1、基于單片機的LCD顯示器控制設(shè)計摘要：LCD液晶顯示已經(jīng)是人機界面的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)。本文對基于單片機的LCM液晶顯示模塊控制系統(tǒng)進行了研究。首先在緒論中介紹了本課題的課題背景、研究意義及完成的功能。本系統(tǒng)是以單片機C語言來進行軟件設(shè)計，指令的執(zhí)行速度快，節(jié)省存儲空間。為了便于擴展和更改，軟件的設(shè)計采用模塊化結(jié)構(gòu)，使程序設(shè)計的邏輯關(guān)系更加簡潔明了。使硬件在軟件的控制下協(xié)調(diào)運作。正文中首先簡單描述系統(tǒng)硬件工作原理，且附以系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計框圖，并介紹了單片機微處理器的發(fā)展史，論述了本次畢業(yè)設(shè)計所應(yīng)用的各硬件接口技術(shù)和各個接口模塊的功能及工作過程, 并具體描述了AT89C52：單片機；LMO16L：16

2、5;2字符LCD顯示屏；其次闡述了程序的流程和實現(xiàn)過程。本文撰寫的主導(dǎo)思想是軟、硬件相結(jié)合，以硬件為基礎(chǔ)，來進行各功能模塊的編寫。 關(guān)鍵詞：AT89C52：單片機；LMO16L：16×2字符LCD顯示屏LCD display based on SCM controlAbstract：LCD liquid crystal display is the key technique of the man-machine interface. This paper studied the MCU control system based on LCM liquid crystal displ

3、ay module. The first chapter introduces the subject background of the topic, research significance and function. This system on software design based on C language, the instruction carries out the speed quick, save storage space. In order to facilitate the expansion and the change, the software desi

4、gn uses the modular structure, make the logic relation of program design more concise. The hardware to coordinate the operation under the software control. The text first briefly describe the working principle of the system hardware, and attached to the system hardware design block diagram

5、, and introduces the history of the development of microprocessor, and discusses the function and working process of the graduation design, the application of the hardware interface technology and the interface module, and the concrete description of AT89C52: single chip microcomputer; LMO16L:16 * 2

6、 character LCD display; secondly describes the process flow and implementation process. The main idea of this writing is soft, a combination of hardware, hardware based, prepared to carry out every function module. Finally, I developed with MCULCD LCD control design principle and soft, hardware debu

7、gging in detail.Key words：AT89C52: single chip microcomputer; LMO16L:16 *2 character LCD display目 錄第1章引言11.1課題背景11.2課題的目的和意義11.3實驗預(yù)想結(jié)果及目的1第2章系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計22.1系統(tǒng)流程圖22.2使用元件22.3電路模塊介紹3第3章實驗平臺描述63.1keil2軟件介紹63.2Proteus軟件介紹7第4章程序設(shè)計84.1源程序84.2Proteus仿真12第5章電路仿真13基于單片機的LCD顯示器控制設(shè)計第1章 引言1.1 課題背景隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)的發(fā)展，社會不斷的進步，人

8、們對公共傳媒質(zhì)量的要求越來越高。近幾年來LCD液晶顯示器正走進我們的生活。液晶顯示器以其微功耗、體積小、顯示內(nèi)容豐富、超薄輕巧的諸多優(yōu)點，在袖珍式儀表、液晶彩電、MP3、MP4、手機產(chǎn)品和低功耗應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)中得到越來越廣泛的應(yīng)用。近年來隨著單片機技術(shù)的不斷發(fā)展，單片機的應(yīng)用正在不斷地走向深入，同時帶動傳統(tǒng)控制檢測日新月異地更新。在實時檢測和自動控制的單片機應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)中，單片機往往是作為一個核心部件使用，根據(jù)具體硬件結(jié)構(gòu)以及具體應(yīng)用對象的特點，與軟件相結(jié)合，加以完善。其控制系統(tǒng)已能夠取代復(fù)雜電子線路或數(shù)字電路構(gòu)成的控制系統(tǒng)，單片機以軟件編程來實現(xiàn)電子線路的外圍控制，并能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)智能化。單片機具有集成度高

