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CHEMISTRYNAME_UNIT13ACIDSANDBASESPERIOD_SECTION191ACIDBASETHEORIESPAGES587593PROPERTIESOFACIDSANDBASESPAGES5875881CIRCLETHELETTERSOFALLTHETERMSTHATCOMPLETETHESENTENCECORRECTLYTHEPROPERTIESOFACIDSINCLUDEAREACTINGWITHMETALSTOPRODUCEOXYGENBGIVINGFOODSASOURTASTECFORMINGSOLUTIONSTHATCONDUCTELECTRICITYDCAUSINGINDICATORSTOCHANGECOLOR2BASESARECOMPOUNDSTHATREACTWITHACIDSTOFORM_ANDAN_3CIRCLETHELETTERSOFALLTHETERMSTHATCOMPLETETHESENTENCECORRECTLYTHEPROPERTIESOFBASESINCLUDEATASTINGBITTERBFEELINGSLIPPERYCCHANGINGTHECOLOROFANINDICATORDALWAYSACTINGASASTRONGELECTROLYTEBRNSTEDLOWRYACIDSANDBASESPAGES5905924HOWDOESTHEBRNSTEDLOWRYTHEORYDEFINEACIDSANDBASES_5ISTHEFOLLOWINGSENTENCETRUEORFALSESOMEOFTHEACIDSANDBASESINCLUDEDINTHEARRHENIUSTHEORYARENOTACIDSANDBASESACCORDINGTOTHEBRNSTEDLOWRYTHEORY_6ISTHEFOLLOWINGSENTENCETRUEORFALSEACONJUGATEACIDISTHEPARTICLEFORMEDWHENABASEGAINSAHYDROGENION_7ACONJUGATE_ISTHEPARTICLETHATREMAINSWHENANACIDHASDONATEDAHYDROGENION8WHATISACONJUGATEACIDBASEPAIR_9ASUBSTANCETHATCANACTASBOTHANACIDANDABASEISSAIDTOBE_10INAREACTIONWITHHCL,ISWATERANACIDORABASE_SECTION192HYDROGENIONSANDACIDITYPAGES594604HYDROGENIONSFROMWATERPAGES5945951WHATDOESAWATERMOLECULETHATLOSESAHYDROGENIONBECOME_2WHATDOESAWATERMOLECULETHATGAINSAHYDROGENIONBECOME_3THEREACTIONINWHICHWATERMOLECULESPRODUCEIONSISCALLEDTHE_OFWATER4INWATERORAQUEOUSSOLUTION,_AREALWAYSJOINEDTO_ASHYDRONIUMIONSH3O5ISTHEFOLLOWINGSENTENCETRUEORFALSEANYAQUEOUSSOLUTIONINWHICHHANDOHAREEQUALISDESCRIBEDASANEUTRALSOLUTION_IONPRODUCTCONSTANTFORWATERPAGES5955966WHATISTHEIONPRODUCTCONSTANTFORWATERKWGIVETHEDEFINITION,THEEXPRESSION,ANDTHEVALUE_7AN_SOLUTIONISONEINWHICHHISGREATERTHANOHAN_SOLUTIONISONEINWHICHHISLESSTHANOH8MATCHTHETYPEOFSOLUTIONWITHITSHYDROGENIONCONCENTRATION_ACIDICALESSTHAN10X107M_NEUTRALBGREATERTHAN10X107M_BASICC10X107MTHEPHCONCEPTPAGES5966009THE_OFASOLUTIONISTHENEGATIVELOGARITHMOFTHEHYDROGENIONCONCENTRATION10MATCHTHETYPEOFSOLUTIONWITHITSPH_ACIDICAPH70_NEUTRALBPH70_BASICCPH7011LOOKATTABLE195ONPAGE598WHATISTHEAPPROXIMATEH,THEOH,ANDTHEPHOFWASHINGSODA_12THEPOHOFASOLUTIONISTHENEGATIVELOGARITHMOFTHE_CONCENTRATION13WHATISTHEPOHOFANEUTRALSOLUTION_14FORPHCALCULATIONS,INWHATFORMSHOULDYOUEXPRESSTHEHYDROGENIONCONCENTRATION_15ISTHEFOLLOWINGSENTENCETRUEORFALSEMOSTPHVALUESAREWHOLENUMBERS_16IFHISWRITTENINSCIENTIFICNOTATIONBUTITSCOEFFICIENTISNOT1,WHATDOYOUNEEDTOCALCULATEPH_17ISTHEFOLLOWINGSENTENCETRUEORFALSEYOUCANCALCULATETHEHYDROGENIONCONCENTRATIONOFASOLUTIONIFYOUKNOWTHEPH_MEASURINGPHPAGES60060318WHENDOYOUUSEINDICATORSANDWHENDOYOUUSEAPHMETERTOMEASUREPH_19WHYISANINDICATORAVALUABLETOOLFORMEASURINGPH_20WHYDOYOUNEEDMANYDIFFERENTINDICATORSTOSPANTHEENTIREPHSPECTRUM_21WHATISTHEPHOFEACHOFTHEFOLLOWINGSOLUTIONSAWATER_BVINEGAR_CMILKOFMAGNESIA_SECTION193STRENGTHSOFACIDSANDBASESPAGES605611STRONGANDWEAKACIDSANDBASESPAGES6056091WHATFACTORISUSEDTOCLASSIFYACIDSASSTRONGORWEAK_2STRONGACIDSARE_IONIZEDINAQUEOUSSOLUTIONWEAKACIDSIONIZE_INAQUEOUSSOLUTION3LOOKATTABLE196ONPAGE605WHICHACIDISTHEWEAKESTACIDINTHETABLE_WHICHBASEISTHEWEAKESTBASE_4WHATDOYOUUSETOWRITETHEEQUILIBRIUMCONSTANTEXPRESSION_5ANACIDDISSOCIATIONCONSTANTKAISTHERATIOOFTHECONCENTRATIONOFTHE_FORMOFANACIDTOTHECONCENTRATIONOFTHE_FORM6WHATISANOTHERNAMEFORDISSOCIATIONCONSTANTS_7ISTHEFOLLOWINGSENTENCETRUEORFALSETHESTRONGERANACIDIS,THESMALLERITSKAVALUE_8ADIPROTICACIDHAS_DISSOCIATIONCONSTANTS9LOOKATTABLE197ONPAGE607WHATISTHESECONDDISSOCIATIONCONSTANTFORTHETRIPROTICPHOSPHORICACID_10WEAKBASESREACTWITHWATERTOFORMTHEHYDROXIDEIONANDTHE_OFTHEBASE11ABASEDISSOCIATIONCONSTANTKBISTHERATIOOFTHECONCENTRATIONOFTHE_TIMESTHECONCENTRATIONOFTHEHYDROXIDEIONTOTHECONCENTRATIONOFTHE_12WHATDOESTHEMAGNITUDEOFTHEBASEDISSOCIATIONCONSTANTKBINDICATE_13THEWORDSCONCENTRATEDANDDILUTEINDICATEHOWMUCHACIDORBASEIS_INSOLUTION14ISTHEFOLLOWINGSENTENCETRUEORFALSETHEWORDSSTRONGORWEAKREFERTOTHEEXTENTOFIONIZATIONORDISSOCIATIONOFANACIDORBASE_CALCULATINGDISSOCIATIONCONSTANTSPAGES60961015ISTHEFOLLOWINGSENTENCETRUEORFALSEYOUCANCALCULATETHEACIDDISSOCIATIONCONSTANTKAOFAWEAKACIDFROMEXPERIMENTALDATA_SECTION194NEUTRALIZATIONREACTIONSPAGES612616ACIDBASEREACTIONSPAGES6126131ISTHEFOLLOWINGSENTENCETRUEORFALSEACIDSREACTWITHCOMPOUNDSCONTAININGHYDROXIDEIONSTOFORMWATERANDASALT_2WHATDOESTHEREACTIONOFANACIDWITHABASEPRODUCE_3INGENERAL,REACTIONSINWHICHANACIDANDABASEREACTINANAQUEOUSSOLUTIONTOPRODUCEASALTANDWATERARECALLED_REACTIONS4LOOKATTABLE199ONPAGE613CIRCLETHELETTEROFTHESALTTHATISUSEDFORPHOTOGRAPHICEMULSIONSACALCIUMCHLORIDEBPOTASSIUMCHLORIDECSILVERBROMIDEDSODIUMCHLORIDE5SALTSARECOMPOUNDSCONSISTINGOFAN_FROMANACIDANDAN_FROMABASETITRATIONPAGES6136166HOWCANYOUDETERMINETHECONCENTRATIONOFANACIDORBASEINASOLUTION_7THEPROCESSOFADDINGAKNOWNAMOUNTOFSOLUTIONOFKNOWNCONCENTRATIONTODETERMINETHECONCENTRATIONOFANOTHERSOLUTIONISCALLED_8WHATISTHESOLUTIONOFKNOWNCONCENTRATIONCALLED_GUIDEDPRACTICEPROBLEMSEXTRAPRACTICEPROBLEMSIMILARTOPRACTICEPROBLEM13,PAGE6001FINDTHEVALUEOFOHFORASOLUTIONWITHAPHOF800GUIDEDPRACTICEPROBLEM2PAGE6012CALCULATETHEPHOFTHISSOLUTIONH83X1010MGUIDEDPRACTICEPROBLEM3PAGE6103FORASOLUTIONOFMETHANOICACIDHCOOHORCH2O2EXACTL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