1、第24講代詞和連詞代詞【名題實(shí)戰(zhàn)】1sam and henry play football very well.we hope _b_ of them can join our team.(2014，重慶)aall bboth cevery dsome2excuse me，may i use your bicycle？_d_ is broken.certainly.but remember to return it before lunch.(2014，南京)ai bme cmyself dmine3your english is very good.who taught you?_c_i l

2、earned it all by myself.(2014，襄陽)asomebody beverybody cnobody danybody4we have made _b_ a rule to read aloud in the morning.(2014，遂寧)athis bit cthat5susan，go and join your sister in cleaning the yard.why _b_？john is sitting there doing nothing at all.(2014，黃岡)ai bme cmyself dmine【考點(diǎn)梳理】中考對(duì)代詞考查的重點(diǎn)有：1人

3、稱代詞和物主代詞的用法；2it，one(s)，that，those等作替代詞的用法；3指示代詞，疑問代詞，反身代詞的用法；4不定代詞的用法。尤其是all，both，either，neither，none，another，the other，some，others，the others等用法。高頻考向一人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞1人稱代詞有人稱、數(shù)和格的變化；人稱代詞有主格和賓格之分。通常主格用作主語，賓格用作賓語，這一考點(diǎn)成為了考查代詞的主要形式之一，并且越來越受到各地的歡迎。具體變化見下表：人稱格數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)主格賓格主格賓格第一人稱i(我)me(我)we(我們)us(我們)第二人稱you(你

4、)you(你)you(你們)you(你們)第三人稱he(他)him(他)she(她)her(她)it(它)it(它)they(他/她/它們)them(他/她/它們)注：人稱代詞作并列主語的排列順序：單數(shù)形式：you and i；you，he and i；復(fù)數(shù)形式：we and you；we and they；we，you and they。但承擔(dān)責(zé)任時(shí)總是第一人稱在前。及物動(dòng)詞和介詞之后的人稱代詞要用賓格，尤其要注意并列賓語。2表示所有關(guān)系的代詞叫物主代詞。物主代詞分形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞，有人稱和數(shù)之分。具體見下表：類型詞義人稱數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)一二三一二三我的你的他的她的它的我們的你們的

5、他們的形容詞性物主代詞myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名詞性物主代詞mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs形容詞性物主代詞的作用相當(dāng)于形容詞，可在句中作定語。名詞性物主代詞的作用相當(dāng)于名詞，在句中可用作主語、賓語和表語。如：my books are on the desk.where is yours?我的書在桌子上，你的書在哪里？3反身代詞是人稱代詞的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式，一般用在賓語和主語是同一個(gè)人的情況下，或用來強(qiáng)調(diào)某人親自怎樣。單數(shù)后加­self，復(fù)數(shù)后加­selves；不定代詞one也有反身代詞oneself。英語中用來表示

6、“我自己”，“你自己”，“他自己”，“我們自己”，“你們自己”等意義的代詞稱為反身代詞，有人稱和數(shù)的變化。反身代詞可以在句中作賓語，表語，同位語。具體變化見下表：數(shù)人稱第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單數(shù)myselfyourselfhimselfherselfitself復(fù)數(shù)ourselvesyourselvesthemselves反身代詞的常見搭配：enjoy oneself玩得高興，過得愉快hurt oneself傷著自己teach oneself learnby oneself自學(xué)(all) by oneself (完全)獨(dú)立地help oneself to請自便，隨便吃look after o

7、neself自理，照顧自己leave one by oneself把單獨(dú)留下lose oneself in陶醉于，沉浸于【例1】 jeff and i are going to shanghai this weekend.my brother will drive _ there.(2014，綿陽)ait byou cus dthem解析：動(dòng)詞drive后跟人稱代詞賓格作賓語。由語境可知句意為“我哥哥將帶我們?nèi)ツ抢铩?。答案：_c_【例2】 this is _ school bag._ is on the desk.(2014，賀州)ayour；mine byours；minecmy；you d