9、、處理功能強、可靠性高、性能穩(wěn)定等優(yōu)點，在工業(yè)控制、智能儀器儀表、辦公自動化、家用電器等諸多領(lǐng)域得到廣泛的普及和應(yīng)用。1.2 課題的目的和意義LCD液晶顯示已經(jīng)是人機界面的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)。本文對基于單片機的LCM液晶顯示模塊控制系統(tǒng)進行了研究。首先在引言中介紹了本課題的課題背景、研究意義及完成的功能。本系統(tǒng)是以單片機C語言來進行軟件設(shè)計，指令的執(zhí)行速度快，節(jié)省存儲空間。為了便于擴展和更改，軟件的設(shè)計采用模塊化結(jié)構(gòu)，使程序設(shè)計的邏輯關(guān)系更加簡潔明了。使硬件在軟件的控制下協(xié)調(diào)運作。正文中首先簡單描述系統(tǒng)硬件工作原理，且附以系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計框圖，并介紹了單片機微處理器的發(fā)展史，論述了本次畢業(yè)設(shè)計所應(yīng)用的各硬件

10、接口技術(shù)和各個接口模塊的功能及工作過程, 并具體描述了STC89C52、SMC1602A液晶顯示的軟、硬件調(diào)試。其次闡述了程序的流程和實現(xiàn)過程。本文撰寫的主導(dǎo)思想是軟、硬件相結(jié)合，以硬件為基礎(chǔ)，來進行各功能模塊的編寫。最后對我所開發(fā)的用單片機實現(xiàn)LCD液晶顯示器控制原理的設(shè)計思想和軟、硬件調(diào)試作了詳細(xì)的論述。1.3 實驗預(yù)想結(jié)果及目的1. 掌握單片機AT89C52與LM016L的接口技術(shù)。2. 用protues設(shè)計、仿真基于AT89C52單片機的LCD顯示屏的控制實驗。3. 掌握LM016L結(jié)構(gòu)和程序的編寫方法。4. 利用字符型液晶顯示；5. 分別能顯示“dian zi 1101 ban sh

11、ao wen ji”和“Good Good Study Day Day Up”證明能對Led的顯示進行控制第2章 系統(tǒng)硬件設(shè)計2.1 系統(tǒng)流程圖 LCD顯示屏控制程序流程圖如下所示：LCD顯示屏控制程序2.2 使用元件（1） AT89C52：單片機；（2） RES：電阻；（3） LMO16L：16×2字符LCD顯示屏；（4） CAP/CAP-ELEC：電容、電解電容；（5） CRYSTAL：晶振；2.3 電路模塊介紹（1） 單片機模塊 AT89C52：AT89C52是一個低電壓，高性能CMOS 8位單片機，片內(nèi)含8k bytes的可反復(fù)擦寫的Flash只讀程序存儲器和256 byte

12、s的隨機存取數(shù)據(jù)存儲器（RAM），器件采用ATMEL公司的高密度、非易失性存儲技術(shù)生產(chǎn)，兼容標(biāo)準(zhǔn)MCS-51指令系統(tǒng)，片內(nèi)置通用8位中央處理器和Flash存儲單元，功能強大的AT89C52單片機可為您提供許多較復(fù)雜系統(tǒng)控制應(yīng)用場合。AT89C52有40個引腳，32個外部雙向輸入/輸出（I/O）端口，同時內(nèi)含2個外中斷口，3個16位可編程定時計數(shù)器,2個全雙工串行通信口，2個讀寫口線，AT89C52可以按照常規(guī)方法進行編程,但不可以在線編程(S系列的才支持在線編程)。其將通用的微處理器和Flash存儲器結(jié)合在一起，特別是可反復(fù)擦寫的Flash存儲器可有效地降低開發(fā)成本。主要的引腳如下：VCC：供

13、電電壓GND：接地P0口：P0口為一個8位漏級開路雙向I/O口，每腳可吸收8TTL門電流。當(dāng)P1口的管腳第一次寫1時，被定義為高阻輸入。P0能夠用于外部程序數(shù)據(jù)存儲器，它可以被定義為數(shù)據(jù)/地址的第八位。在FIASH編程時，P0 口作為原碼輸入口，當(dāng)FIASH進行校驗時，P0輸出原碼，此時P0外部必須被拉高。P1口：P1口是一個內(nèi)部提供上拉電阻的8位雙向I/O口，P1口緩沖器能接收輸出4TTL門電流。P1口管腳寫入1后，被內(nèi)部上拉為高，可用作輸入，P1口被外部下拉為低電平時，將輸出電流，這是由于內(nèi)部上拉的緣故。在FLASH編程和校驗時，P1口作為第八位地址接收。 P1.0 T2（定時器/計數(shù)器T

