1、英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)音知識(shí)1. 元音：?jiǎn)卧簦?2）：/ i: / i / e / æ / a: / / : / u / u: / / / : / 雙元音（8）：/ ei / ai / i / i / u / u / au /2. 輔音：（24）按聲帶震動(dòng)與否為：清音：/ p / t / k / f / s / / h / / t / tr / ts /濁音：/ b / d / g / v / z / m / n / / / /dr / dz / r / w / j / l /3. 音節(jié)：一個(gè)元音，或一個(gè)元音和一個(gè)或幾個(gè)輔音音素結(jié)合稱(chēng)為音節(jié)。m, n, l, N和輔音音素結(jié)合，也可以構(gòu)成一個(gè)音節(jié)。

2、 有幾個(gè)元音就有幾個(gè)音節(jié)。開(kāi)音節(jié)：絕對(duì)開(kāi)音節(jié)：輔音字母 + 元音字母相對(duì)開(kāi)音節(jié)：元音字母 + 輔音字母（除r）+ e （不發(fā)音）在重讀開(kāi)音節(jié)中，元音字母都讀作字母的發(fā)音。 閉音節(jié)：元音字母 + 輔音字母（除r）在重讀閉音節(jié)中，元音字母a讀作/A /， e 讀作/ e /，I (y)讀作/ I /，o讀作/ R /，u讀作/ u / 或 / Q /.（重讀閉音節(jié)三要素：1. 必須是重讀音節(jié)； 2. 最后只有一個(gè)輔音字母；3. 元音字母發(fā)短元音。）音節(jié)的劃分 在兩個(gè)音節(jié)的相鄰處有兩個(gè)輔音時(shí)，一個(gè)輔音屬于前面的音節(jié)，一個(gè)屬于后面的音節(jié)。例如：let-ter mem-ber chil-dren dau

3、gh-ter在兩個(gè)音節(jié)的相鄰處只有一個(gè)輔音時(shí)，如果前面音節(jié)里的元音是長(zhǎng)音則輔音屬于后面一個(gè)音節(jié)，如果前面一個(gè)音節(jié)里的元音是短音，則輔字組屬于前面一個(gè)音節(jié)。例如：長(zhǎng)音 pa-per stu-dent fa-ther ze-ro mo-tor far-ther短音 sev-en stud-y moth-er ver-y mod-le weath-er字母組合不能分開(kāi)，必須劃在一個(gè)音節(jié)內(nèi)，如：ch, th, sh, ph, tr, dr4單詞重音：在多音節(jié)或雙音節(jié)詞中，有一個(gè)讀得特別響亮的音節(jié)，叫做重讀音節(jié)。除了一些復(fù)合詞外，一般說(shuō)來(lái)，每個(gè)單詞只有一個(gè)重讀音節(jié)，重讀音節(jié)用重音符號(hào)"&quo

4、t;來(lái)表示。單音節(jié)詞不標(biāo)重音符號(hào)，但必須重讀。雙音節(jié)詞重讀規(guī)則 雙音節(jié)詞的第一個(gè)音節(jié)通常是重讀音節(jié)。例如：´stu-dent ´Chi-na ´sec-ond ´au-tumn in-´deed 含有a- be- de- re- in- ex- 等前綴的雙音節(jié)詞往往是在第二個(gè)音節(jié)上重讀。雙音節(jié)詞的重讀位置不會(huì)因增加前綴或后綴而發(fā)生改變。例如：a´bout be´fore ex´cuse re´pair for-´get-ful in-´ven-tor多音節(jié)詞重讀規(guī)則 多音節(jié)詞通常在倒數(shù)

5、第三個(gè)音節(jié)重讀。例如：´el-e-phant con-grat-u-´la-tion詞尾有-ic 或-tion,-sion 的詞，在-ic或-sion,-tion前的一個(gè)音節(jié)上重讀。例如：scien´tific im´pression ´nation 英語(yǔ)的基本拼讀規(guī)則總規(guī)則：1. 元音字母在重讀開(kāi)音節(jié)中一般讀“字母”音；在閉音節(jié)中讀“短”音 2元音字組在非重讀音節(jié)中讀音或i但：yellow sparrow tomorrow everydayei handbagæblackboard: 1元音字母a及其字母組合的讀音 元音字母和字母組

6、合讀  音說(shuō)  明例  詞例  外aei在重讀開(kāi)音節(jié)中g(shù)rade，face，table，namehave æ operate liberate hibernateei hesitate celebtateæ在重讀閉音節(jié)中map，practice，that，plan，hand  w+awatch, what，wash，walletwater : a-n, ss sp sk st th fanswer, grant, class, grasp, basket，fast，bath，aftersand, stand land ban

7、d æ  e: many anyai，ayei在重讀音節(jié)中straight，afraid，paint，rain  i在非重讀音節(jié)中Monday，mountain，holiday，captainweekday ei  birthday eiair在重讀音節(jié)中repair，chair，hair，stair  al:l:在n./ v. 中在副詞中a-f/mchalk，call，small，walk talkalso, always, already,half; calmsalt:l ar:在重讀音節(jié)中w/wh-arparty，artist，farm，

