小學三四年級英語語法匯總數(shù)人稱物主代詞反身代詞主格賓格所有格,形容詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞單數(shù)第一人稱我Imemyminemyself第二人稱你youyouyouryoursyourself第三人稱他hehimhishishimself她sheherherhersherself它itititsitsitself復數(shù)第一人稱我們weusouroursourselves第二人稱你們youyouyouryoursyourselves第三人稱他們,她們,它們theythemtheirtheirsthemselves一、 陳述句定義:是用來陳述一件事情或表示一種看法，可分為肯定句和否定句兩種形式。 1、謂語動詞是be動詞,助動詞do/have/has,情態(tài)動詞can等時，只要直接在這些詞后面加not就構成否定形式。 eg. Lily has already read this new book. (改為否定句) Lily _ _ this new book _. 2、謂語動詞是行為動詞而又沒有助動詞或情態(tài)動詞時，必須在謂語動詞前加助動詞，一般現(xiàn)在時加助動詞do ，第三人稱單數(shù)加does，一般過去時加did，再和not構成否定結構。必須指出的是：dont, doesnt, didnt后都用動詞原形。 eg.1)Jill has lunch at school every day. (改為否定句) Jill _ _ lunch at school every day. 2)The children had a good time at the party. (改為否定句) The children _ _ a good time at the party. 3)Rose didnt drink any milk this morning.（改為肯定句) Rose _ _ milk this morning. 二、 疑問句定義:是用來提出問題的句子。 常用疑問詞: 疑問詞意思用法What time什么時間問具體時間,如幾點鐘Who誰問人Whose誰的問主人Where在哪里問地點What什么問東西、事物What colour(color)什么顏色問顏色How old多大年紀問年紀How many多少數(shù)量(可數(shù)名詞)問數(shù)量How much多少錢;多少數(shù)量(不可數(shù)名詞)問多少錢或數(shù)量(不可數(shù))A.一般疑問句：以be動詞, have /has/do等助動詞、can/may等情態(tài)動詞開頭，以yes或no來回答的問句。 它的基本結構是：Be/Have/Has/Did等助動詞（包括情態(tài)動詞）主語謂語（包括表語）.？回答常用簡略回答。 1、謂語動詞是be動詞、助動詞、情態(tài)動詞時，只要直接把這些詞置于句首，句末改成問號。 eg. Theres something wrong with his bike.（改成疑問句） _ _ _ wrong with his bike? 2、謂語動詞是行為動詞時，必須在句首加上助動詞Do、Does（三單）、Did（過去式）加上這些助動詞后，句子中謂語動詞必須用原形。 eg. 1)Edison built a science lab himself when he was ten. （改成疑問句） _ Edison _ a science lab himself when he was ten？ 2)Those Japanese like Chinese food.（改成疑問句） _ those Japanese _ Chinese food? 注意：在把肯定句改成否定句或一般疑問句的時候,要注意句中是否有already、some、something、somebody等詞，如果有也必須進行改變，already要改成yet，some、something、somebody等分別改成any、anything、anybody等。另外，在改成否定句的時候注意把too改成either,both改成neither,all改成none等.在改成一般疑問句的時候，常常把第一人稱I、we改成第二人稱you。 B.特殊疑問句：以疑問代詞或疑問副詞開頭，提出疑問的句子。 它的基本結構是：特殊疑問詞一般疑問句語序。但是如果疑問詞在句子中作主語或作主語的定語，就用特殊疑問詞陳述句語序。常用的疑問詞有：what, who(whom), whose,which,when,where,how,why等，回答時針對問句中的代詞和副詞來回答，不用yes或no來回答。 1)對指物名詞或謂語動詞提出疑問，疑問詞用what The twins were making a kite when their mother came in. （劃線提問） _ _ the twins _ when their mother came in? Mrs Turner asked her son to buy some eggs for supper. （劃線提問） _ _ Mrs Turner ask her son _ _? 2)對名詞前定語提出疑問，疑問詞應用which，而且必須和名詞連用。 Im going to take the shirt on the right.（劃線提問） _ _ are you going to take? 3)對指人名詞或代詞提問用who，作賓語時提問用whom。 4)對物主代詞和名詞所有格提問用whose。 5)對具體時間提出疑問，如 in the morning,last Sunday等，疑問詞用when；對具體幾點鐘提問，疑問詞應用what time。 6)對具體地點提出疑問，疑問詞應用where。 The pupils are having a picnic at the foot of the hill. （劃線提問） _ _ the pupils having a picnic? 7)對表原因的從句提問，常見的有because引導的從句，疑問詞應用why。 Xiao Cheng didnt go to the farm with us because he was ill. （劃線提問） _ _ Xiao Cheng go to the farm with us? 8)對方式或程度等提出疑問，用疑問詞How。 9)對數(shù)量提出疑問，疑問詞為How many，要注意how many必須跟名詞的復數(shù)形式。 eg. two hundred birdsHow many birds 10)對價格提出疑問，疑問詞用How much。 eg. I paid fifty yuan for the sweater. _ _ did you pay for the sweater? 11)對時間長度提出疑問，疑問詞應用How long。 eg. Ive worked in that factory for two years. （劃線提問） _ _ _ you worked in that factory? 12)對時間頻率，如 once a year, twice a week等提問，疑問詞用How often。 13)對具體次數(shù)，如 once, twice, three times等提問，疑問詞用How many times。 14)對in一段時間提問，疑問詞一般用How soon。 eg. Jane and her brother will finish the work in two hours. （劃線提問） _ _ _ Jane and her brother finish the work? 15)對距離提出疑問，疑問詞用How far。 eg. Its about two kilometres from here to the country.（劃線提問） _ _ _ _ from here to the country? 16)另外，對日期、星期、天氣等提出疑問，則分別用 Whats the date? What day is it ? 如果是過去時間，就用was代替is。 Whats the weather like? 思考題 1) The workers visited the factory already.（改成否定句、一般疑問句） The worker _ _ the factory _. _ the worker _ the factory _? 2)Both of his parents are workers.（改成否定句） _ of his parents _ a worker. 3)He went to the park with his sister.（劃線提問） _ _ _ he go to the park? 4)We really enjoyed working on the farm.（劃線提問） What _ you really enjoy _? 5)She writes to her parents once a week.（劃線提問） _ _ _ she write to her parents? 6)Our P.E teacher has been at this school since he came.（劃線提問） _ _ _ our P.E teacher been at this school? 三、時態(tài)1、一般現(xiàn)在時 一般現(xiàn)在時的功能1).表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：The sky is blue.天空是藍色的。2).表示經(jīng)常性或習慣性的動作。如：I get up at six every day.我天天六點起床。3).表示客觀現(xiàn)實。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。一般現(xiàn)在時的構成：1). be動詞：主語be(am,is,are)其它。如：I am a boy.我是一個男孩。2).行為動詞：主語行為動詞(其它)。如：We study English.我們學習英