1、計算機英語100句1. Bad file name or command. 錯誤的文件名或命令。2. Abort, Retry, Ignore? 中止，重試或取消？ 3. Please read the following license agreement. 請認真閱讀下列授權(quán)協(xié)議書。4. It is recommended you exit all the other applications before continuing with this installation. 建議安裝前先關(guān)閉其他所有的應(yīng)用程序。5. Press OK to continue installation of

2、 this software. 請單擊【OK】按鈕繼續(xù)安裝。6. Press F1 for Help. 按F1鍵請求幫助。7. Restart your computer and finish setup. 重啟你的計算機，完成安裝。8. Write protected disk in drive. 磁盤寫保護。9. Are you sure you want to continue Y/N? 確認繼續(xù)嗎？（是按Y不是按N鍵）10. Not enough memory. 內(nèi)存不足。11. Set the front of your monitor to face the east if pos

3、sible. 如果可能，請把您的顯示器的面板朝東12. When cleaning the outside of your monitor and picture tube, use a damp cloth or a cloth with a recommended detergent, please. 要清潔顯示器的外表和顯像管，請用濕布或蘸有推薦洗滌劑的布。13. Connect the power cord for your monitor to the power port on the back of the monitor. 把你的顯示器的電源線連接到顯示器背面的電源端口。14.

4、 Plug the power cord for the monitor into a nearby outlet. 把顯示器的電源線插在附近的一個插座上。15. Connect the end of the signal cable to your computers video port. 把信號電纜連接到計算機的視頻口上。16. If you are using a Macintosh computer, connect the cable to a Macintosh adapter, and set the pins on your adapter. 如果你使用的是Macintosh

5、計算機，則把電纜連接Macintosh適配器。17. Turn on your computer and monitor. 打開你的計算機和顯示器。18. If your monitor can display image, installation is completed. 如果顯示器可以顯示出圖像，那么安裝就完成了。19. If the product you have purchased does not include a CD-based manual, please visit the following URL to download users guide and drive

6、r installation file. 如果你購買的產(chǎn)品沒有CD光盤形式的使用手冊，請訪問以下網(wǎng)址下載用戶手冊和驅(qū)動程序安裝文件。20. The higher the refreshing rate is, the better the resolution becomes. However, this can be limited by the capacity of system. 刷新率越高，清晰度越高。但是，它有可能受限于系統(tǒng)的容量。21. Recommended rate: 85Hz (at least 75 Hz). 建議刷新率：85Hz（最小75Hz）。22. An inapp

7、ropriate refreshing rate may fatigue your eyes. 刷新率不合適，會使眼睛疲勞。23. The best resolution may differ from the size of monitor. 最佳分辨率可以因顯示器尺寸而有所不同。24. The main function of a processor is to interpret and carry out instructions. 處理器的主要作用就是解釋和執(zhí)行指令。25. Every processor has a set of operations such as ADD, ST

8、ORE and LOAD. 每個處理器都有諸如ADD、STORE和LOAD之類的操作碼。26. The keyboard is full of buttons, with which we can input data or program into the computer. 鍵盤上布滿了按鍵，我們可以通過它向計算機中輸入數(shù)據(jù)和程序。27. Control menu: It is standard in all windows, but its appearance will be changed if you have opened a particular window. The men

9、u contains a group of window commands. 控制菜單：它在所有的窗口中都是標準的，但如果你打開一個特殊的窗口時，它的外觀卻很可能要改變。它是包括一組窗口命令的菜單。28. Title menu: It indicates which program you are currently working in. When a window is active, its color will become blue. 標題菜單：它表明你當前正工作在哪一個程序。當一個窗口處于激活狀態(tài)時，它的顏色將變藍。29. When a window is maximized, t

10、he restore button replaces its maximize button. You can revert the window to its original size by clicking on this button once again. 當一個窗口已被最大化，還原按鈕就會取代最大化按鈕。再一次單擊這個按鈕，你就能把窗口恢復(fù)成它原來的大小。30. Minimize button: When you click on it, the window disappears and appears as a button on the taskbar. 最小化按鈕：當你單擊

