,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),GrammarI,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)I.Formation:have（has）+過(guò)去分詞(done),注意特殊動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),GrammarI,II：Usage:1。表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果,例如Ihavejustcleanedmyhands.我剛洗過(guò)手。（“洗手”是發(fā)生在過(guò)去的動(dòng)作，對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果是“手干凈了”）Ihavejusthadmybreakfast.(對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響：不餓),現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),GrammarI,2。表示過(guò)去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，也可以表示可能繼續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。通常和for（段時(shí)間）,since（點(diǎn)時(shí)間）引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用.以及sofar,bynow,thesedays,inthelast/pasttenyears等連用。Ihavelivedhereforovertenyears.Hehasstudiedheresince2006.,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),GrammarI,He_footballregularlyformanyyearswhenhewasyoung.（2008天津卷）A.wasplayingB.playedC.hasplayedD.hadplayed2.-YouspeakverygoodFrench!Thanks.I_FrenchinSichuanUniversityforfouryears.（2009四川卷)A.studiedB.studyC.wasstudyingD.hadstudied*注意點(diǎn)一：句中有時(shí)間的段未必要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí).,B,A,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),GrammarI,RightorWrong？Hehaslefthome.Hehaslefthomefor20days.Ihaveboughtthecarforthreeyears.Ihavereceivedhisletterforamonth.Ihaventreceivedhisletterforamonth.*注意點(diǎn)二:終止性動(dòng)詞有完成時(shí),但不能帶時(shí)間的段.非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的否定形式可以與表示延續(xù)時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。,（）,（）,（）,（）,（）,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),GrammarI,Howtosolvetheproblem？狀態(tài)可以延續(xù)a.這部車我買了三年了.b.他離家兩個(gè)星期了.c.他入伍六年了.Ihavehadthecarforthreeyears.b.Hehasbeenawayfromhomefortwoweeks.c.Hehasbeenasoldier(inarmy)forsixyears.,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),GrammarI,2.用句型:Itis+時(shí)間的段+since從句(從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是終止性動(dòng)詞)a.這部車我買了三年了.b.他離家兩個(gè)星期了.c.他入伍六年了.a.ItisthreeyearssinceIboughtthecar.b.Itistwoweekssincehelefthome.c.Itissixyearssincehejoinedthearmy.,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),GrammarI,Edward,youplaysowell.ButI_youplayedthepiano.(2009全國(guó)I)A.didntknowB.hadntknownC.dontknowD.haventknown,A,他父親去世已經(jīng)五年了。Hisfatherdiedfiveyearsago.Hisfatherhasbeendeadforfiveyears.Its/hasbeenfiveyearssincehisfatherdied.他自從去年就對(duì)科學(xué)產(chǎn)生了興趣。Hebecameinterestedinsciencelastyear.Hehasbeeninterestedinsciencesincelastyear.Its/hasbeenoneyearsincehebecameinterestedinscience,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),GrammarI,-Where_therecorder?Icantseeitanywhere.-I_itrighthere.Butnowitsgone.haveyouput,puthadyouput,putC.didyouput,haveputD.wereyouputting,haveput,A,*注意點(diǎn)三:一般過(guò)去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響,跟現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系.一般過(guò)去時(shí)只表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài).,現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),GrammarI,A:Haveyouseenthefilm?B:Yes,Ihave.A:Whendidyouseeit?B:Isawitlastyear.,答案：D解析：上文說(shuō)沒(méi)聽(tīng)清是幾號(hào)回來(lái)。而下文則說(shuō)很抱歉我沒(méi)說(shuō)清楚。根據(jù)句意我們只能選didntmake或者h(yuǎn)aventmade.那落在選項(xiàng)中我們只能選擇D。,-Imsorry,butIdontquitefollowyou.DidyousayyouwantedtoreturnonSeptember20?-Sorry,Imyselfclear.WewanttoreturnonOctober20.（2010年北京卷）hadntmadewouldntmakedontmakehaventmade,EveryyearafloodoffarmersarriveinShenzhenforthemoney-makingjobstheybeforeleavingtheirhometowns.