8、cardWar, warm,toward, quarter various are在重讀音節(jié)中g(shù)lare，care，stare，dare  au/ augh:August，autumn cause caughtaunt, laugh : Australiaaw:draw，law，saw  2元音字母e及其字母組合的讀音元音字母和字母組合讀  音說(shuō)  明例  詞例  外ei:在重讀開(kāi)音節(jié)中complete，even，these，  e在重讀閉音節(jié)中better，enter，freshpretty i eaebreath，hea

9、d，ready，dead  i:breathe，season，least，deal，mean  meante dreamtireally，real，theatre, ideareality ocean eigreat，break  eei:greet，deep，keep，meet  eii:/ei/s/-eireceive，seize, ceilingeight heighthait eitherer:在重讀音節(jié)中verb，her，term，serveclerk:earidear， clear，near，hear  heard :search，

10、learn，earth，earnheart :bear, wear, peareeripioneer，deer engineer  ewju:few, newul, r, j-ewblew, threw, grew, Jew sew ou-edt前面是清輔音（t除外）jumped，talked，worked，helped  d前面是濁輔音（d除外）或元音loved，answered， closed， stayed  id前面是t或dneeded，shouted，skated  3元音字母i及其字母組合的讀音元音字母和字母組合讀  音說(shuō) 

11、; 明例  詞例  外i（y）ai在重讀開(kāi)音節(jié)中Friday，fine，drivegive, live, lively, satellitei在重讀閉音節(jié)中strict，think，artistwildwaild wind, climb, sign (signal ), designi:machine, policeieai在重讀詞尾lie，tie，die，pie  i:believe，piece，fieldfriende quiet ai,society,experienceir:girl，bird，first，birth ighaifight，right，ti

12、ght，night  ildaildwild，child，mild  ireaiadmire，hire，fire, entire  indaindbehind，find，kindwind windingising, ring4元音字母o及其字母組合的讀音元音字母和字母組合讀 音說(shuō)  明例  詞例  外oou在重讀開(kāi)音節(jié)中在某些詞的詞尾spoke，pole，noteenvelope，piano， photo，radioimproveim5pru:v, , love gonewhosehu:z, loselu:z, tombtu:m, p

13、rovepru:v在重讀閉音節(jié)中monument，along，shop，cloth  -m,n,v,thworry，another，son，monkey  donkey, nonsense uwoman，wolf，into  oaoucoat，boat，road，coalbroad:oi，oyinoise，enjoy，choice，boy  oou:-l,m,n結(jié)尾濁輔音-oo-清輔音/ 清-oo-濁school，soon，fool，food, roof, boot  wooluoo-k清-oo清 / 濁-oo濁book，look，good，f

14、oot, good, wood shootu: troop比較：loose / loseflood，blood  or:在重讀音節(jié)中worn，horse  :w-orworld，work，worse ouaumouse，ground，south ousoul， shoulder, thoughushould, could, would u:youth，group，wound  trouble，touch，country,enough coughowaudown，town，how，allowknowledgeousnow，grow，window 

15、 ough:bought，  thought，oughtploughplau through u:ourau在重讀音節(jié)中flour，hour，ourtourtu:在重讀音節(jié)中four，pour，coursejourney:5元音字母u及其字母組合的讀音 元音字母和字母組合讀 音說(shuō)  明例  詞例  外uju:在重讀開(kāi)音節(jié)中student，use，pupil，hugesugar u 在重讀閉音節(jié)中but，cut，up，hurrytruth u: busy i 在某些非重讀音節(jié)中autumn，difficult，successinstituteju:, co

16、mmunism ur:hurt，nurse，turn，burnhurryurejupure, cure, sure u 6輔音字母的讀音 輔音字母和字母組合讀 音說(shuō)  明例  詞例  外bbbike bus bag/bomb tombckcake picture coat musics c-e/i/yface decide cinemachmuch chick rich teacherkschool headache chemistrymachine Chicago-ckkcock pocket black knockdddoctor bread hand day

17、-dgebridge fridgedr-drchildren driver drinkfffive four breakfastg bag gardon go-eorange large Germanfcough enoughgh/light daughter highgu- -gue 在詞首/詞尾guess league dialoguew在詞中l(wèi)anguage hhhot head house hand/hour honestjjeep jar joke join Julykkkind bike skate make weekkn-nknife know knocklllife milk

18、school tallmmmonkey come autumn-mnmautumn column solemnnnnot shine ten noten-k/ guncle thank hungry-ngmorning young wrongpppaper plane pig ship penphfelephant photo telephoneqkIraqqu-kwquality quiterrred rubber rulers （詞中）s在詞首或清輔音前sit sleep deskpurpose house(s) promise insist basin personz元音字母間或濁輔音前

