1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上 語法總復(fù)習(xí)名詞一、考綱解讀 明確考點(diǎn)在歷年中考中所占分?jǐn)?shù)比例是提高學(xué)習(xí)效率的首要條件，要做到心中有數(shù)！二、學(xué)習(xí)與應(yīng)用我們知道，構(gòu)成句子的兩個(gè)主要成分是主語和謂語，謂語由動(dòng)詞或者動(dòng)詞短語來充當(dāng)，而主語則主要是由咱們名詞或者名詞短語來構(gòu)成。由此可見名詞多么重要！那還等什么呢？快快進(jìn)入咱們名詞世界暢游吧！常考點(diǎn)知識(shí)清單名詞的分類名詞分為專有名詞和普通名詞兩大類，普通名詞又分為可數(shù)名詞和_兩類。1. 可數(shù)名詞：有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)之分，表示一個(gè)或者多少。單數(shù)名詞表泛指，在前面加a/an.例如a man/an old man。當(dāng)不定冠詞后得單詞以_音素開頭時(shí)前用an，反之用a。例如a

2、n ugly man/a useful book。復(fù)數(shù)形式通常加-s/-es。例如：books/classes。可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)的變化形式 a.規(guī)則變化 【巧學(xué)妙記】1以-o結(jié)尾，復(fù)數(shù)加-es的，初中階段主要有以下幾個(gè)單詞：Negro黑人 hero英雄 potato馬鈴薯 tomato西紅柿Negroes and heroes like to eat potatoes and tomatoes.黑人和英雄喜歡吃馬鈴薯和西紅柿2以-f或-fe結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)改成-v加-es，初中階段主要有以下幾個(gè)單詞： Leaf樹葉 half一半 self自己 wife妻子 knife刀子 shelf架子 wolf

3、狼 thief小偷 life生命 樹葉半數(shù)自己黃，妻子操刀去割糧 架后竄出一只狼，就像小偷逃命亡3以-f或-fe結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，只加-s的，初中階段主要有以下幾個(gè)單詞：gulf海灣，roof屋頂，chief首領(lǐng)，serf農(nóng)奴，belief信仰，proof證據(jù)，handkerchief手帕?？梢杂洖椋汉尺叄蓓斏?，首領(lǐng)農(nóng)奴兩相望誰說他們無信仰，證據(jù)寫在手帕上b.不規(guī)則變化【巧學(xué)妙記】 名詞中單復(fù)數(shù)相同得，初中英語主要有以下幾個(gè)單詞：Chinese中國人 Japanese日本人 Sheep綿羊 deer鹿，可以記為：中國人和日本人喜愛綿羊和鹿 注意事項(xiàng)：1. people作人們講時(shí)，看做復(fù)數(shù)

4、，不能加-s，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；family, class是集體名詞，即指單數(shù)，又指復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù)亦可用復(fù)數(shù)，具體根據(jù)語境而定2. 有些名詞以-s結(jié)尾，但表達(dá)的是單數(shù)意義，例如：news/maths/politics/physics/the United States等3. 常以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的名詞，例如glasses/trousers/shoes/gloves/socks/shorts等，要表達(dá)它們得量時(shí)常用pair，例如：a pair of glasses/trousers/shoes/gloves等.4. the+姓氏復(fù)數(shù)表示一家人或夫婦二人，例如the Greens格林一家/格

5、林夫婦。5. 年分前面加the，后面加-s，表示年代，例如：the 1990s 20世紀(jì)90年代，6. 名詞作定語時(shí)，不用復(fù)數(shù)形式，例如：a shoe shop/an apple tree，如果要表示復(fù)數(shù)，就去掉不定冠詞，把名詞詞組中的最后一個(gè)名詞變成復(fù)數(shù)形式，例如apple trees。但是也有例外，當(dāng)man/woman作定語時(shí)，如果后面的名詞是復(fù)數(shù)，則man，woman也要變成復(fù)數(shù)。如：a woman teacherthree women teachers。2不可數(shù)名詞：a.可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞的詞或短語a lot of, lots of, some, a little, little數(shù)詞+

6、容器+of+不可數(shù)名詞a glass of watertwo glasses of waterb.常用得不可數(shù)名詞food/meat/fish/chicken/pork/beef/mutton/drink/orange/milk/tea/Coke/water/rice/bread/homework/news/paper/ice/rain/snow/wind/cloud/air/weather/maths/Chinese/English/music/information/fun/work等【巧學(xué)妙記】八句歌訣可數(shù)不可數(shù)好分辨，名詞所示物分兩半如每半不能叫原名，那該詞可數(shù)最公平每半還能把原名叫，