14、2的外部計數(shù)輸入） ，時鐘輸出；P1.1 T2EX（定時器/計數(shù)器T2的捕捉/重載觸發(fā)信號和方向控制）；P1.5 MOSI（在系統(tǒng)編程用）；P1.6 MISO（在系統(tǒng)編程用）；P1.7 SCK（在系統(tǒng)編程用）。P2口：P2口為一個內(nèi)部上拉電阻的8位雙向I/O口，P2口緩沖器可接收，輸出4個TTL門電流，當(dāng)P2口被寫“1”時，其管腳被內(nèi)部上拉電阻拉高，且作為輸入。并因此作為輸入時，P2口的管腳被外部拉低，將輸出電流。這是由于內(nèi)部上拉的緣故。P2口當(dāng)用于外部程序存儲器或16位地址外部數(shù)據(jù)存儲器進行存取時，P2口輸出地址的高八位。在給出地址“1”時，它利用內(nèi)部上拉優(yōu)勢，當(dāng)對外部八位地址數(shù)據(jù)存儲器進行

15、讀寫時，P2口輸出其特殊功能寄存器的內(nèi)容。P2口在FLASH編程和校驗時接收高八位地址信號和控制信號。P3口：P3口管腳是8個帶內(nèi)部上拉電阻的雙向I/O口，可接收輸出4個TTL門電流。當(dāng)P3口寫入“1”后，它們被內(nèi)部上拉為高電平，并用作輸入。作為輸入，由于外部下拉為低電平，P3口將輸出電流（ILL）這是由于上拉的緣故。P3口也可作為AT89C51的一些特殊功能口，如下所示：管腳 備選功能P3.0 RXD（串行輸入口）P3.1 TXD（串行輸出口）P3.2 INT0（外部中斷0）P3.3 INT1（外部中斷1）P3.4 T0（記時器0外部輸入）P3.5 T1（記時器1外部輸入）P3.6 WR（外

16、部數(shù)據(jù)存儲器寫選通）P3.7 RD（外部數(shù)據(jù)存儲器讀選通）P3口同時為閃爍編程和編程校驗接收一些控制信號RST：復(fù)位輸入。當(dāng)振蕩器復(fù)位器件時，要保持RST腳兩個機器周期的高電平時間。ALE/PROG：當(dāng)訪問外部存儲器時，地址鎖存允許的輸出電平用于鎖存地址的地位字節(jié)。在FLASH編程期間，此引腳用于輸入編程脈沖。在平時，ALE端以不變的頻率周期輸出正脈沖信號，此頻率為振蕩器頻率的1/6。因此它可用作對外部輸出的脈沖或用于定時目的。然而要注意的是：每當(dāng)用作外部數(shù)據(jù)存儲器時，將跳過一個ALE脈沖。如想禁止ALE的輸出可在SFR8EH地址上置0。此時， ALE只有在執(zhí)行MOVX，MOVC指令是ALE才

17、起作用。另外，該引腳被略微拉高。如果微處理器在外部執(zhí)行狀態(tài)ALE禁止，置位無效。/PSEN：外部程序存儲器的選通信號。在由外部程序存儲器取指期間，每個機器周期兩次/PSEN有效。但在訪問外部數(shù)據(jù)存儲器時，這兩次有效的/PSEN信號將不出現(xiàn)。/EA/VPP：當(dāng)/EA保持低電平時，則在此期間外部程序存儲器（0000H-FFFFH），不管是否有內(nèi)部程序存儲器。注意加密方式1時，/EA將內(nèi)部鎖定為RESET；當(dāng)/EA端保持高電平時，此間內(nèi)部程序存儲器。在FLASH編程期間，此引腳也用于施加12V編程電源（VPP）。XTAL1：反向振蕩放大器的輸入及內(nèi)部時鐘工作電路的輸入。XTAL2：來自反向振蕩器的輸

