教師先行社2010 年 6 月 19 日大學英語四級(CET-4)考試全真試題(2010年6月 19 日)Part IWriting(30 minutes)注意：此部分試題在答題卡 1 上。Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Due Attention Should Be Given To Spelling. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:1. 如今不少學生在英語學習中不重視拼寫2. 出現(xiàn)這種情況的原因3. 為了改變這種狀況，我認為Due Attention Should Be Given To Spelling3 Part IIReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Caught in the WebA few months ago, it wasnt unusual for 47-year-old Carla Toebe to spend 15 hours per day online. Shed wake up early, turn on her laptop and chat on Internet dating sites and instant-messaging programs leaving her bed for only brief intervals. Her household bills piled up, along with the dishes and dirty laundry, but it took near-constant complaints from her four daughters before she realized she had a problem.I was starting to feel like my whole world was falling apart kind of slipping into a depression, said Carla. I knew that if I didnt get off the dating sites, Id just keep going,detaching (使脫離) herself further from the outside world.Toebes conclusion: She felt like she was addicted to the Internet. Shes not alone.Concern about excessive Internet use isnt new. As far back as 1995, articles in medical journals and the establishment of a Pennsylvania treatment center for overusers generated interest in the subject. Theres still no consensus on how much time online constitutes too much or whether addiction is possible.But as reliance on the Web grows, there are signs that the question is getting more serious attention: Last month, a study published in CNS Spectrums claimed to be the first large-scale look at excessive Internet use. The American Psychiatric Association may consider listing Internet addiction in the next edition of its diagnostic manual. And scores of online discussion boards have popped up on which people discuss negative experiences tied to too much time on the Web.Theres no question that therere people whore seriously in trouble because theyre overdoing their Internet involvement, said psychiatrist (精神科醫(yī)生) Ivan Goldberg. Goldberg calls theproblem a disorder rather than a true addiction.Jonathan Bishop, a researcher in Wales specializing in online communities, is more skeptical. The Internet is an environment, he said. You cant be addicted to the environment. Bishop describes the problem as simply a matter of priorities, which can be solved by encouraging people to prioritize other life goals and plans in place of time spent online.The new CNS Spectrums study was based on results of a nationwide telephone survey of more than 2,500 adults. Like the 2005 survey, this one was conducted by Stanford University researchers. About 6% of respondents reported that their relationships suffered because of excessive Internet use. About 9% attempted to conceal nonessential Internet use, and nearly 4% reported feeling preoccupied by the Internet when offline.About 8% said they used the Internet as a way to escape problems, and almost 14% reported they found it hard to stay away from the Internet for several days at a time.The Internet problem is still in its infancy, said Elias Aboujaoude, a Stanford professor. No single online activity is to blame for excessive use, he said. Theyre online in chat rooms, checkinge-mail, or writing blogs. The problem is not limited to porn (色情) or gambling websites.Excessive Internet use should be defined not by the number of hours spent online but in terms of losses, said Maressa Orzack, a Harvard University professor. If its a loss where youre not getting to work, and family relationships are breaking down as a result, then its too much.Since the early 1990s, several clinics have been established in the U. S. to treat heavy Internetusers. They include the Center for Internet Addiction Recovery and the Center for Internet Behavior.The website for Orzacks center lists the following among the psychological symptoms of computer addiction: Having a sense of well-being (幸福) or excitement while at the computer. Longing for more and more time at the computer. Neglect of family and friends. Feeling empty, depressed or irritable when not at the computer. Lying to employers and family about activities. Inability to stop the activity. Problems with school or job.Physical symptoms listed include dry eyes, backaches, skipping meals, poor personal hygiene(衛(wèi)生) and sleep disturbances.People who struggle with excessive Internet use maybe depressed or have other mood disorders, Orzack said. When she discusses Internet habits with her patients, they often report that being online offers a sense of belonging, and escape, excitement and fun, she said. Some people say reliefbecause they find themselves so relaxed.Some parts of the Internet seem to draw people in more than others. Internet gamers spend countless hours competing in games against people from all over the world. One such game, called World of Warcraft, is cited on many sites by posters complaining of a gaming addiction.Andrew Heidrich, an education network administrator from Sacramento, plays World of Warcraft for about two to four hours every other night, but thats nothing compared with the 40 to 60 hours a week he spent playing online games when he was in college. He cut back only after afull-scale family