1、過(guò)去完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一.構(gòu)成 1. 過(guò)去完成時(shí)：had done 否定式：had not done 疑問(wèn)式：had.done 2.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：have/has done二.過(guò)去完成時(shí)的用法： 1.過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)間或某一動(dòng) 作之前完成的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。即表 示“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”。 eg.She had learned some English before she came to the university. eg.He had already had his breakfast before seven oclock. He said he had seen

2、you before. 2.過(guò)去完成時(shí)通常與by+表示過(guò)去的時(shí) 間 連用。 eg.How many English song had you learned by the end of last term? 3.如果從句為by the time /before /when+ 從句(過(guò)去式），則主句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。 練習(xí):翻譯下列句子 By the time we got there,the bus had already gone.We got there at 7:00The bus left at 6:59When I got to the check-out, I realized I h

3、ad left my purse at home.4.特殊用法：hope,think, plan, mean, expect, intend, suppose,want,等詞有時(shí)可用過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，意圖，希望或打算。 eg.I had intended to come over to see you ,but I was so busy. They had planned to help me, but they could not get here in time.5.如果兩個(gè)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作一前一后，且由同一主語(yǔ)發(fā)出，第一個(gè)動(dòng)作可用having done 作狀語(yǔ)，若為被動(dòng)形式，

4、則可以用having been done 作狀語(yǔ)。 eg.After she had done her homework, she took a walk in the garden. Having done her homework, she. After I had finished reading the book, I returned it to the library. Having finished reading the book,I.6.如果連個(gè)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作同時(shí)或者幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生，即沒(méi)有明顯的先后關(guān)系，則兩個(gè)動(dòng)作都可以用一般過(guò)去式。 eg.The bus started afte

5、r he got on it. As soon as I came into the classroom, the bell ran.7.特殊句型： 1).It was+時(shí)間段+since從句(主語(yǔ)+had done) 2).It is+時(shí)間段+since從句(主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去式） eg.It was five years since they had been friends.練習(xí)：1. Did you see Mr. Smith when you were in France? No, when I _ France, he _ to China. A. had arrived, had gon

6、e B. arrived to, went . C. got to, had gone D. had got to, would go2. Tom was disappointed that most of the guests _ when he _ at the party. A. left, had arrived B. left, arrived C. had left, had arrived D. had left, arrived3. We _ four thousand new words by the end of last year. A. had learned B. h

7、ave learned C. learned D. will have learned4He asked me _ during the summer holidays. A. where I had been B. where I had gone C. where had I been D. where had I gone5. By the time my parents reached home yesterday, I _ the dinner already. A had cooked B. cooked C. have cooked D. was cooked6. He _ in

8、 Shanghai University for four years before he _ Beijing. A. studied, had gone B. had studied, went C. has studied, goes D. had studied, had gone7. Mary said it was at least five years since he _ a good drink. A. enjoyed B. was enjoying C. had enjoyed D. would enjoy8. Father_for London on business up

9、on my arrival, so I didnt see him. 2005年福建卷 A. has left B. left C. was leaving D. had left 9. Oh, is that you, Bob? Err.yes. Ah, youre Mary. Sorry I _ you. We havent seen each other for ten years, have we? A. didnt recognize B. hadnt recognized C. havent recognized D. dont recognize10. He _ to spend

10、 the important day with us last Sunday, but he was too busy then. A. hoped B. has hoped C. had hoped D. would hoped 11. When the old man _ to walk back to his house, the sun _ itself behind the mountain. 2005年湖北卷 A. started; had already hidden B. had started; had already hidden C. had started; was hiding D. was starting; hid 12.Both his parents look sad .Maybe they _whats happened to him . . knew . have known . must know .will know13.The famous writer _ one new book in the past two years. is writing .was writing