11、它時，這個窗口將消失并以一個按鈕的方式出現(xiàn)在任務(wù)欄上。31. Close button: Selecting this button when you want to close a document or exit a program. 關(guān)閉按鈕：當你想要關(guān)閉一個文件或退出一個程序時，你可以選擇這個按鈕。32. Menu bar: Click on a menu item to display the menu and its commands. 菜單欄：單擊一個菜單名稱后將會顯示出整個菜單和它的命令。33. Tool bar: Clicking on a button will invok

12、e a specific command. 工具欄：單擊一個按鈕將會啟動一個特殊的命令。34. Scroll bar: When the information is not entirely displayed in the frame, vertical and horizontal scroll bars appear. Drag either scroll bar to side the information into view. 滾動條：當信息沒有在框架中完全顯示出來的時候，就會出現(xiàn)豎直的和水平的滾動條。拖動其中任一個都將使信息進入視線。35. Status bar: It pro

13、vides information regarding the current status. 狀態(tài)欄：它提供一些有關(guān)當前狀態(tài)的信息。36. The Central Processing Unit (CPU) is the heart of the computer system. The size of the CPU is becoming smaller and smaller, but its speed and capacity is increasing tremendously.中央處理器（CPU）是計算機系統(tǒng)的心臟。它的尺寸變得愈睞愈小，但它速度和容量卻大副的增長。37. Th

14、e CPU has two main parts: (1)the control unit and (2) the arithmetic / logic unit.中央處理器有兩個主要部分：（1）控制單元，（2）算術(shù)邏輯單元。38. The control unit does not execute instructions itself, it tells other parts of the computer system what to do.控制單元它本身并不執(zhí)行任何指令，它 告訴計算機系統(tǒng)其他部分各干什么。39. The ALU performs all the arithmetic

15、 and logical functions. ALU 執(zhí)行所有算術(shù)和邏輯功能。40. Before an instruction is executed, it is first retrieved from main memory and pout into a register. The function of the register is to temporarily store data and instructions.一個指令執(zhí)行前， 首先將其從主內(nèi)存中取出并放如寄存器內(nèi)。 寄存器的功能就是暫時存儲數(shù)據(jù)和指令。41. The term bus refers to an elec

16、trical pathway through which bits are transmitted between the various computer components.總線這個術(shù)語指的是二進制數(shù)碼在各種計算機部件之間傳送的電子通道。42. The language processor can convert the instructions into machine language the CPU can understand.語言處理器能把指令轉(zhuǎn)換成CPU能讀懂的機器語言。43. A well-designed CPU makes the computer have stron

17、g processing power, and high processing speed and uses the amount of main memory effectively.一個設(shè)計很好的CPU使計算機有很強的高速處理能力，并能夠有效地使用內(nèi)存。44. In machine language, data and instructions are represented in binary form.機器語言里，數(shù)據(jù)和指令都是用二進制形式表示。45. Main memory can be thought of as an electronic desktop. The more de

18、sk surface you have in front of you, the more you can place on it.主內(nèi)存可看成是個電子桌面。你面前的桌面越大，能放置的東西就越多。46. If your computer has a lot of memory, you can place more software instructions in.如果你的計算機內(nèi)存量大，你就能存放更多的軟件指令在里面。47. The name of RAM derives from the fact that data can be stored in and retrieved at ra

19、ndom. RAM 這個名字來自數(shù)據(jù)可被隨機存取這一事實。48. The CPU usually can only utilize those software instructions and data that are stored in main memory. CPU通常只能用那些在內(nèi)存里的指令和數(shù)據(jù)。49. The basic unit of the storage is bit. Bits are grouped to formed bytes, which, in true, are grouped to formed words. 存儲的基本單元是位。多個位就組成字節(jié)，字節(jié)依次