intervention (干預), in which relatives told him hed gained weight.Theres this whole culture of competition that sucks people in with online gaming, said Heidrich, now a father of two. People do it at the expense of everything that was a constant in their lives. Heidrich now visits websites that discuss gaming addiction regularly to remind myself to keep my love for online games in check.Toebe also regularly visits a site where posters discuss Internet overuse. In August, when she first realized she had a problem, she posted a message on a Yahoo Internet addiction group with the subject line: I have an Internet Addiction.Im self-employed and need the Internet for my work, but Im failing to accomplish my work, to take care of my home, to give attention to my children, she wrote in a message sent to the group.I have no money or insurance to get professional help; I cant even pay my mortgage (抵押貸款)and face losing everything.Since then, Toebe said, she has kept her promise to herself to cut back on her Internet use. I have a boyfriend now, and Im not interested in online dating, she said by phone last week. Its a lot better now.注意：此部分試題請在答題卡 1 上作答。1.What eventually made Carla Toebe realize she was spending too much time on the Internet?A) Her daughters repeated complaints. B) Fatigue resulting from lack of sleep.C) The poorly managed state of her house. D) The high financial costs adding up.2.What does the author say about excessive Internet use?A) People should be warned of its harmful consequences. B) It has become virtually inevitable.C) It has been somewhat exaggerated.D) People havent yet reached agreement on its definition.3.Jonathan Bishop believes that the Internet overuse problem can be solved if people .A) try to improve the Internet environmentB) become aware of its serious consequencesC) can realize what is important in lifeD) can reach a consensus on its definition4.According to Professor Maressa Orzack, Internet use would be considered excessive if .A) it seriously affected family relationshipsB) one visited porn websites frequentlyC) too much time was spent in chat roomsD) people got involved in online gambling5.According to Orzack, people who struggle with heavy reliance on the Internet may feel .A) discouragedB) pressured C) depressed D) puzzled6.Why did Andre Heidrich cut back online gaming?A) He had lost a lot of money. B) His family had intervened.C) He had offended his relatives. D) His career had been ruined.7.Andrew Heidrich now visits websites that discuss online gaming addiction to .A) improve his online gaming skillsB) curb his desire for online gamingC) show how good he is at online gamingD) exchange online gaming experience8.In one of the messages she posted on a website, Toebe admitted that she .9.Excessive Internet use had rendered Toebe so poor that she couldnt afford to seek .10. Now that shes got a boyfriend, Toebe is no longer crazy about .Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Section CDirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.When we think of green buildings, we tend to think of new ones the kind of high-tech, solar-paneled masterpieces that make the covers of architecture magazines. But the U.S. has morethan 100 million existing homes, and it would be47wasteful to tear them all down and48them with greener versions. An enormous amount of energy and resources went into the construction of those houses. And it would take an average of 65 years for the49carbonemissions from a new energy-efficient home to make up for the resources lost by destroying an old one. So in the broadest50, the greenest home is the one that has already been built. But atthe same time, nearly half of U. S. carbon emissions come from heating, cooling and51our homes, offices and other buildings. You cant deal with climate change without dealing withexisting buildings, says Richard Moe, the president of the National Trust.With some52, the oldest homes tend to be the least energy-efficient. Houses built before 1939 use about 50% more energy per square foot than those built after 2000, mainly due tothe tiny cracks and gaps that53over time and let in more outside air.Fortunately, there are a54number of relatively simple changes that can green olderhomes, from55ones like Lincolns Cottage to your own postwar home. And efficiency upgrades (升級) can save more than just the earth; they can help56property owners from rising power costs.注意：此部分試題請在答題卡 2 上作答。ABaccommodationsclumsyIJKprotectreducedCDdoubtful exceptionsKL）) L)replace senseEFexpend historicMNshifted supplyingGincrediblyOvastHpoweringSectiPassage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.You never see him, but theyre with you every time you fly. They record where you are going, how fast youre traveling and whether everything on your airplane is functioning normally. Their ability to withstand almost any disaster makes them seem like something out of a comic book. Theyre known as the black box.When planes fall from the sky, as a Yemeni airliner did on its way to Comoros Islands in theIndia ocean June 30, 2009, the black box is the best bet for identifying what went wrong. So when aFrench submarine (潛水艇) detected the devices homing signal five days later, the discoverymarked a huge step toward determining the cause of a