2010高考二輪復(fù)習(xí)英語(yǔ)考案專題十九閱讀理解【專題考案】(一)The2008BeijingOlympicGamesaredrawingnear.Areyoueagertoenjoywatchingthematchesorstartservingasavolunteer?First,youneedtoknowaboutaudiencemanners.Thebehaviorofcourtsideaudiencesisconsideredtobeanimportantpartofsportingculture.In2004,afterworldchampionStephenHendrylosttoDingJunhuiintheChinaOpenSnookerChampionships,hecomplainedofthenoisefromChinesespectators.Perhapsyouandyourclassmatescouldbewrittenonthebackofthetickets.Readyourticketcarefullybeforeyouleave,remembertotakeawayyoursoftdrinkbottlesandothertrash(垃圾).Duringexcitinggames,trytocontrolyourself.Dontcriticizetheperformanceofplayersandcoaches.Becarefulwithyourwords,sincesomemaycauseangeramongotherpeopleintheaudience.Applauseisaspecialformofbodylanguageyoucanusetocommunicatewithplayers.Butyoushoulddoitproperly.Whenplayersfirstappear,clapyourhandstogethertowelcomethem,butdontgoonfortoolong.Afteranexcellentperformance,applaudwarmly.Ifsomeonefails,yourapplausewillhelpencouragethem.Applauseisnotwelcome,however,whileagameisinprogressandplayersneedtokeeptheirconcentration.Varioussportshavevariousrulesfortheaudience.Enjoyingartisticgymnasticsrequiressilence.Butlotsofcheeringcanreallyhelpbasketballandfootballplayers.Snookerandtabletenniscourtsidebehaviorincludesabanonflashphotography.Mobilephonesarenotallowedinshootingcenters.Tobeagoodspectator,youshouldtaketimetolearnthegame-specificrulesandrelatedcultureofeachevent.1Whatdoestheunderlinedwork“spectators”meaninthesecondparagraph?APlayersBAudiencesCCoachesDOrganizers2Whencantyouleavethespotofagame?AWhenthegameisgoingonBWhenthegameisjustoverCBeforethegamebeginsDWhenthegameislongover3Whatshouldyoudoduringanexcitingfootballgame?AControlyourselfBKeepquietCPraisetheplayersDCheertheplayers4Whencantyouclapyourhands?AWhenplayersfirstappearBWhenanexcellentperformanceisoverCWhensomeonefailsDWhenaplayerisfinishingaverydifficultperformance5Whatisthebesttitleofthistext?AHowtobeagoodaudienceofBeijingOlympicGamesBHowtosupportplayersatBeijingOlympicGamesCHowtocontrolyourselfatBeijingOlympicGamesDHowtobeavolunteeratBeijingOlympicGames（二）London-Amorningtrainridesaway,acrossthechannel.EnglishkidsdiscusstheLiverpoolsfootballteaminaParispub.SomeParisianshavestartedtotraveltoworkinLondon.Inthe19thcentury,CharlesDickenscomparedthetwocities,LondonandParis,inATaleofTwoCities.Thesedays,itmightbeAtaleofOneCity.Astherearefewjobsathomeoverrecentyears,perhaps250,000Frenchmenmovedacrossthechannel.Withanunderseatunnel,theycouldtravelbetweencitiesinthreehours.TheEuropeanUnionfreedthemfromimmigrationandcustoms.Paris,richinbeauty,ismorestylish.ButLondonfeelsmorefulloflife,andmorefununtilthepubsshutdown.“Forme,thedifferenceisthatLondonisreal,alive,”saidTrevorWheeler,afinancialexpert.ChantalJaouen,aprofessionaldesigner,agrees.“IamFrench,butIllstayinLondon,”shesaid.Thereis,ofcourse,theotherview.JulieLenouxisastudentwhomovedtoLondontwoyearsago.“IthinkpeoplelaughmoreinParis,”shesaid.“Bothcitieshavechangedbeyondrecognition,”saidLarryCollins,anauthorandsometimesaLondoner.Likemostpeoplewhoknowbothcitieswell,hefindsthetwonowfittogethercomfortably.