19、music husbandS（詞尾）s清輔音之后Stops, books z濁輔音/元音之后Zoos, questionsiz , s, -esBoxes, watcheszth-sbaths mouths youthsmathss months lengths clothesz clothing isc-skScaresmuscle scienceshshe fish shirt washsionn 輔音-sionImpression, comprehensionn元音字母-sionvision decision occasiontionnNation, revolutionn s-tion

20、Question, suggestiontt ten letter meettchwatchth實(shí)詞中 thin thirty methodsmooth在虛詞中/ - the these with mother thistr-trtree train country truckvvvery voice love leavewwweek win wake sweet wait/answer twowh-wwhat when white whyhwh- o who whose wholexksbox text exercisegzexamle exist exactwr-rwritey-jyes

21、yard yellow youngzzpuzzle zero zoo單詞辨音練習(xí)1. honest A. hope B. holiday C. hello D. hotel2. important A. information B. neighbour C. perform D. forbid3. father A. faster B. famous C. fall D. factory4. admit A. bicycle B. active C. beside D. knife5. endeavour A. journey B. course C. court D. honour6. he

22、adache A. cheat B. machine C. school D. cheery7. southern A. thirteen B. south C. fourth D. neither8. whole A. wheat B. while C. whose D. white9. exactly A. exercise B. except C. expect D. examination10. heavy A. break B. bread C. deal D. cheap11. traveler A. service B. performance C. certain D. ser

23、vant12. around A. moustache B. announce C. group D. young13. fresh A. electric B. escape C. equality D. entire14. certainly A. rely B. really C. terrify D. try15. condition A. suggestion B. question C. conclusion D. congratulation16. climb A. beauty B. comb C. border D. behind17. remain A. Britain B

24、. certain C. explain D. captain18. removed A. suffered B. laughed C. advanced D. shocked19. dollars A. roofs B. pillows C. groups D. ports20. laughter A. enough B. thought C. plough D. through21. courage A. ground B. double C. loud D. mouth22. brown A. low B. town C. know D. knowledge23. student A.

25、busy B. ruler C. July D. music24. waist A. portrait B. captain C. Britain D. plain25. strength A. bathe B. though C. breathe D. mouth26. term A. understand B. whisper C. water D. certainly27. bear A. near B. search C. early D. pear28. ocean A. concert B. century C. official D. coast29. sew A. result

26、 B. saw C. sure D. sugar30. salt A. chalk B. calm C. almost D. half31. language A. dance B. trunk C. many D. money32. compare A. scare B. inspire C. admire D. enquire33. advanced A. entrance B. salute C. fortunate D. task34. lock A. prove B. London C. longer D. lonely35. Canada A. majority B. balanc

27、e C. advanced D. dangerous36. fever A. president B. electric C. fresh D. frequently37. cousin A. thirsty B. resist C. anxious D. universe38. worm A. lord B. storm C. worry D. worthy39. trousers A. dozens B. requests C. desks D. lakes40. praise A. fairy B. remain C. said D. prairie41. April A. parent

28、 B. basin C. grasp D. wallet42. excuse A. use B. truth C. truck D. jump43. possible A. electric B. expensive C. technique D. electricity44. foreign A. ceiling B. volleyball C. weight D. receive45. academy A. recite B. recognize C. fresh D. cruelty46. whose A. town B. whom C. wonder D. woman47. tower

29、 A. tomorrow B. throw C. slowly D. how48. pleasant A. pleased B. pleasure C. peaceful D. break49. nation A. nature B. natural C. national D. candle50. repeat A. already B. bread C. defeat D. great51. month A. government B. common C. along D. monument52. absorb A. worm B. favor C. north D. emperor53.

30、 fought A. brought B. rough C. country D. trouble54. pause A. restaurant B. aunt C. mauve D. automobile55. watched A. realized B. practised C. whispered D. pleased56. revision A. possession B. expression C. television D. permission57. object A. mother B. ocean C. observe D. obvious58. telegraphA. gr

31、ammarB. breakfastC. broadcastD. manage59. duty A. educationB. rulerC. blueD. jump60. silence A. practiseB. silkC. decideD. astonish61. patient A. friendB. achieveC. fieldD. ancient62. Thursday A. surroundB. nurseC. surpriseD. pursuit63. hour A. journeyB. courtC. tourD. ourselves64. chocolate A. mach

32、ineB. cheekC. characterD. stomach65. strength A. northernB. worthyC. theoryD. thus66. passenger A. vegetableB. guessC. figureD. together 67. throughout A. naughtyB. coughC. enoughD. laugh68. question A. resolutionB. revisionC. suggestionD. possession69. material A. grammarB. grandsonC. basketD. majo

33、rity70. cautious A. curious B. ambitious C. obviously D. various71. moustache A. machine B. church C. match D. chalk72. many A. anything B. library C. canal D. important73. comparison A. quality B. quantity C. quarrel D. national74. childhood A. cool B. food C. wood D. fool75. woman A. wolf B. lose