tragedy in which 152 passengers were killed.In 1958, Australian scientist David Warren developed a flight-memory recorder that would track basic information like altitude and direction. That was the first mode for a black box, which became a requirement on all U.S. commercial flights by 1960. Early models often failed to withstand crashes, however, so in 1965 the device was completely redesigned and moved to the rearof the plane the area least subject to impact from its original position in the landing wells (起落架艙). The same year, the Federal Aviation Authority required that the boxes, which were neveractually black, be painted orange or yellow to aid visibility.Modern airplanes have two black boxes: a voice recorder, which tracks pilots conversations, and a flight-data recorder, which monitors fuel levels, engine noises and other operating functionsthat help investigators reconstruct the aircrafts final moments. Placed in an insulated (隔絕的) caseand surrounded by a quarter-inch-thick panels of stainless steel, the boxes can withstand massive force and temperatures up to 2,000. When submerged, theyre also able to emit signals fromdepths of 20,000 ft. Experts believe the boxes from Air France Flight 447, which crashed near Brazil on June 1,2009, are in water nearly that deep, but statistics say theyre still likely to turn up. In the approximately 20 deep-sea crashes over the past 30 years, only one planes black boxes were never recovered.注意：此部分試題請在答題卡 2 上作答57. What does the author say about the black box?A) It ensures the normal functioning of an airplane. B) The idea for its design comes from a comic book. C) Its ability to ward off disasters is incredible.D) It is an indispensable device on an airplane.58. What information could be found from the black box on the Yemeni airliner?A) Data for analyzing the cause of the crash. B) The total number of passengers on board.C) The scene of the crash and extent of the damage. D) Homing signals sent by the pilot before the crash.A) New materials became available by that time. B) Too much space was needed for its installation. C) The early models often got damaged in the crash. D) The early models didnt provide the needed data.60. Why did the Federal Aviation Authority require the black boxes be painted orange or yellow?A) To distinguish them from the colour of the plane. B) To caution people to handle them with care.C) To make them easily identifiable.D) To conform to international standards.61. What do we know about the black boxes from Air France Flight 447?A) There is still a good chance of their being recovered. B) There is an urgent need for them to be reconstructed. C) They have stopped sending homing signals.D) They were destroyed somewhere near Brazil.Passage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.The $11 billion self-help industry is built on the idea that you should turn negative thoughts like I never do anything right into positive ones like I can succeed. But was positive thinking advocate Norman Vincent Peale right? Is there power in positive thinking?Researchers in Canada just published a study in the journal Psychological Science that says trying to get people to think more positively can actually have the opposite effect: it can simply highlight how unhappy they are.The studys authors, Joanne Wood and John Lee of the University of Waterloo and Elaine Perunovic of the University of New Brunswick, begin by citing older research showing that when people get feedback which they believe is overly positive, they actually feel worse, not better. If you tell your dim friend that he has the potential of an Einstein, youre just underlining his faults. In one1990s experiment, a team including psychologist Joel Cooper of Princeton asked participants to write essays opposing funding for the disabled. When the essayists were later praised for their sympathy, they felt even worse about what they had written.In this experiment, Wood, Lee and Perunovic measured 68 students self-esteem. The participants were then asked to write down their thoughts and feelings for four minutes. Every 15 seconds, one group of students heard a bell. When it rang, they were supposed to tell themselves, I am lovable.Those with low self-esteem didnt feel better after the forced self-affirmation. In fact, their moods turned significantly darker than those of members of the control group, who werent urged to think positive thoughts.The paper provides support for newer forms of psychotherapy (心理治療) that urge people toaccept their negative thoughts and feelings rather than fight them. In the fighting, we not only often fail but can make things worse. Meditation (靜思) techniques, in contrast, can teach people to puttheir shortcomings into a larger, more realistic perspective. Call it the power of negative thinking.注意：此部分試題請在答題卡 2 上作答。62. What do we learn from the first paragraph about the self-help industry17A) It is a highly profitable industry.B) It is based on the concept of positive thinking. C) It was established by Norman Vincent Peale. D) It has yielded positive results.63. What is the finding of the Canadian researchers?A) Encouraging positive thinking many do more harm than good. B) There can be no simple therapy for psychological problems.C) Unhappy people cannot think positi