18、出。AT89C52P為40 腳雙列直插封裝的8 位通用微處理器，采用工業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的C51內(nèi)核，在內(nèi)部功能及管腳排布上與通用的8xc52 相同，其主要用于會聚調(diào)整時的功能控制。功能包括對會聚主IC 內(nèi)部寄存器、數(shù)據(jù)RAM及外部接口等功能部件的初始化，會聚調(diào)整控制，會聚測試圖控制，紅外遙控信號IR的接收解碼及與主板CPU通信等。主要管腳有：XTAL1（19 腳）和XTAL2（18 腳）為振蕩器輸入輸出端口，外接12MHz 晶振。RST/Vpd（9 腳）為復(fù)位輸入端口，外接電阻電容組成的復(fù)位電路。VCC（40 腳）和VSS（20 腳）為供電端口，分別接+5V電源的正負(fù)端。P0P3 為可編程通用I/O 腳

19、，其功能用途由軟件定義，在本設(shè)計中，P0 端口（3239 腳）被定義為N1 功能控制端口，分別與N1的相應(yīng)功能管腳相連接，13 腳定義為IR輸入端，10 腳和11腳定義為I2C總線控制端口，分別連接N1的SDAS（18腳）和SCLS（19腳）端口，12 腳、27 腳及28 腳定義為握手信號功能端口，連接主板CPU 的相應(yīng)功能端，用于當(dāng)前制式的檢測及會聚調(diào)整狀態(tài)進入的控制功能。如下圖為Proteus中的AT89C52的仿真圖。（2） 字符液晶顯示模塊SMC1602A：外形尺寸見下圖所示接口信號說明見下表SMC1602A接口信號說明編號符號引腳說明編號符號引腳說明1VSS電源地9D2Data I/

20、O2VDD電源正極10D3Data I/O3V0LCD偏壓輸入11D4Data I/O4RS數(shù)據(jù)/命令選擇端（H/L）12D5Data I/O5R/W讀寫控制信號（H/L）13D6Data I/O6E使能信號14D7Data I/O7D0Data I/O15BLK背光源負(fù)極8D1Data I/O16BLA背光源正極第3章 實驗平臺描述3.1 keil2軟件介紹 Keil uVision2是德國Keil Software公司出品的51系列兼容單片機C語言軟件開發(fā)系統(tǒng)，使用接近于傳統(tǒng)C語言的語法來開發(fā)，與匯編相比，C語言在功能上、結(jié)構(gòu)性、可讀性、可維護性上有明顯的優(yōu)勢，因而易學(xué)易用,而且大大的提高

21、了工作效率和項目開發(fā)周期,他還能嵌入?yún)R編，您可以在關(guān)鍵的位置嵌入，使程序達(dá)到接近于匯編的工作效率。KEILC51標(biāo)準(zhǔn)C編譯器為8051微控制器的軟件開發(fā)提供了C語言環(huán)境,同時保留了匯編代碼高效,快速的特點。C51編譯器的功能不斷增強， 使你可以更加貼近CPU本身，及其它的衍生產(chǎn)品。C51已被完全集成到uVision2的集成開發(fā)環(huán)境中，這個集成開發(fā)環(huán)境包含：編譯器，匯編器，實時操作系統(tǒng)，項目管理器，調(diào)試器。uVision2 IDE可為它們提供單一而靈活的開發(fā)環(huán)境。Keil C51軟件提供豐富的庫函數(shù)和功能強大的集成開發(fā)調(diào)試工具，全Windows界面，使您能在很短的時間內(nèi)就能學(xué)會使用keil c5

22、1來開發(fā)您的單片機應(yīng)用程序 。另外重要的一點，只要看一下編譯后生成的匯編代碼，就能體會到Keil C51生成的目標(biāo)代碼效率非常之高，多數(shù)語句生成的匯編代碼很緊湊，容易理解。在開發(fā)大型軟件時更能體現(xiàn)高級語言的優(yōu)勢。3.2 Proteus軟件介紹Proteus軟件是英國Labcenter electronics公司出版的EDA工具軟件（該軟件中國總代理為廣州風(fēng)標(biāo)電子技術(shù)有限公司）。它不僅具有其它EDA工具軟件的仿真功能，還能仿真單片機及外圍器件。另外它是目前最好的仿真單片機及外圍器件的工具。雖然目前國內(nèi)推廣剛起步，但已受到單片機愛好者、從事單片機教學(xué)的教師、致力于單片機開發(fā)應(yīng)用的科技工作者的青睞。

