1、小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法及習(xí)題一、名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則1一般情況下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats,bed-beds2.以s. x. sh. ch結(jié)尾，力口-es,女口：bus-buses, box-boxes,brush-brushes, watch-watches3以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i,再加-es，如：family-families,strawberry-strawberries4以f或fe”結(jié)尾，變f或fe為v,再加-es，如：knife-knives5.不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)：man-men, woman-women,policeman-policemen

2、,policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese寫(xiě)出下列各詞的復(fù)數(shù)I _him _this _her _watch _child _photo _diary _day_foot_ book_dress _tooth_ sheep _ box_ strawberry _thief _ yo-yo _ peach_ sandwich _man_ woman_paper_ juice_w

3、ater_ milk_ rice_tea_二、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)基本用法介紹【No. 1】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。女口：The sky is blue.天空是藍(lán)色的。2.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六點(diǎn)起床。3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成1. be動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一個(gè)男孩。2.行為動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+行為動(dòng)詞(+其它)。如：We study English.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。

4、當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she,it)時(shí)，要在動(dòng)詞后加-s或-eso如：Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語(yǔ)。 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的變化1. be動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句：主語(yǔ)+ be + not +其它。女口：He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑問(wèn)句：Be +主語(yǔ)+其它。 如：-Are you a student?-Yes. I am. / No, Im not.特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句。如：Where is my bike?2.行為動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句：主語(yǔ)+ dont( doesnt ) +動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)如：I dont like bread.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第

5、三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用doesnt構(gòu)成否定句。如：He doesnt often play.一般疑問(wèn)句：Do( Does ) +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它。如：- Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I dont.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問(wèn)句。如：- Does she go to work by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt.特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句。如：Howdoes your father goto work?動(dòng)詞+s的變化規(guī)則1一般情況下，直接加-s，如：cook-c

6、ooks, milk-milks 2以s. x.sh. ch. o結(jié)尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes,watch-watches, go-goes3以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i,再加-es，如：study-studies一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用法專練:一、寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)drink _ go _ stay _ make_look _ have_pass_ carrycome_ watch_ plant_ flystudy_ brush_do_ teach_二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. He often _ (have) dinner at hom

7、e.2. Daniel and Tommy _ (be) in Class One.3. We _ (not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _ (like) the World Cup?6. What _ they often _(do) on Saturdays?7._ your parents _ (read) newspapers everyday?8. The girl _ (teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I _(take) a

8、walk together everyevening.10. There _(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike _ (like) cooking.12. They _ (have) the same hobby.13. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully.14. You always _ (do) your homework well.15. I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed.16. She _ (go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. L

9、iu Tao _ (do) not like PE.18. The child often _ (watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang _ (have) eight lessons thisterm.20.What day _(be) it today?Its Saturday.三、按照要求改寫(xiě)句子1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改為否定句)2. I do my homework every day.（改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作否 定回答）3. She likes milk.（改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作肯定回答）

10、4. Amy likes playing computer games.（改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作否定回答）5. We go to school every morning.（改為否定句）6. He speaks English very well.（改為否定句）7. I like taking photos in the park.（對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)）8. John comes from Canada.（對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)）9. She is always a good student.（否定回答）改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.（五、改

11、錯(cuò)（劃出錯(cuò)誤的地方，將正確的寫(xiě)在橫線上）1. Isyour brother speakEnglish? _2. Does he likes goingfishing? _3. He likes play games afterclass. _4. Mr. Wu teachs usEnglish. _5. She dont do her homework on Sundays.三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，也可表示 當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。2現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為be+動(dòng)詞ing.3現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的否定句在be后加not。4現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)句把

12、be動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首。5 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特殊疑問(wèn)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問(wèn)詞+ be +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞ing?改為否定句)但疑問(wèn)詞當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí)其結(jié)構(gòu)為： 疑問(wèn)詞+ be +動(dòng)詞ing?動(dòng)詞加ing的變化規(guī)則1一般情況下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting3如果末尾是一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母，雙寫(xiě)末尾的 輔音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)：一、寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：playrunswim_make_ go_ likewrite_ski_read_ have