20、就組成了文字。50. A byte commonly contains 8 bits to represent a single character, and the ninth bit is used for error detection.一個字節(jié)通常有8位， 代表一個字符，而第9位是用來檢驗錯誤的。51. We can use an add-on memory card by pressing it into an expansion slot to expand the memory.我們可以把一個內(nèi)存卡插到一個擴展槽內(nèi)以擴展內(nèi)存。52. The instructions stored

21、 in ROM would not disappear when the power in the computer is turned off.存于只讀存儲器里的指令，當計算機電源切斷后也不會丟失。53. Cache memory is faster, smaller and more expensive than RAM, so it holds the instructions and data the CPU needs immediately.高速緩存器比RAM快，小，而且更貴，所以它只容納CPU立即要用的指令和數(shù)據(jù)。54. If the information stored in

22、RAM s to be retrieved at a later time, it must be transferred to another storage device or it will be lost hen the computer is turned off.如果存儲在RAM里的指令以后要使用的話，必須把它轉(zhuǎn)存到別的存儲裝置里去，否則計算機關(guān)閉時它會丟失。55. Diskettes are made of a special plastic that can be coated and easily magnetized.磁盤是由專用塑料外加可磁化涂層做成的。56. The c

23、apacity of a diskette is usually measured in thousands of bytes. 1,000 bytes is referred to as 1 kilobyte (k). 1,000 k or a million bytes is referred to as 1 megabyte (MB). One billion bytes is called a gigabyte (GB), and a terabyte (TB) is 1 trillion bytes.磁盤容量通常用千字節(jié)來度量。1千字節(jié)稱為1K。1，000K 或百萬字節(jié)叫做兆字節(jié)（M

24、B），十億字節(jié)叫做吉字節(jié)（GB）；萬億字節(jié)叫做太字節(jié)（TB）。57. Disk drives have two read/write heads so that the two surfaces of the diskettes can accessed at the same time.磁盤驅(qū)動器有兩個讀/寫磁頭，所以可以同時訪問磁盤雙表面。58. Bit, byte and character are often used interchangeably. 8 bits equal 1 byte, or a character.位，字節(jié)，和字符通?？梢曰Q。8位 等于1字節(jié)或1字符。59.

25、 A disk is divided into wedge-shaped areas called sectors.軟盤分成若干個楔形扇區(qū)。60. The main hardcopy output devices are printers and plotters. A printer can print characters, symbols, and usually graphics on paper.主要硬拷貝輸出設(shè)備是打印機和繪圖儀。打印機可以在紙上打印字符，代號，有時還能打印圖象。61. Impact printers usually form images by pressing

26、an inked ribbon against the paper with a hammer-like mechanism.擊打式打印機用一種象錘子式的機械裝置把色帶壓到紙上從而形成圖象。62. The main categories of no impact printers are ink-jet printer, thermal printers, and laser printers.主要的非擊打式打印機的種類有噴墨打印機、熱敏打印機和激光打印機。63. The main softcopy output devices are cathode-ray (CRT) video scre

27、ens and flat video screens.主要的軟拷貝輸出設(shè)備是陰極射線管（CRT）顯示屏和平板顯示屏。64. LCD stands for liquid crystal display, which is a type of flat panel display LCD指的是液晶顯示，它是一種平板顯示。65. The output hardware must be compatible with the equipment the computer already has.輸出硬件必須和計算機已有的設(shè)備匹配。66. CRTs can display images in one c

28、olor (monochrome) or several colors. RGB stands for 3 kinds of colorred, green, blue.陰極射線管（RGT）能顯示單色圖象，也可以顯示多色。RGB指的是能顯示三基色紅、綠、藍。67. We use terminals to input data to and retrieve data from a remotely located main system.我們用終端向遠處的主系統(tǒng)輸入和提取數(shù)據(jù)。68. There are three types terminals: they are “dumb”, “smar