23、Proteus是世界上著名的EDA工具(仿真軟件)，從原理圖布圖、代碼調(diào)試到單片機與外圍電路協(xié)同仿真，一鍵切換到PCB設(shè)計，真正實現(xiàn)了從概念到產(chǎn)品的完整設(shè)計。是目前世界上唯一將電路仿真軟件、PCB設(shè)計軟件和虛擬模型仿真軟件三合一的設(shè)計平臺，其處理器模型支持8051、HC11、PIC10/12/16/18/24/30/DsPIC33、AVR、ARM、8086和MSP430等，2010年又增加了Cortex和DSP系列處理器，并持續(xù)增加其他系列處理器模型。在編譯方面，它也支持IAR、Keil和MPLAB等多種編譯器。第4章 程序設(shè)計4.1 源程序#include <reg51.h>#i

24、nclude <intrins.h>sbit rs= P35;sbit rw = P36;sbit ep = P37;unsigned char code dis1 = "GOOD GOOD STUDY"/LCD第一行顯示unsigned char code dis2 = "shaowenjie"/LCD第二行顯示void delay(unsigned char ms)unsigned char i;while(ms-)for(i = 0; i< 250; i+)_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();bit l

25、cd_bz()bit result;rs = 0;rw = 1;ep = 1;_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();_nop_();result = (bit)(P1 & 0x80);ep = 0;return result;void lcd_wcmd(unsigned char cmd)while(lcd_bz();/判斷LCD是否忙碌rs = 0;rw = 0;ep = 0;_nop_();_nop_();P1 = cmd;_nop_();_nop_();/_nop_();/_nop_();ep = 1;_nop_();_nop_();/_nop_();/_nop_();

26、ep = 0;void lcd_pos(unsigned char pos) lcd_wcmd(pos | 0x80);void lcd_wdat(unsigned char dat)while(lcd_bz();/判斷LCD是否忙碌rs = 1;rw = 0;ep = 0;P1 = dat;_nop_();_nop_();/_nop_();/_nop_();ep = 1;_nop_();_nop_();/_nop_();/_nop_();ep = 0;void lcd_init()lcd_wcmd(0x38);delay(1);lcd_wcmd(0x0c);delay(1);lcd_wcmd

27、(0x06);delay(1);lcd_wcmd(0x01);delay(1);void main(void)unsigned char i;lcd_init();/ 初始化LCDdelay(10);while(1)lcd_pos(0x01);/設(shè)置顯示位置i = 0;while(dis1i != '0')lcd_wdat(dis1i);/顯示字符i+;lcd_pos(0x42);/ 設(shè)置顯示位置i = 0;while(dis2i != '0')lcd_wdat(dis2i);/ 顯示字符i+;在keil2中的編譯后結(jié)果如下圖所示：4.2 Proteus仿真Pr

28、oteus軟件是英國Labcenter electronics公司出版的EDA工具軟件（該軟件中國總代理為廣州風(fēng)標(biāo)電子技術(shù)有限公司）。它不僅具有其它EDA工具軟件的仿真功能，還能仿真單片機及外圍器件。它是目前最好的仿真單片機及外圍器件的工具。雖然目前國內(nèi)推廣剛起步，但已受到單片機愛好者、從事單片機教學(xué)的教師、致力于單片機開發(fā)應(yīng)用的科技工作者的青睞。Proteus是世界上著名的EDA工具(仿真軟件)，從原理圖布圖、代碼調(diào)試到單片機與外圍電路協(xié)同仿真，一鍵切換到PCB設(shè)計，真正實現(xiàn)了從概念到產(chǎn)品的完整設(shè)計。是目前世界上唯一將電路仿真軟件、PCB設(shè)計軟件和虛擬模型仿真軟件三合一的設(shè)計平臺，其處理器模

29、型支持8051、HC11、PIC10/12/16/18/24/30/DsPIC33、AVR、ARM、8086和MSP430等，2010年又增加了Cortex和DSP系列處理器，并持續(xù)增加其他系列處理器模型。在編譯方面，它也支持IAR、Keil和MPLAB等多種編譯器。其中電路由以下結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成：（1） 時鐘電路通常單片機系統(tǒng)電路的實際有內(nèi)部時鐘和外部時鐘兩種形式，兩種電路都向單片機提供最基本的振蕩脈沖信號。本設(shè)計中的晶體振蕩電路如下圖所示。i. （2）1602LCD顯示電路1602LCD 采用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的14 腳（無背光）或16 腳（帶背光）接口。本設(shè)計中采用14腳LCD。VSS和VDD為電源端和接地端

