a solid ball presence of water on the water shellfish & other fish plants begin to grow on dry land insects and amphibians appear retiles appear dinosaurs appear mammals appear,The development of life,insects and amphibians appear,retiles appear,dinosaurs appear,mammals appear,Discussion： How to protect the earth and make it a better place to live on?,主語從句可以前置，也可以后置。用it做形式主語，而把主語從句放在句末，常用下面幾種句型。,1）It + be + 表語 +主語從句 表語：（名詞， 形容詞，過去分詞）,It is certain that she will do well in her exam. It is true that I told her everything.,It is a pity that we cant go. It is no surprise that our team should have won the game. It is an honour that I was invited to attend the meeting.,It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing. It is reported that China has sent another manmade earth satellite into orbit.,2）It+不及物動(dòng)詞或短語+主語從句 It seemed (happened, doesnt matter, has turned out) that,It happens that they were absent. It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at all.,It doesnt matter whether she will come or not. It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting.,3) It +及物動(dòng)詞（被動(dòng)語態(tài)）+主語從句,It has been decided that the exhibition will not open on Sundays.,注意:,1）主語從句在句首時(shí)，必須由連接詞引導(dǎo)，不能省略這些連接詞；但是如果用it做形式主語，而把主語從句放在句末時(shí)，從屬連詞that可以省略。,誤：They should like each other is natural. 正：That they should like each other is natural. 正：It is natural that they should like each other.,2)如果主語從句放在句首，不能用if引導(dǎo)，但是如果用it 做形式主語，而把主語從句放在句末時(shí)，也可以用if引導(dǎo).,誤：If Mary really heard him is really doubtful. 正：It was doubtful if Mary really heard him.,1. What it was to become was a mystery until the dust began to slowly combine into a ball moving around the sun.,_ （使大家吃驚的是）is that he didnt come to the meeting.,What surprised everybody,2. _（他所做的） added to our difficulty.,What he did,n. 固體 solid, liquid, gas adj. 固體的；實(shí)心的,無空隙的；結(jié)實(shí)的，堅(jiān)固的,1) Matter has three states: solid, liquid液體 and gas氣體.,2) When water freezes結(jié)冰, it becomes solid and we call it ice.,be to (do): 不可避免要發(fā)生或必須發(fā)生,They are to go traveling in August. Mr. Clark said to his daughter, “You are to be home by 10 oclock at the latest.”,3.It exploded loudly with fire and rock, which were in time to produce the water vapour, ,1). （使某物）炸開，爆炸,2). （指感情）激發(fā),3). （指人口）突然或迅速增加,The firework exploded in his hand and he was hurt seriously.,I was frightened when she exploded into loud laughter.,Now it is not easy to find jobs with the exploding population.,explosion n. 爆炸（聲）,explosive adj.爆炸性的，易爆炸的 n.炸藥，爆炸物,in time (for sth/to do sth): not late 及時(shí)；不遲 She will be back in time to prepare dinner. 她來得及回來準(zhǔn)備晚飯。,in time: sooner or later; eventually 遲早；最后 Ill see him in time. 總有一天我會(huì)遇見他。,in/out of time: in/not in the correct time 合/不合節(jié)拍 The audience clapped in time to the music. 觀眾合著音樂的節(jié)拍拍手。,going round the sun為現(xiàn)在分詞短語，做定語，表示一般的動(dòng)作。例如：,Men breaking the law will be punished. Men who break the law will be punished.,現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語，也可表示進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。例如：,Can you see the girl dancing with your boyfriend? Can you see the girl who is dancing with her boyfriend?,你能看到與男友跳舞的那個(gè)姑娘嗎？,be harmful to 對(duì)有害,do harm to sb. = do sb. harm 傷害某人，對(duì)某人有害處,1) Pollution is especially harmful to animals.,2) Smoking will do you a lot of harm.,8. They multiplied and filled the first oceans and seas with oxygen .,multiply (數(shù)目上)增加，增多；乘；（使）繁殖,1) Our problems have multiplied since last year.,2) 2 and 5 multiply to make 10.,4) The plants here multiply rapidly.,3) 6 multiplied by 5 is 30.,= Multiply 6 by 5 to make 30.,10. Many millions of years later the first green plants began to appear on land.,late,adj. 遲到的，晚的；前任的；以前的；已故的,later,adv. 后來，較晚時(shí)候,過后 adj. late的比較級(jí)(更遲的,更后的),latest,adj. 