8、your；my解析：第一個(gè)空在句中作定語，修飾后面的名詞school bag，故用形容詞性的物主代詞；第二個(gè)空在句中作主語，且后面不能接名詞，故應(yīng)用名詞性物主代詞。答案：_a_【例3】 peter and kate went to the dancing party last night.they enjoyed _.(2014，綏化)amyself bthemselvescherself解析：考查反身代詞。由語境可知句意為“他們玩得很高興”。答案：_b_高頻考向二不定代詞1普通不定代詞的用法some與anysome和any均表示“一些”，既可修飾可數(shù)名詞，也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞。some一般用于

9、肯定句中，any多用于疑問句、否定句和條件句中。但在疑問句中，當(dāng)表示說話人希望得到肯定回答或表達(dá)請求、建議時(shí)應(yīng)用some。many與muchmany修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，還可以與表示程度的副詞so，too，as，how連用。much修飾不可數(shù)名詞，也可以與表示程度的副詞so，too，as，how連用。either與neithereither指兩個(gè)人或物中的一個(gè)；neither指兩個(gè)人或物中一個(gè)也不，常構(gòu)成固定搭配either/neither of名詞/代詞的復(fù)數(shù)謂語動(dòng)詞(第三人稱單數(shù)形式)；當(dāng)either.or.和neither.nor.連接兩個(gè)主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與離它最近的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一

10、致。both與allboth表示“兩者都”，常與and連用；all指“三者或三者以上都”，常與of連用。each與everyeach和every都表示“每一個(gè)”。each強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體，當(dāng)它作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；every強(qiáng)調(diào)整體情況；修飾名詞時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞也要用單數(shù)形式。另外，each可指兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的人或物，而every只可指三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的人或物。(a) few與(a) little(a) few和(a) little具有名詞或形容詞的性質(zhì)，在句中可作主語、賓語、定語等。(a) few與可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)連用；(a) little與不可數(shù)名詞連用。few和little表示否定，指“幾乎沒有”，

11、在反意疑問句中尤其要注意；a few和a little指“有一些”，相當(dāng)于some。other，the other，others與anotherother作形容詞，意為“別的，其他的”，常用在單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)名詞的前面；the other表示已知兩個(gè)人或事物中的另外一個(gè)，表示特指，常與one連用；others表示泛指，意為“其他的人或物”，常用于some.，others.結(jié)構(gòu)中；the others表示特指，意為“其他的人或物”；another表示三者或三者以上的另外一個(gè)。2復(fù)合不定代詞的用法在反意疑問句中，當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是指人的復(fù)合不定代詞，如everybody，nobody，anyone等時(shí)，

12、疑問部分的主語通常用代詞they；當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是指物的復(fù)合不定代詞，如everything，anything，something，nothing等時(shí)，疑問部分的主語通常用代詞it。當(dāng)形容詞或else修飾復(fù)合不定代詞something，everything，everyone等時(shí)，形容詞或else必須放在這些詞的后面。everyone的意思等同于everybody，只能指人；every one既可指人也可指物，還可以和of連用。【例4】 your tea smells great！(2013，蘇州)it's from india.would you like _？ait bthis c

13、some dlittle解析：根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容可知，是向?qū)Ψ教峁┖鹊臇|西，并希望得到肯定回答。答案：_c_【例5】 we need to go shopping.there is _ juice left in the fridge.(2013，鞍山)alittle bfew cmany dmuch解析：few，many修飾可數(shù)名詞；little，much修飾不可數(shù)名詞。果汁為不可數(shù)名詞，且句意為“冰箱里幾乎沒有果汁了”，表否定。答案：_a_【例6】i made a call to my parents yesterday，but _ of them answered it.(2014，泰安)ae