13、_ sing _dance_put_ see_ buy _love_live_ take_ come_ get_stop_ sit _ begin_shop_二、用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空：1._ The boy ( draw)a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing)in theclassroom .3. My mother _ ( cook )some nicefoodnow.4. What _ you _ ( do ) now?5. Look .They _ ( have) an Englishlesson .6.They _(not ,w

14、ater) the flowers now.7.Look! the girls _(dance )in theclassroom .8.What is our granddaughter doing? She_(listen ) to music.9. Its5oclock now. We_ (have)supper now10._ Helen(wash )clothes? Yes ,sheis .三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換：1. They are doing housework .（分別改成一般疑問(wèn)句和否 定句）2The students are cleaning the classroom . （改一般

15、疑問(wèn)句并作肯定和否定回答）3Im playing the football in the playground .（對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問(wèn)）4Tom is reading books in his study . （對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行提問(wèn)）四、將來(lái)時(shí) 一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、 計(jì)劃 或準(zhǔn)備做某事。 句中一般有以下時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：tomorrow, nextto go to bed at nine.fWhen is she goingday(week, mon th, year),so on,the day after tomorrow(后天)等。二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be going to

16、+ do;will+ do.三、否定句： 在be動(dòng)詞(am, is, are)后加not或情態(tài)動(dòng) 詞will后加not成wont。例如：Imgoing to have a pic nic this after noon.宀Im notgoing to have a picnic this afternoon.四、一般疑問(wèn)句：be或will提到句首，some改為any, and改為or，第一二人稱互換。例如：Weare going to go on an outing this weekend.宀Are yougoing to go on an outing this weekend?五、對(duì)劃線

17、部分提問(wèn)。一般情況，一般將來(lái)時(shí)的對(duì)劃線部分 有三種情況。1.問(wèn)人。Who例如：Im going to New Yorksoon.fWho s going to New York soon.2.問(wèn)干什么。Whatdo.例如：My fatheris going to watch a race with me thisafternoon.fWhat is your father going to do with youthis afternoon.3.問(wèn)什么時(shí)候。When例如：She s goingto bed?六、同義句：be going to = willI am going to go swi

18、mming tomorrow（明天）. = I will goswimming tomorrow.練習(xí)：填空。1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a picnic with myfriends.I _ have a picnic with my friends.2.下個(gè)星期一你打算去干嘛?我想去打籃球。What _ _ _ _ _next Monday? I _ _ _ play basketball.What _ you do next Monday? I _ playbasketball.3.你媽媽這個(gè)周末去購(gòu)物嗎？是， 她要去買一些水果。_ your mother_ go

19、 shopping this ?Yes, she _ . She _ _ _ buysome fruit.4._你們打算什么時(shí)候見(jiàn)面。What timeyoumeet?改句子5.Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定）Nancy _ going to go camping.6.Ill go and join them.（改否定）I _ go _ join them.7.Im going to get up at 6:30tomorrow.（改一般疑問(wèn)句）_ _to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?8._We will meet at the bus

20、stop at10:30.（改一般疑問(wèn)句）_ _ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.9.She is going to listen to music afterschool.（對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)）_ _ she _ _ _ afterschool?10.My father and mother aregoing to see a play the day after tomorrow.（同上）_ _ going to see a play the day aftertomorrow全身心記憶法根據(jù)測(cè)試，參與記憶單詞的器官和身體部位越多，單 詞在大腦中的印象就越深刻， 記憶的時(shí)間也就越長(zhǎng)。 邊讀邊 寫(xiě)邊記，除讀記所使用的發(fā)音器官和身體的其它部位外， 大 腦中樞還要指揮大臂帶動(dòng)小臂，小臂帶動(dòng)手掌， 手掌帶動(dòng)手 指，從而正確地書(shū)寫(xiě)單詞。這種方法避免了小和尚念經(jīng)， 因?yàn)橹灰⒁饬Σ患校?書(shū)寫(xiě)馬上就出錯(cuò)。 書(shū)寫(xiě)既是大腦中 樞的執(zhí)行行為，又是