29、t”, and “intelligent”.有三種類型的終端：它們是啞終端、靈巧終端和智能終端。69. An intelligent terminal, also called a programmable terminal, can input and retrieve data as well as do its own processing. An intelligent terminal is actually a microcomputer.智能終端，亦稱可編程終端，它既能輸入和提取數(shù)據(jù)，也能進行加工處理。智能終端實際上是臺微機。70. POS stands for point-of

30、-sale terminals while ATM for automated teller machine. POS代表零售點終端，而ATM是自動出納機。71. Many supermarkets have POS that are connected directly to a central computer.許多超市都有直接聯(lián)到中央計算機的零售終端。 72. Executive desktop workstations are intelligent terminals used by management professionals to assist them in their d

31、aily activities.桌面執(zhí)行工作站是專業(yè)管理人員用來處理日常事務(wù)的智能終端。73. A portable terminal is a terminal that users can carry with them to hook up to a central computer from remote locations, often via telecommunications facilities.便攜式終端用戶可以將終端帶在身邊，并可以從很遠的地方通過遠距離通訊設(shè)施與中央計算機連接。74. Any computer communication over telephone l

32、ines requires a modem.通過電話線進行的計算機通訊都需要有個調(diào)制解調(diào)器。75. When the microcomputer is used as a terminal, the data in it can be uploaded very quickly, -transmitted from the microcomputer to the main computer.當微機作為終端時，其中的數(shù)據(jù)可被快速轉(zhuǎn)載從微機傳到主計算機。76. Data move from here to there through transmission media, or channels

33、.數(shù)據(jù)由此及彼需通過傳輸媒介或通道。77. The transmission media used to support data transmission are telephone lines, coaxial cables, microwave systems, satellites systems, and fiber optic cables.用于支持數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)拿浇槭牵弘娫捑€、同軸電纜、微波系統(tǒng)、衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)和光纖。78. The three basic forms into which data can be converted for communication are: elect

34、ric pulses, electromagnetic waves, pulses of light.可以轉(zhuǎn)化為合適通信的三種數(shù)據(jù)基本形式是：電脈沖、電磁波和光脈沖。79. Transmission over telephone wires is noisier and slower because of the electromagnetic interference.由于電磁干擾，通過電話線的傳輸雜音大、速度慢。80. Coaxial cables are most often used as the primary communications medium for locally co

35、nnected networks.同軸電纜最常用作局域網(wǎng)絡(luò)通媒介。81. Microwave systems use the atmosphere as the medium through which to transmit signals.微波系統(tǒng)以大氣為媒介傳輸信號。82. The functions of microwave towers are receiving and boosting signals and sending them to the next station.微波塔的功能是接受和放大信號并將其轉(zhuǎn)至下一站。83. In fiber optics communicat

36、ions, signals are converted to light form and fired by laser in bursts.光纖通信時，信號轉(zhuǎn)化為光的形式并由激光器發(fā)出。84. Fiber optics communications networks can carry digital signals, thus increasing communications speed and capacity.光纖通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)攜帶的是數(shù)字信號，因此提高了通信速度和容量。85. Fiber optic cables are not susceptible to electronic noi

37、se and so have much lower error rates than normal telephone wire and cable.光纜對電子噪音不敏感，所以比通常的電話線和電纜有較低的誤差率。86. A database consists of a file or a set of files. The information in these files may be broken down into records, each of which consists of one or more fields. Fields are the basic units of d

38、ata storage, and each field typically contains information pertaining to one aspect or attribute of the entity described by the database. Using keywords and various sorting commands, users can rapidly search, rearrange, group, and select the fields in many records to retrieve or create reports on pa

39、rticular aggregates of data.一個數(shù)據(jù)庫由一個文件或文件集合組成。這些文件中的信息可分解成一個個記錄，每個記錄有一個或多個域。域是數(shù)據(jù)存儲的基本單位，每個域一般含有由數(shù)據(jù)庫描述的屬于實體的一個方面或一個特性的信息。用戶使用鍵盤和各種排序命令，能夠快速查找、重排、分組并在查找的許多記錄中選擇相應(yīng)的域，建立特定集上的報表。87. In flat databases 2, records are organized according to a simple list of entities; many simple databases for personal compu