30、，VEE用于調(diào)整液晶顯示器對比度。D0D7為8位雙向數(shù)據(jù)線。電路連接圖如圖所示。Proteus仿真圖見附錄一第5章 電路仿真本次仿真的顯示分別為“dian zi 1101 ban shao wen ji”見圖一和“Good Good Study Day Day Up”圖二圖一圖二總結(jié)本次課程設(shè)計基本完成,各項指標(biāo)都已基本實現(xiàn)。 16×2點陣字符液晶模塊SMC1602A分別第一行分別顯示good good study和dianzi1101ban,第二行分別顯示day day up和shaowenjie。從資料的搜集,方案的確立,硬件電路的設(shè)計,程序的編寫及論文撰寫,在這整個過程中,使我

31、學(xué)到了很多專業(yè)知識,特別是提高了動手能力。系統(tǒng)地復(fù)習(xí)了模擬電子技術(shù)、STC89C52RC/RD+系列單片機器件手冊、Protel99SE、C語言程序設(shè)計基礎(chǔ)教程等課程。特別是對單片機開發(fā)產(chǎn)生了濃厚的興趣。本課題的實現(xiàn)有以下兩部分:1.硬件電路主要由單片機、時鐘振蕩電路、液晶顯示模塊組成。每部分都獨立成為一個體系，各功能模塊外圍電路采用分立元件。2.軟件編程是利用單片機C編語言編程來實現(xiàn)的。程序簡單易懂，執(zhí)行速度快，有著高級語言不可替代的用途。本課題最大的優(yōu)點是: （1） 設(shè)置在線下載端口；（2） 硬件電路設(shè)計簡單；（3） 軟件程序調(diào)試/維護方便；（4） 采用萬用板工藝；（5） 實用性強。參考文

32、獻(xiàn)：1. 潘永雄.電子線路CAD實用教程.第二版.西安電子科技大學(xué)出版社,20052. 張毅剛.單片機原理及應(yīng)用.高等教育出版社,20043. 譚浩強. 第二版語言程序設(shè)計清華大學(xué)出版社，19994. 楊素行.模擬電子基礎(chǔ)簡明教程.第2版.高等教育出版社,19985. www.B附錄一您好，為你提供優(yōu)秀的畢業(yè)論文參考資料，請您刪除以下內(nèi)容，O(_)O謝謝！A large group of tea merchants on camels and horses from Northwest China's Shaanxi province pass through a stop on th

33、e ancient Silk Road, Gansu's Zhangye city during their journey to Kazakhstan, May 5, 2015. The caravan, consisting of more than 100 camels, three horse-drawn carriages and four support vehicles, started the trip from Jingyang county in Shaanxi on Sept 19, 2014. It will pass through Gansu provinc

34、e and Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region, and finally arrive in Almaty, formerly known as Alma-Ata, the largest city in Kazakhstan, and Dungan in Zhambyl province. The trip will cover about 15,000 kilometers and take the caravan more than one year to complete. The caravan is expected to return to Jing

35、yang in March 2016. Then they will come back, carrying specialty products from Kazakhstan A small art troupe founded six decades ago has grown into a household name in the Inner Mongolia autonomous region. In the 1950s, Ulan Muqir Art Troupe was created by nine young musicians, who toured remote vil

36、lages on horses and performed traditional Mongolian music and dances for nomadic families. The 54-year-old was born in Tongliao, in eastern Inner Mongolia and joined the troupe in 1975.He says there are 74 branch troupes across Inner Mongolia and actors give around 100 shows every year to local noma

37、dic people. "I can still recall the days when I toured with the troupe in the early '80s. We sat on the back of pickup trucks for hours. The sky was blue, and we couldn't help but sing the folk songs," Nasun says. The vastness of Inner Mongolia and the lack of entertainment options

38、 for people living there, made their lives lonely. "The nomadic people were very excited about our visits," Nasun recalls. "We didn't have a formal stage. The audience just sat on the grass. Usually, the performances became a big party with local people joining in." For him,

39、the rewarding part about touring isn't just about sharing art with nomadic families but also about gaining inspiration for the music and dance. Ulan Muqir literally translates as "red burgeon", and today's performers of the troupe still tour the region's villages and entertain

40、nomadic families, but their fame has spread around the world. On May 16 and 17, nearly 100 singers and dancers from the troupe performed at Beijing's Poly Theater. Their show, titled Ulan Muqir on the Grassland, depicted the history and development of the art troupe. "Being from the region