最新的,lately,adv. =recently 近來,1) Mr. Zhu Rongji is the late Prime Minister of China.,3) She said she would ring you later this morning.,5) Its only lately that she has been well enough to go out.,2) He is often late for school.,4) Have you heard about the latest news?,12. They produced young generally by laying eggs.,Its generally believed that一般認(rèn)為,generally speaking 一般而言，概括來說,1) Its generally believed that girls work harder than boys do.,2) Generally speaking, women cry more easily than men.,13. Small clever animals, now with hands and feet, appeared and spread all over the earth.,vi.,散布, 傳播，蔓延, 伸展，擴(kuò)展,vt.,鋪開，攤開,1) The news spread through the school very quickly. 2) Theres a desert spreading for hundreds of miles.,3) He spread out his arms to welcome us. 4) I spread a new cloth on the table.,14. They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which prevents heat from escaping from the earth into space.,阻止某人做某事 :,prevent sb. (from) doing sth.,stop sb. (from) doing sth.,keep sb. from doing sth.,1) We must prevent them from making trouble.,2) You should prevent the child from injuring himself.,If nothing prevents, ,如果沒有什么阻礙的話 , ,Word study:,Translate the following into English,把當(dāng)作 太陽系 總有一天；及時(shí) 一般地說來 信賴；取決于 目前 做出選擇 天文學(xué) 氧 阻止,think of as solar system in time generally speaking depend on at present make choices astronomy oxygen prevent from ,make watch wonder be cool multiply begin exist explode,Where do we come from? How did the universe _ ? When we _ the stars through the telescope, we _ why the universe _ . After the “Big Bang” ,the earth _ just a cloud of energetic dust. Somehow it _ loudly with fire and rock, which _ the earths atmosphere. As the earth _ down water _ to appear on its surface, which was important for the beginning of life. Then living things _ on the earth.,begin,watch,wonder,exists,was,exploded,made,cooled,began,multiplied,On the moon,The change of gravity,In space,Very strong,Very heavy,Disappeared,Floated weightlessly,Very light,The mass will be less,Leave the earth,Last month I visited the moon with my friend. Before we left, I was told the force of g_ would change three times on our journey. Then we took off. As we left the earth, I became very h_. Gradually the weight l_. When I was in space, it d_. We f_ weightlessly in the cabin and I c_ _. When I was on the moon, I was surprised to find out even walking needs lots of practice n_ _ gravity changed. The returning of the earth was very f_. We were amazed to watch fire b_ _ on the outside of the ship.,gravity,heavy,lessened,disappeared,floated,cheered up,now that,frightening,break out,疑難語句細(xì)解,1 beadj.enoughto do足夠能干 拓展 enough作副詞時(shí)可以修飾形容詞、副詞或動(dòng)詞，放在被 修飾的形容詞、副詞或動(dòng)詞之后，再加動(dòng)詞不定式或介詞for 短語構(gòu)成句型：beadj.enoughto do sth./for sth.意思為 “足夠可以”。,(1)她已到自己作決定的年齡了。 She is _ decide for herself. (2)屋子不夠大容不下做禮拜的人們。 The room isnt _ hold the people who attend church. (3)這篇課文太耐讀了。 This text is . (4)這種游戲我訓(xùn)練得不夠。 I hadnt .,old enough to,big enough to,long enough for reading,trained enough for the game,I found I was carried twice as far as on the earth and fell over. 步子的跨度竟是在地球上的兩 倍，因而我摔倒了。 句型 twice as.as.“是的兩倍” (1)這棵樹是那棵樹的兩倍高。 _ (2)那個(gè)男孩跳的高度是我的兩倍。 _,This tree is twice as tall as that one.,The boy jumps twice as high as I.,歸 納,英語常見表達(dá)倍數(shù)的句型如下：,倍數(shù),as.as.,比較級(jí)than,asadj./adv.的原級(jí)as as many/much名詞as,adj./adv.比較級(jí)than. more名詞than.,說明：在“倍數(shù)then.of.”結(jié)構(gòu)中，常用的名詞size，height，length，width等。另外，兩倍用twice或double，不到一倍用分?jǐn)?shù)表示，三倍或三倍以上一般用times來表示。,飛機(jī)飛得是風(fēng)箏的十倍高。 The plane flew nine times higher than the kite. The plane flew ten times as high as the kite. The plane flew ten times the height of the kite.,3.“Oh，dear，” I cried，“walking does need a bit of practice now that gravity has changed.” “天哪！”我大聲說，“既然重力改變了，走路也的確需要練 一練了?！?句型 now that的意思為“既然，由于”，從屬連詞，引導(dǎo)原 因狀語從句，在口語中可以省略that。 聯(lián)想 與now that意思相近的有seeing that，since等。,(1)既然你提到了，我要記在心里。 you have mentioned it，I keep it in mind. (2)既然已完成了工作，你就應(yīng)該好好休息一下。 You ought to have a good rest _ youve finished the work. (3)既然教授的報(bào)告很有教育意義，為什么不去聽呢？ _ the professors lecture is very instructive，why not go and attend it? (4)鑒于你有足夠