7、不可數(shù)名詞就遇到有的名詞是兩面堵，意變不可數(shù)為可數(shù)一般來說，一個(gè)動(dòng)物，活著的時(shí)候是可數(shù)的，肉是不可數(shù)的。例如: some chickens一些雞/some chicken一些雞肉有些不可數(shù)名詞以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)時(shí)，意思有所變化，如下表：有些名詞既能做可數(shù)名詞，又能做不可數(shù)名詞，但含義不同，如下表：名詞的所有格【知識(shí)拓展】1. 有不少名詞在漢語中是可數(shù)的，但在英語中卻不可數(shù)，我們不能說a new/a bread/a cloth等。如果要表示“一則/片/件”這一概念時(shí)，就要加a piece of這樣的定語，例如a piece of news2. 有些名詞以-s結(jié)尾，但它們卻不是復(fù)數(shù)。例如：physic

8、s/maths/politics/news3. 數(shù)詞+名詞+形容詞構(gòu)成的復(fù)合形容詞中，中間的名詞不能用復(fù)數(shù)形式，必須用單數(shù)形式。例如：She is a five-year-old girl1. In autumn there are a lot of _on the ground. (2013茂名，27)A. leaf B. leafsC. leaves2. -Im very thirsty now. (2013 梅州，32)-Would you like some_?A. teaB. fishC. noodles D. potatoes 3. Mum,Ive heard that we ca

9、nt eat _ these days. Is it true? (2013 廣東，28) Take it easy. It is safe to eat cooked meat.A. chicken B. chickens C. a chicken D. the chicken4. _ school is quite near the bus station. （2012 茂名，27） A. Ted and Toms B. Teds and Toms C. Ted and Tom 5.The students of Grade 7 visited Mikes farm and saw man

10、y_there. (2012 廣東，28)A.bird B.duck C.sheep D.rabbit6. - How many are there on the table? (2011 湛江，22)- Only two.A.glasses of orange B. glasses of orangesC. glass of orange D. glasses of oranges7. -Could you please tell me something aboutthe two_? -_.They are exchange students of No. 1 Middle School.

11、 (2011 深圳，4)A. Frenchmen; Yes, pleaseB. Frenchmans; Come on C. Germen; Not at allD. Germans; All right 8. I'm so hungry. Please give me _ to eat(2011 清遠(yuǎn)，38)A. three bread B three pieces of breadC. three pieces of breadsD three piece of bread1. Mr. Black gave us _ on how to learn English well.A.

12、an advice B. many advicesC. some advice D. some advices2. You can get much _ about the World Expo on the Internet.A. mapB. pictureC. ticket D. information3. I saw many _ eating grass on the hill.A. horse B. cowC. rabbit D. sheep4.I dont think looking after children is just work.A. womanB. womansC. w

13、omenD. womens5. The hospital is a bit far from here. Its about _.A. forty minutes walk B. forty minutes walkC. forty minutes walks D. forty minutes walk6. There are a lot of _ planting trees on the hill.A. boy B. peopleC. girl D. student7. Your English is very good. Who taught you?Nobody. I taught _

14、.A. me B. himC. himself D. myself8. Listen! The _ are singing in the next room.A. twins babiesB. twin babiesC. twins baby D. twins baby經(jīng)典例題歷年中考真題 經(jīng)典例題歷年中考真題9. We all think football is not only _ game. Some girls like football, too.A. a boys B. boys C. boys D. the boys10. There are a lot of yellow _

15、on the tree when autumn comes.A. leafs B. leavesC. apple D. banana11. There are about one hundred teachers in our school. Two thirds of them are _.A. women teachers B. woman teachers C. women teacher D. woman teacher12 They are thirsty. Will you please give them _ ? Certainly.A. some bottles of wate

16、rsB. some bottles of waterC. some bottle of waterD. some bottle of waters13Mike hurt one of his _ in the accident yesterday.A. toothB. feetC. handD. ear14There is some _ on the plate.A. cakesB. meatC. potatoD. pears15The_ has two _ .A. boys; watchesB. boy; watchC. oy; watchesD. boys; watch9. We can

17、see two in the picture. (2010 茂名，31)A. apple tree B. apples trees C. apple trees10.Tomorrow Im going to my_.Its a_.(2010 江門，29)A.aunt;five minutes walkB.aunts;five minutes walkC.aunt;five minutes walkD.aunts;five minutes walk11.-Two _died in the accident-_terrible it is! (2009 深圳，2)A.policemen，How&#

18、160;  B.policeman,WhatC.police,What  D.policemans,How12. It' s really hot today. What drinks do we have in the fridge? (2009 廣東，44)We have some .A. noodle B. cheese C. sausages D. lemonade13. Near our school there are two . (2009 肇慶，23)A. shoes shops B. shoes shop C. shoe shops14.Nowadays people can get muc