“IfirstfellinlovewithParisinthe1950s.Thingsaresomuchmoreordered,andlifeisbetter.”Butcertainlynotcheaper.InsomepartsofLondon,rentscanbetwicethoseonAvenueFochinParis.DecidingbetweenLondonandParisrequiresalifestylechoice.LikeDaphneBenoit,aFrenchjournalismstudentwithperfectEnglish,manyyoungpeoplearehappytobecloseenoughsotheydonthavetochoose.“IloveParis,mylittleneighborhood,thewayIcanwalkaroundacentre,butlifeistooorganized,”shesaid.“InLondon,youcanbewhoeveryouwant.Noonecares.”1Itcanbeinferredthat_.AParisandLondonarethetwobiggestcitiesintheworldBInthe19thcentury,DickenstoldhisstoriesinthetwocitiesCLondonandParisusedtobeseparatedDLiverpoolisabigcityinFrance2Accordingtothispassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?APeoplefeelitdifficulttofindajobinParis.BPeoplecanttraveltoLondonwithoutapassport.CLivinginFranceismoreexpensivethaninLondon.DPeoplecanfindanyjobinLondon.3Accordingtothispassageweknowthat_.AParisiansenjoyEnglishfoodmorethantheirownBLondonersseldomtraveltoParisonholidaysCbothcitieshavetheiradvantagesDyoungpeopleprefertoliveinLondon4Whichcityisbettertoliveinaccordingtothepassage?AParis.BLondon.CBothcities.DItjustdepends.5Whatsthemeaningofthelasttwosentences?APeoplecandoeverythinginLondon.BPeoplewillfeellonelyinLondon.CPeopleinLondonenjoylivingindifferentways.DPeopleinLondonenjoyalawlesslife.（三）Thishotelinthetreesisfamousintheworld.Peop1ewhoknowverylittleaboutKenya,knowofTreetops.WhenKingGeorgeVIdied,PrincessElizabethwasstayingontheTreetops,andwhenshecamedownfromthere,“Shesucceededhimasthequeenofthecountry”.ThishotelinthemiddleoftheforestshowsthepleasureofAfrica.Whenyouvisitit,youwillbesentintotheheartoftheforestbyhotelbuses,andthenaguide,withaguntoprotectyouagainstbiggame,willgowithyoutotheTreetops.Beforeandafterdinner,forthewholenightifyouwish,youcansitonthecorridor(走廊),watchinganimalscometothewaterpool.TheearliesthotelTreetopswasbuiltroundalargetreeontheoppositesideofthewater,butthatwasdestroyedbyfireandthenewhotelTreetops,whichisbuiltroundseveraltrees,ismuchbigger.ThediningroomatTreetopsissmall,andthewaiterscannotwalkroundtoserveguests,aclever“railwayservice”hasbeeninvented.Gueststaketheirfoodasitpassesslowlyinfrontofthem,alongalineinthecenterofthetable.TherearemanyanimalsaroundtheTreetops.Whenyouvisitthem,youcansee:-Animalsandtheirbabiesarewaitingtogreettheguests.-Animals,enjoyingtheTreetopspoolinthedaylight.-Alongbodied,longringtailedveryactivecat-likeanimalisaspecialonecomingoutatnight.Hehuntsandeatsanythinghecanoverpowerandisverydestructive.HelivesinthetreesatTreetops.Hecomesforhisfoodeveryevening.Donotgettooneartohim,ashisteethandclaws（爪）candoyouharm.Theseanimalscanbetrainedandbecomelovelypets.-Someotheranimalswhohaveathickcoatingoffurtokeepthemwarminthecoldforestnights.