14、ither bnone cneither dnobody解析：由句意“昨天我給父母打電話了，但是他們一個(gè)人都沒有接”可知，兩者都沒接。答案：_c_【例7】 it snowed heavily last night.is everyone in our class here today?yes，and _ of us was late for school this morning.(2013，襄陽)anone bneither call deither解析：由句意可知“都來了，沒有一個(gè)人遲到”，表示三者或三者以上都不。答案：_a_【例8】 is new zealand a big countr

15、y?no，new zealand only has two islands.one is north island，_ is south island.(2013，涼山)aother bthe other canother解析：表示兩者中的另外一個(gè)，常用one.，the other.結(jié)構(gòu)。答案：_b_【例9】look！the clock has stopped.maybe there's _ wrong with it.(2014，北京)aeverything bsomethingcanything dnothing解析：anything一般用于否定句和疑問句中，故排除c；everyt

16、hing一切；nothing沒有什么。由句意“看！鐘已經(jīng)停了。可能它有一些毛病”可知，應(yīng)選something。答案：_b_高頻考向三指示代詞指示代詞包括：this，that，these，those。this和these一般用來指在時(shí)間或空間上較近的事物或人，that和those則指在時(shí)間或空間上較遠(yuǎn)的事物或人。有時(shí)that和those指前面講到過的事物，this和these則是指下面將要講到的事物。如：i had a cold.that's why i didn't come.有時(shí)為了避免重復(fù)提到的名詞，?？捎胻hat或those代替。如：television sets mad

17、e in beijing are just as good as those made in shanghai.this在電話用語中代表自己，that則代表對(duì)方。如：hello！this is mary.is that jack speaking?【例10】 hello，is that betty speaking?yes._.(2013，錦州)athis is betty bi'm bettycyou are betty dthat's betty解析：電話用語中用this is.表達(dá)“我是”。答案：_a_高頻考向四疑問代詞、關(guān)系代詞疑問代詞有who，whom，whose，w

18、hat和which等。疑問代詞用于特殊疑問句中，一般都放在句首，并在句子中作為某一句子成分。如：who is going to come here tomorrow？(作主語)what is that？(作表語)whose umbrella is this？(作定語)whom are you waiting for？(作賓語)疑問代詞與關(guān)系代詞疑問代詞通常位于句首，引出特殊疑問句。關(guān)系代詞用來引導(dǎo)賓語從句，或定語從句。what不能用在定語從句中充當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞，但that可用在定語從句中作關(guān)系代詞。賓語從句中的關(guān)系代詞與疑問代詞一致。無論是疑問代詞還是關(guān)系代詞，which和what所指范圍不同。w

19、hat所指的范圍是無限的，而which則指在一定范圍內(nèi)。如：which books do you like best？你最喜歡哪幾本書？what books do you like best？你最喜歡什么樣的書？whom是who的賓格，在口語中作賓語時(shí)，也可用who代替，但在介詞后只能用whom。如：who(m) did you meet on the street？你在街上遇到誰了？for whom are you waiting？你在等誰？【例11】i really like the photo of my family _ my sister took in the city park

20、last year.(2014，紹興)awhich bwho cwhat dwhom解析：考查定語從句，先行詞the photo指物，且在從句中作賓語，故應(yīng)該用which。答案：_a_【例12】 _ is that man over there?he's my uncle.(2013，南充)awhat bwho cwhose解析：詢問人且在句中作主語。答案：_b_一、單項(xiàng)選擇。1aunt tina will visit us soon._b_ is arriving tomorrow morning.(2014，重慶)ahe bshe chis dher2my sister is ol

21、d enough to dress _b_ now.(2014，長沙)ahimself bherself cmyself3alice has a red pen，and the blue one is _c_，too.(2014，成都)ahis bher chers4when shall we swimming，this friday or saturday?_c_ is ok.i'll be free next week.(2014，哈爾濱)aboth beither cneither5bill thought _a_ necessary to work with friends a