41、allowed me to embrace the culture of Inner Mongolia and being a member of the troupe showed me where I belonged," Nasun, the art troupe's president, who is also a renowned tenor, tells China Daily. During a tour in 1985, he went to a village and met an elderly local man, who told him a stor

42、y about his friendship with a solider from Shenyang, capital of Northeast China's Liaoning province, decades ago. The solider gave the old man a handmade saddle when they bid farewell. The story inspired Nasun to write Carved Saddle, a song that later became one of his most popular numbers. Now,

43、 every year, Nasun recruits young singers and dancers for the troupe. The troupe has also designed a new repertoire, which is mostly based on the daily lives of Mongolian people, especially the lives of nomadic families, and has combined contemporary musical elements with folk songs of the region. H

44、aimu, a 25-year-old khoomei (a local variant of overtone singing) singer, joined the troupe three years ago. Along with a six-member band, he performs fast songs and soft ones that he writesall while playing the horse-head fiddle."Although I learned the piano since childhood and grew up listeni

45、ng to various kinds of music, to me, the folk music of Inner Mongolia is the root," he says. "Performing in remote villages is pleasant. I feel at home on the boundless grasslands, and the warm people there make me feel fulfilled." The first round of spring auction season in Beijing e

46、nded last week, but it failed to create much spring in the art market. Although two pieces of Chinese painting fetched more than 100 million yuan, the decline in trading volume and sale rate showed a downturn this year. In the “Grand View: Chinese Painting Highlight” session at China Guardian 2015 s

47、pring auctions, Pan Tianshous representative work Eagle, Rock and Flora hit a record auction price of 279 million yuan, while Li Kerans masterwork Jinggang Mountain fetched 126.5 million yuan, an unexpected high in recent years. However, the trading volume fells to 1.87 billion yuan from 2.22 billio

48、n yuan in the same period the year before. The Huangchen 2015 Spring Auctions, which recorded 42.5 million yuan in total sales, experienced the same. The section number went down to 5 from 12 compared to last year. According to expert Shao Jianwu, the art market did not attract much excitement this

49、year due to the booming stock market and the persistent problems of forgery and fake deals. The two pieces of Chinese painting notched up high price this spring due to their own value not due to a revival in the market. "The successful transaction of two works with a hammer price of more than 1

50、00 million yuan once again confirms that valuable and rare works of high quality always earn the long-lasting high price. Chinese painting and calligraphy is still the pillar of the market. However, the overall sales rate has dropped slightly, which reflects the demand for the ordinary auction goods

51、 has weakened,” said the president of China Guardians Hu Yanyan. "Besides, the entry of new buyers also makes certain changes to the direction of purchasing. In a word, the overall market trend is very unpredictable. Although China Guardian 2015 Spring Auctions has achieved remarkable results,

52、it does not mean that the market has walked out of the predicament. We still have to wait for the big economic boom to invigorate the art market.” Even so, the hot pursuit of some special items appeared this spring. A special session of China Guardian Spring Auctions titled “Fine GiltBronze Buddhist

53、 Images” achieved a great deal with total sales volume of 41.89 million yuan and 92 percent sale rate. The 5th Shamar Rinpoche Statue from 16-17th century of Tibet was sold for 5.06 million yuan. The Beijing Chengxuan Auctions featured almost 2,800 items of coins and stamps in three sessions with go

54、od sale rate. The Huachen Auctions also set a special session of photographs under the condition of large-scale decline of auction sessions. There was a palpable dull thud of disappointment that accompanied the return of the imperial entourage of Zhen Huan to her homeland. It followed a couple years

55、 of hushed excitement as Chinese fans were fed tidbits about their proud concubine who was supposed to conquer the high ground of the North American market. Zhen Huan is, of course, the title character of The Legend of Zhen Huan, a 2011 television series that swept China off its feet and later took

56、other Asian countries by storm. Two years ago, it was reported that HBO, a premium cable service headquartered in the United States, was going to air it in North America after some modification. Now, a condensed version that provides English subtitles but no dubbing has finally been made available o

57、n Netflix for online streaming. This version, highly anticipated as a milestone in China's cultural foray overseas, has been widely panned by its home audience. Retitled Empresses in the Palace, the American version has been shortened from its original 76 episodes at 45 minutes each, to six 90-minute episodes. The quick pacing threw off many native viewers, who are accustomed to a more leisurely daytime-soap-style narrative rhythm. (Chinese TV stations would run two or three episodes every day.) I