40、ters are flat in structure. The records in hierarchical databases are organized in a treelike structure, with each level of records branching off into a set of smaller categories. Unlike hierarchical databases, which provide single links between sets of records at different levels, network databases

41、 create multiple linkages between sets by placing links, or pointers, to one set of records in another; the speed and versatility of network databases have led to their wide use in business.在非結(jié)構(gòu)化的數(shù)據(jù)庫中，按照實體的一個簡單列表組織記錄；很多個人計算機的簡易數(shù)據(jù)庫是非結(jié)構(gòu)的。層次型數(shù)據(jù)庫按樹型組織記錄，每一層的記錄分解成更小的屬性集。層次型數(shù)據(jù)庫在不同層的記錄集之間提供一個單一鏈接，與此不同，網(wǎng)絡(luò)型數(shù)

42、據(jù)庫在不同記錄集之間提供多個鏈接，這是通過設(shè)置指向其它記錄集的鏈或指針來實現(xiàn)的。網(wǎng)絡(luò)型數(shù)據(jù)庫的速度及多樣性使其在企業(yè)中得到廣泛應(yīng)用。88. Computer languages have undergone dramatic evolution since the first electronic computers were built. Early on, programmers worked with the most primitive computer instructionsmachine language. These instructions were represented

43、by long strings of ones and zeroes. Soon, assembly language was invented. It maps machine instructions to human-readable mnemonics, such as ADD and MOV. 自從第一批電子計算機誕生以來，計算機語言已經(jīng)發(fā)生了戲劇性的變化。在早期，程序員使用最為原始的計算機指令機器語言來工作，這些指令由一長串的0和1組成。不久，匯編語言發(fā)明了，它是把機器指令變換成易于閱讀的助記符，如ADD、MOV等。89. In time, higher-level languag

44、es evolved, such as PASCAL, BASIC, COBOL, C, C+, and JAVA. These languages let people work with something approximating words and sentences, such as Let I = 100. These instructions were translated back into machine language by interpreters and compilers. An interpreter translates a program as it rea

45、ds it, turning the program instructions, or code, directly into actions. A compiler translates the code into an intermediary form. This step is called compiling, and produces an object file. The compiler then invokes a linker, which turns the object file into an executable program. 往后，又推出了高級語言，如PASC

46、AL、BASIC、COBOL、C、C+、JAVA。這些語言使用的是近似于人們常用的詞語或語句，如Let I100。這些指令由解釋器或編譯器翻譯成機器語言。解釋器邊讀邊翻譯程序，把程序指令或代碼直接變成動作。編譯器把代碼翻譯成中間代碼。這一步叫做編譯，產(chǎn)生一個目標文件。接著，編譯程序調(diào)用鏈接程序，由鏈接程序把目標文件變?yōu)榭蓤?zhí)行程序。90. Because interpreters read the code as it is written and execute the code on the spot, interpreters are easy for the programmer to

47、work with. Compilers, however, introduce the extra steps of compiling and linking the code, which is inconvenient. Because the time-consuming task of translating the source code into machine language has already been accomplished, compilers produce a program that is very fast each time it is run. 因為

48、解釋程序是讀出代碼就執(zhí)行，所以程序員易于使用；但是編譯程序卻增加了一些額外的步驟來編譯和鏈接代碼，相比之下則不方便?？墒蔷幾g程序產(chǎn)生的程序運行起來非?？欤驗榘言创a翻譯成機器語言這一耗時的任務(wù)已經(jīng)完成了。91. The problems programmers are asked to solve have been changing. Todays programs use sophisticated user-friendly interfaces, involving multiple windows, menus, and dialog boxes. The programs wri