22、nd share different ideas.(2014，蘭州)ait bthey cthem dhim6i'll do the washing­up.jack，would you please do the floors？(2014，蘇州)why _d_？susan is sitting there doing nothing.aher bshe ci dme7betty and kitty are twin sisters._b_ mother often dress them in colorful clothes.(2014，吉林)athey btheir cth

23、eirs8our mother earth gives us _d_ we need in our daily life.(2014，臨沂)anobody bnothingceverybody deverything9you can take _c_ of the two toy cars and leave the other for your brother.(2014，安徽)aboth bnone ceither dneither10at present，children mean _a_ to most parents in china.(2014，河南)aeverything bno

24、thingcanything dsomething11everyone knows canada is the second largest country in the world.that is，it is larger than _b_ country in asia.(2014，黃岡)aany bany other cother danother12is your friend michael still in australia?i don't know.i have _b_ information about him because we haven't seen

25、each other for _ years.(2014，隨州)aa little；a few blittle；a fewca few；a little dfew；a little13which is your new neighbour，liu hua?the man _d_ t­shirt is red.(2014，泰安)athat bwho cwhich dwhose二、根據(jù)句意及提示完成單詞。14lucy often learns french by herself (自己) after school.(2014，黔西南)15although neither (兩者都不) o

26、f her parents had gone to college，she was really good at studying.(2014，白銀)16may i use your mobile phone？mine (我的) is at home.(2013，濱州)17boys and girls，did you enjoy yourselves (你們自己) during the vacation？(2013，南充)18his toy is on the bed and hers (她的) is on the desk.(2013，揚(yáng)州)19this shirt doesn't

27、fit me well.can you show me another (另一個(gè)) one？(2013，牡丹江)20i don't know whether the dream can come true，but i will try my (i) best.(2014，云南)21kids，help yourselves (you) to some fruit，it's good for your health.(2014，揚(yáng)州)22i could hardly believe she had made a video about water pollution by hers

28、elf (her)(2013，上海)連詞【名題實(shí)戰(zhàn)】1i really enjoy chinese food!me，too.my mouth was watering _a_ i watched the tv program a bite of china.(2014，湖州)awhenbbefore csincedafter2your dream will come true _a_ you put your heart and soul into it.(2014，泰安)aif bunless calthough duntil3which of the two magazines will

29、you take?i'll take _d_ though i find _ of them are very useful to me.(2014，黃岡)aall；both beither；eitherceither；neither deither；both4diana isn't here，_b_ leave a message on her desk.(2014，河北)aor bso cand dbut5you can't improve your spoken english _b_ you practice it every day from now on.(

30、2014，襄陽)aas soon as bunlesscif dsince【考點(diǎn)梳理】中考對(duì)連詞的考查內(nèi)容主要是連詞的基本用法和一些常見近義連詞的辨析，大多數(shù)情況下是將連詞放在并列句和復(fù)合句中。高頻考向一并列連詞表示平行或承接關(guān)系的：and，both.and.，neither.nor.，not only.but also.，as well as等；表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的：but，yet，while，however等；表示選擇關(guān)系的：or，either.or.，not.but.；表示因果關(guān)系的：for，so等。both.and.連接主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；neither.nor.，not only.

31、but also.，either.or.連接主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞遵循“就近原則”；as well as連接主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞與前面的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。so與because，but與although/though不能同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在一個(gè)句子中，二者只能選其一；and用于肯定句中，or用于否定句或選擇疑問句中?！纠?】 the train was late，_ we had to wait for half an hour.(2013，錦州)abecause bor cso dbut解析：“不得不等半個(gè)小時(shí)”是“火車晚點(diǎn)”的結(jié)果。答案：_c_【例2】don't run in the class