-Manybuffaloes（水牛）comingtotheTreetopsforwaterandsaltduringthedayornight.1“Shesucceededinbecomingthequeenofthecountry.”Inthissentence,“succeeded”means_.AdidwhatshewastryingtodoBgainedherpurposeCgotapositiononthedeathoftheKingDcompletedaneasytask2Accordingtothepassage,“railwayservice”actuallyrefersto_.AtheserviceprovidedattherailwaystationBthesupplyoffoodonthetrainCtheserviceprovidedalongtherailwayDthesupplyoffoodalongamovingline3Whichofthefollowingstatementsabout“thecat-likeanimal”,describedinthepassage,isNOTtrue?AItcomesforfoodonlyatnight.BItlivesinthetreesatTreetops.CItsteethandclawscandopeopleharm.DItcancatchanyotheranimalintheforest.4Accordingtothepassage.Treetopsisfamousintheworldbecause_.AitshowsthepleasureofAmericaBPrincessElizabethgottothecrownwhencomingdownfromthereCitisbuiltroundseveraltreesDtherearemanyanimalsthatcanbetrainedandbecomelovelypets5Wecanlearnfromthepassage,thattheguestsAshouldnotplaygamesontheTreetopsBcouldnotsitonthecorridoratnightCcouldenjoytheirdinnerinthediningroomDshouldkeepoffthecat-likeanimals（四）Somepeopledontbelievethatdrivingmoreslowlycansavelives.Butthetruthisthatdrivingmoreslowlycanhelpapersontoavoidseriousaccidents.Thefollowingchartshowsthedistancethatittakestostopacaratagivenspeed.Thedistanceismeasuredinfeet.Theshadedareashowsthedriversthinkingdistance.Thatsthedistanceittakesforthedrivertoreacttoadangerthathesees.Thewhiteareashowsthecarsbrakingdistance.Thatsthedistanceittakesforthecartostoponcethebrakesareused.Thenumberatthetopofeachbarshowsthetotalnumberoffeetthatittakestostopthecar.1Accordingtothechart,whatisthetotalnumberoffeetneededtostopacarthatistravelingat50milesperhour?A55.B73.C128.D183.2Whatisthebrakingdistanceforacarthatistravelingat60milesperhour?A66feet.B119feet.C185feet.D251feet.3Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutbrakingandspeedistrue?AThebrakingdistanceiswhatittakesforthedrivertoreacttoadangerthathesees.BThespeedofacarhasadirecteffectonthedistanceneededtostopthecar.CThebrakingdistanceincreasesonlywhenadriverdrivesfasterthan50milesperhourDDrivingslowlycanhelpapersontoavoidallaccidents.（五）CatherineDestivelleisarockstar.Shelovesrock,butshecantsingorplaytheguitar!SheisarockclimberandabigstarinFranceandItaly.Sheisthemostfamouswomanclimberintheworldbecausesheoftenclimbswithoutropes.SheclimbsinmanycountriesbutmostoftenintheFrenchAlpsnearChamonix,whereshelives.ShestartedclimbingnearherhomeinPariswhenshe,vasfive.Then,atfourteen,shejoinedtheFrenchAlpineClubtolearnmore,butimmediatelysheclimbedbetterandmorequicklythantheoldermembersoftheclubShewonherfirstcompetitioninItalyin1995.ThreeyearsagoshefoundanewrouteuptheDruMountainnearChamonix.Theclimbtookelevendaysandforfourdaysthesnowwassoheavythatshecouldnotmove.LastyearotherclimberstriedtofollowthenewDestivelleRoute,buttheyfailed.Theyaregoingtotryagainthisyear.Peoplealwaysaskheraboutherclimbing.Shesays,IclimbbecauseIminlovewithmountains.Iliketouchingtherockandreadingthefaceoftherock.Ilikeitalot.Ifeltathomeonthesideofamountain.IpreparewellbeforeIgo,soImneverworried.Catherinechoosesnewmountainsfrombooks-likebuyingfromashoppingcatalogue(目錄)!IseeanicemountainandIgotoclimbit!HernextmountainisinPakistan.Sheisgoingtherenextmonth.ItsmuchbiggerthantheDru,soitsgoingtotakelongertoclimb.AnAmericanclimber,JeffLowe,iscomingwithmetohelp.1CatherineDestivelleiscalledastarbecause_.Ashewonacompetitionin1995BshelovesrocksCshesafamouswomanclimberDshefoundanewrouteuptotheDruMountain2ShehadgreattroublefindinganewrouteuptheDruMountainbecause_.AshelostherwayBtheclimbtook11daysCsheneededhelpfromanAmericanclimberDtherewasheavysnow3Onthesideofamountainshefeels_.AworriedBeasyandhappyClikestayingathomeDwell4Wecaninferfromthepassagepeopleoftenaskher_”.AWhydoyoulikeclimbing?BAreyouinlovewithanAmericanclimber?CDoyouenjoyreadingbooksonmountains?DWhatdoyoudobeforeyougoclimbing?（六）Cancerisamongthetopkillerdiseasesinoursocietytodayandscientistshavefoundoutthatstresshelpstobringiton.Itisworthwhiletoconsider,therefore,whatarethecausesofstressinourlife,andwhetherwecandoanythingaboutthem.Areweunder-employed,oroverburdenedwithtoomanyresponsibilities?Dowehavearightbalanceofworkandleisureinourlives?Areourrelationshipswithfamily,friendsorfellowworkersinagoodstate?Allthesethingscanbeacauseofstress,anditisbesttofacethemhonestly,andtobringourfrustration(沮喪)intotheopen.Peoplewhohavearowandthenforgetitaredoingtheirhealthmoregoodthanthosewhobottleuptheirfeelings.Ifourself-examinationhasbroughtanycausesofstresstolight,letusconsiderwhatwecandoaboutthem.Itispossibletochangejobs.Wecanmakemoreleisureandfillinmorefun,ifwewillacceptadifferentlivingstandard.Wecanimproveourpersonalrelationshipsbyadifferentattitude.Itiswewhoallowotherpeopletomakeourselvesunhappy.Oftenthelittlethingsthatdisturbusarenotworthanhoursanger.TheteachingintheBible“Letnotthesungodownuponyourwrath(憤怒)”isgoodadvicefromthehealthpointofviewaswellasthereligious.1WhichofthefollowingstatementisTRUEaccordingtothetext?AStressisthedirectcauseofcancer.BThecauseofstressisworthyofseriousstudy.CCanceristhenumberonekillerinoursocietytoday.DPeoplewhocantacceptadifferentlivingstandardarelesslikelytosufferfromstress.2Judgingfromthetext,theword“row”inthethirdparagraphmostprobablymeans_AanoisyquarrelBaboatjourneyCagoodrelationshipDacureddisease3Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedasawaytoreduceourstress?AChangingourjobs.BChangingourattitudeaboutlittlethingsthatmakeusunpleased.CSpeakingoutaboutourfrustrations.DReadingtheBible4“Letnotthesungodownuponyourwrath”probablymeans_.ADontletyourangerlastlong.BDontgetangryeventhoughthesunisgoingdown.CSomethingimportantthatdisturbusisworthanhoursanger.DWatchthesunsetwhileyouareangry.（七）Thefoodweeatseemstohavegreateffectsonourhealth.Althoughsciencehasmadegreatstepsinmakingfoodmorefittoeat,ithas,atthesametime,mademanyfoodsunfittoeat.Someresearchhasshownthatperhapseightypercentofallhumanillnessesarerelatedtodietandfortypercentofcancerisrelatedtodietaswell.Differentculturesaresubjecttocertainillnessesbecauseofthefoodthatischaracteristicinthesecultures.Thatfoodisrelatedtoillnessisnotanewdiscovery.In1945,governmentresearchersrealizedthatnitrates(硝酸鹽)andnitrites,commonlyusedtokeepcolorinmeats,andotherfoodadditives,causedcancer.Yet,theseadditivesremaininourfood,anditbecomesmoredifficultallthetimetoknowwhichthingsonthepackaginglabels(標(biāo)簽)ofprocessedfoodarehelpfulorharmful.Theadditiveswhichweeatarenotallsodirect.Farmersoftengivepenici