49、tten to support this new approach are far more complex than those written just ten years ago. Generally, as programming requirements have changed, both languages and the techniques used for writing programs have evolved. 程序員要解決的問題一直在變化。今天，程序使用了復(fù)雜的“用戶友好界面”，包含多重窗口、菜單、對話框。比起10年前的程序來，支持這些新方法的程序要復(fù)雜得多?？傊?，

50、隨著程序設(shè)計需求的變化，計算機程序設(shè)計語言和程序設(shè)計技術(shù)都已產(chǎn)生了變化。92. Computer programming is the activity of developing programs, or lists of instructions, that control the operation of a computer. Computer systems consist of hardware and software. Hardware comprises the electronic and physical parts of the computer. In contras

51、t, software comprises the programs that reside and control each hardware component. Without a software program, a computer is as useless as a bus without a driver. 計算機編程就是開發(fā)程序或者列出控制計算機運行指令的行為。計算機系統(tǒng)由硬件和軟件組成。硬件包含了計算機中的電子的和物理的部件，而軟件包含了控制各硬件部件的程序。沒有了軟件程序，一臺計算機就像一輛沒有司機的汽車一樣是沒有用的。93. Computer programs are

52、 expressed in precise notations called computer languages. The programs for elementary computer processes are written in low-level languages. These languages are difficult for the ordinary user to follow. High-level languages strike a compromise between the precise meanings required by the machine a

53、nd spoken language of the users. Common high-level languages include BASIC, C, COBOL and PASCAL. A major activity in programming is the expressing of the steps of a program in one or more languages. 計算機程序由稱為計算機語言的精確符號表示。計算機處理的基本程序是由低級語言編寫的，這些語言一般人難以掌握。高級語言是要求精確意義的機器語言和使用者自然語言的折中。一般用來設(shè)計應(yīng)用程序的高級語言有：BAS

54、IC、C、COBOL和PASCAL。編程的主要工作就是用一種或多種語言表示程序的詳細過程。94. As an example, for a payroll program, requirements specify how many paychecks must be processed, and what calculations need to be performed. In the design specification stage, directions are provided for meeting the requirements by quantifying the pro

55、cessing steps in greater detail. For this, an algorithm is devised. Coding is the stage in which the design is turned into steps expressed in a chosen programming language. In the testing stage, the programs are verified as being correct with respect to the requirements and design specification. The

56、 final stage is maintenance in which enhancements and corrections are made. It is the most lengthy and costly stage of programming. 以工資管理程序程序為例，需求指定有多少工資必須處理，需要完成什么樣的計算。在設(shè)計規(guī)格階段，通過更詳細地確定處理步驟以提供滿足需求的方向。因此，需要設(shè)計一個算法。在編碼階段，用某一個選定的程序設(shè)計語言將設(shè)計表達出來。在測試階段，檢驗程序是否符合設(shè)計需求。最后是維護階段，在此階段要增強軟件功能和改正軟件錯誤，這個階段也是程序中最漫長和花費

57、最大的階段。95. Generally, computer programming is a costly and time-consuming activity. Approaches to improving the programmers are being pursued. These include inventing higher-level languages or more powerful languages, inventing utility programs that assist programmers, and inventing new methods of pr

58、ogramming. 總之，計算機編程是一個昂貴、費時的過程。人們研究了許多方法以提高程序員的生產(chǎn)率，包括發(fā)明更高級的或更強大的語言，發(fā)明實用程序以輔助程序員和發(fā)明新的編程方法。96. All programs have bugs. The bigger the program, the more bugs, and many of those bugs actually get out the door and into final released software. That this is true does not make it okay. Making robust, bug-f

59、ree programs is the number-one priority of anyone serious about programming. 凡是程序都會出錯。程序越大，錯誤越多。實際上，很多錯誤會被帶到最終的發(fā)行版本中去。當然，這是不行的。編寫強大、無錯誤程序是任何認真的程序設(shè)計人員頭等重要的事情。97. The single biggest problem in the software industry is buggy, unstable code. The biggest expense in many major programming efforts is testing and fixing. The person who solves the problem of producing good, soli