32、room，_ you may hurt yourself.(2014，陜西)aand bor cbut dso解析：由語境可知句意為“不要在教室里跑，否則你可能會(huì)傷到你自己?！贝鸢福篲b_【例3】how do you like the two pairs of shorts?they didn't fit me well.they are _ too long _ too short.(2014，濱州)anot only；but also bboth；andcneither；nor deither；or解析：由答句前半句推知后半句句意為“他們不是太長就是太短”。not only.but

33、 also不但而且；both.and.兩者都；neither.nor.既不也不；either.or.不是就是。答案：_d_高頻考向二從屬連詞從屬連詞是指用于連接各種從句的連詞。引導(dǎo)名詞性從句(主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句、同位語從句)的從屬連詞有that，whether，if (是否)，as if；連接代詞有who，whom，whose，which，what等；連接副詞有when，where，how，why等。引導(dǎo)狀語從句的從屬連詞引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句的連詞有：when，while，as，until/till，as soon as，before，after等。特別提示：while與as只能和延續(xù)性

34、動(dòng)詞連用；若as soon as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中主句用一般將來時(shí)，則從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示一般將來時(shí)。引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句的連詞有so，so that，in order that，in case等。引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句的連詞有：because，as，for，since等。引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的連詞有：so.that，such.that等，so修飾adj.或adv.。such修飾名詞，當(dāng)名詞前面有many，much，few或little修飾時(shí)，應(yīng)用so。引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的連詞有：although，though，however(no matter how)，even if/though等。引導(dǎo)比較狀語從句的

35、連詞有：as，than，as.as，not so/as.as等。引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的連詞有：if，unless，as/so long as等。引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句的連詞有：where，wherever?！纠?】you'd better make a good plan _ you take a holiday.(2013，萊蕪)abefore bduring cuntil dafter解析：由語境可知句意為“在你度假之前最好制定一個(gè)好的計(jì)劃”。before“在之前”；during“在期間”；until“直到為止”；after“在之后”。答案：_a_【例5】talk to your teach

36、er and you will get help _ you have a problem.(2014，臨沂)aunless bif cuntil dso解析：由語境可知句意為“如果你有問題，就去和你的老師說，你將會(huì)獲得幫助”。故應(yīng)用if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。答案：_b_【例6】 may i go to the movies with you?i'm afraid not _ you have a ticket.because i have only one.(2014，益陽)aif bunless cthough解析：由答語后半句“我只有一張票”可推知前句應(yīng)為“我恐怕，你不能，除非你有

37、一張票?！眎f“如果”；unless“除非”；though“盡管；雖然”。答案：_b_【例7】her grandfather lives a simple life _ he has much money.(2014，孝感)abecause bso cthough dif解析：由前半句“他的爺爺過著簡樸的生活”和后半句“他有很多錢”可知，前后在語意上存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故此處應(yīng)用though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。答案：_c_【例8】 tony never spends money on buying books _ he doesn't like reading.(2013，賀州)abut b

38、because cthough duntil解析：but“但是”；because“因?yàn)椤?；though“盡管，雖然”；until“直到”。由前句的意思可知，后面是原因。答案：_b_一、單項(xiàng)選擇。1_b_ i am in trouble，my classmates will help me out.(2014，成都)abefore bwhenever calthough2tim，how do your parents like pop music?_b_ my dad _ my mom likes it.they both prefer classical music.(2014，福州)aeit

39、her；or bneither；norcnot only；but also3we are leaving tomorrow.we will be away _b_ next friday.(2014，威海)afrom buntil con dsince4laura opened the door and rushed into the rain _c_ i could stop her.(2014，濟(jì)寧)auntil bafter cbefore dunless5read this article，_b_ you will understand that not everything can

40、be bought with money.(2014，蘇州)aor band cbut dso6_c_ jeans were invented over 100 years ago，they're in fashion today.(2014，江西)abecause bif calthough dsince7i can hardly believe my eyes.is that you，lucy?yes.it has been almost 20 years _b_ we were together.(2014，黃岡)asince bbefore cafter duntil8will you please give this mes