（2010年福建卷）promisedwerepromisedhavepromisedhavebeenpromised,答案：D?？疾楝F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：每年大量的農(nóng)民涌入深圳，為了離開家鄉(xiāng)前被許諾的賺錢的工作。,（2010年江西卷）Motherwantedtobeagoodprovider,aroleshe_sincehermarriagetoFather.A.shouldersB.shoulderedC.isshoulderingD.hasbeenshouldering答案：?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)。在本句since表示自從過(guò)去到現(xiàn)在,所以用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的一種。,（2010年重慶卷）Thebookhasbeentranslatedintothirtylanguagessinceitonthemarketin1973.A.hadcomeB.hascomeC.cameD.comes答案：C。考查時(shí)態(tài)。since引導(dǎo)的從句作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，主句通常用完成時(shí)，而從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，所以選C項(xiàng)。,（2010年湖南卷）Imtiredout.IallafternoonandIdontseemtohavefinishedanything.A.shoppedB.haveshoppedC.hadshoppedD.havebeenshopping,答案：D。查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：我現(xiàn)在很累。我整個(gè)下午一直在購(gòu)物，我好像什么事都沒(méi)做成似的。,（2010年遼寧卷）Joseph_toeveningclassessincelastmonth,buthestillcantsay“Whatsyourname?”inRussian.AhasbeengoingBwentCgoesDhasgone,答案：A。句意：約瑟夫自從上個(gè)月就一直去夜校，可是他仍然不能用俄語(yǔ)說(shuō)“你叫什么名字？”解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)。句中sincelastmonth，表示“自從上個(gè)月起”根據(jù)but后的句意，說(shuō)明動(dòng)作從過(guò)去發(fā)生到現(xiàn)在一直在進(jìn)行著，所以要用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。,（2010年山東卷）Uptonow,theprogram_thousandsofchildrenwhowouldotherwisehavedied.A.wouldsaveB.savesC.hadsavedD.hassaved,答案:D?？疾閯?dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的用法。句意應(yīng)為“截止到現(xiàn)在，這個(gè)項(xiàng)目已經(jīng)挽救了成千上萬(wàn)的本來(lái)會(huì)死去的孩子的生命?！眜ptonow是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的標(biāo)志，所以空格處使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。,一Whenshallwerestartourbusiness?一NotuntilweourplanAwillfinishBarefinishingCaretofinishDhavefinished/finish,答案：D。考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。在狀語(yǔ)從句中，經(jīng)常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)時(shí)，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表將來(lái)完成時(shí)。此處為until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句表將來(lái)完成，故用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。意為“直到我們完成我們的計(jì)劃，我們才重新開始我們的生意。”,（2010浙江卷）Formanyyears,peopleelectriccars.However,makingthemhasbeenmoredifficultthanpredicted.AhaddreamedofBhavedreamedofCdreamedofDdreamof,答案：B?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)。句意：許多年來(lái)，人們都一直夢(mèng)想著電動(dòng)汽車。然而，制造它們比想象要難得多。由此，推斷此處的夢(mèng)想從過(guò)去到現(xiàn)在，并由此延伸。目前，市場(chǎng)上已經(jīng)有了電動(dòng)汽車，所以應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。,(2010年四川卷)Weonthisprojectforfourhours.Letshavearest.A.areworkingB.havebeenworkingC.workedD.hadworked答案：B.考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：我們?cè)谶@項(xiàng)工程上一直工作了四個(gè)小時(shí)了。咱們休息一會(huì)。從句子的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)forfourhours和后面的句子Letshavearest可知，動(dòng)作從過(guò)去發(fā)生，到說(shuō)話的時(shí)候一直在進(jìn)行著，所以此處要用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。,（2010江蘇卷）Why,Jack,youlooksotired!Well,I_thehouseandImustfinishtheworktomorrow.A.waspaintingB.willbepaintingC.havepaintedD.havebeenpainting答案：D。我給房子上油漆一直進(jìn)行到現(xiàn)在，而且到明天才會(huì)完成。所以用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。,Sofarthisyearwe_afallinhousepricesbybetween5and10percent.（2008福建卷）A.sawB.seeC.hadseenD.haveseen,D,2.-Whatisthepriceofpetrolthesedays-Oh,it_sharplysincelastmonth.(09江西卷)A.israisedB.hasrisenC.hasarisenD.isincreased3.IliketheseEnglishsongsandthey_manytimesontheradio.（2008安徽卷）A.taughtB.havetaughtC.aretaughtD.havebeentaught,B,D,4.ThepopulationofJiangs