1、從無(wú)到有 開始Begin, start, begin with, spring, start up, set off on, break out, strike up, originate from,;Initiate, launch, originate, sprout; unfold; unleash outset, onset,Rudimentary, elementary,出現(xiàn)Appear, appear to be, emerge, arise, loom, turn out, show up, com out, come into sight/view, come forth發(fā)生H

2、appen, occur, take place, come about,Happening occurrence產(chǎn)生 ,創(chuàng)造create, produce, bring about, yield, give birth to, bear, bring into being, generate, beget germinate;Invent, innovate, renovate, plan, design, imagine, conceive, devise, formulate, imagine, envision,建立Found, set, built up, construct, in

3、stitute, constitute, set up, establish 制造 ,組成Make, make up, produce, construct, turn out, manufacture, form, shape, compose, compile, concoct, fabricate生長(zhǎng)壯大復(fù)制 ,繁殖 58Copy, duplicate, reproduce, multiply.發(fā)育，開展Grow, develop, breed, bring up, nurture, cultivate, hone, raise, foster, (主動(dòng) )Develop, advanc

4、e, progress, move forward, go forward, proceed自我成長(zhǎng)Burgeon, flourish, thrive, bloom, blossom, boom, prosper;保持，延續(xù)Continue, last, carry on, keep on, keep, remain maintain retainPerpetuate,Persevere, stick with, insist on, persist in,Continuous, incessant, permanent, constant, steady, unbroken, perpetu

5、al, everlasting, eternal, lasting, unending, uninterrupted, undying, immortal, invariable,存在 ,生存Exist ， found, stand, lay in, be rooted in，be embedded in,Substance, matter, object, material, stuff, things, entity,individual, creature, beings,Topic, subject, issue, theme, gist, item, content, point,E

6、xtant, existing, in existence, substantive, ubiquitous, omnipresent, universal,survive ， outlive ， outlast, remain alive ，Endure, undergo,從有到無(wú)結(jié)束，停止 53stop ， finish, be over, cease, discontinue, wind up, bring to an end(close, halt), endto an end, end up, terminate ， quench ， quell ，run out, expire,

7、concludeadjourn/dissolve/lull/subvert,abortaive,Surcease, cessation,impasse, deadlock, logjam, stalemate,Ultimate, final, eventual,Abeyance, suspend, interruption, brake, halt, pause,，come死亡 ,消滅Perish, annihilate, kill, exterminate, take life, slay, hatchet, slaughter, assassinate, famish, smother,

8、throttle, strangle, stifle, decimate,Die, pass away, perish, expire, run out,decease, death, demise,Defunct, moribund, dying,Fatal, formidable, deadly, fatality.取消 ,廢除 550Cancel, annul, call off, do away with,Abolish, desuetude, disuse, abandon, repeal, revoke, invalidate, rescind, nullifyObsolete,

9、out of date, outmoded, out of fashion, old-fashioned,除去 551Remove ， erase ， delete, extinguish, exterminate, eliminate, eradicate, extirpate, effaceclear away, throw away, do away with, wipe out, get rid of , rule out,Obliterate, expurgate, expunge, purify, purge,破壞Destroy, damage, wreck, devastate,

10、 raze, ravage, knock down, demolish, vandalize, tear down, ruin, spoil, dilapidate,Perdition ，detrimental ， harmful, injurious,topple down/inclement/傷害Damage Bruise, mar, maul, do harm to, injure, wound, hurt, impair, harm, hurt, wound, harm, break, fracture, maim, cripple, mangle, mutilate;cut, gas

11、h, fracture, break災(zāi)禍Disaster, catastrophic, calamity, cataclysm, carnage, massacre, holocaust, decimate, wreck, accident,Misfortune, hapless, mishap,逐漸消亡Rot way, perish, decay, disintegrate, decompose, deteriorate, molder, aggravate, worsen, exacerbate, corrupt,Rotten, decayed, corrupt, damaged;decr

12、epit ,decrepitude, dilapidate狀態(tài)之改變正面能力，強(qiáng)，權(quán)力Enable, facilitate, empower, entitle, enhance,Strengthen, reinforce, sustain, countenance, consolidate,Able, be capable of doing , competent, potent, omnipotent, puissant, resourcefulAbility, capability, capacity, skill, forte， competence, facultyIntelligen

13、ce, aptitude, flair, talentClever, bright, talented, astute, wisdom, wise, smart, acumen,Hegemony, puissance, resource, power, energy, authority, influence, impact, supremacy, potency, strength, force, vigor;大Aggrandize, amplify, augment, broaden, widen, extend, enlarge, magnify, enlarge,Exaggerate,

14、 overstate, overstress, overemphasize,多,增加Enrich, increase, add to, abound, fill, fill up, replenish, stock up, add, put in, raise,Accrue, mount up, augment, accumulate, riseAbundant, plentiful, more than enough, profuse, copious, rich, wealthy, generous, numerous, in great numbers;sufficient, enoug

15、h, adequate, ample, as much as necessary,Increment, accretion, growth, augmentation,高Raise, lift up, improve, enhance, elevate, escalate, heave, heighten, hoist,Rise, increase, ascend, mount, go up, climb scale, jack up, skyrocket, surge, upsurgeHigh, tall, in height, lofty, towering, lanky;Height,

16、stature, elevation, altitude有助Help, assist, aid, subsidize, help to, conduce to, contribute to, function to, be of assistance, lend a hand, facilitate, enhance,Helper, aide, assistant, accessory, ancillary, accomplice, auspices, 支持Support, bolster, boost, brace, buttress, espouse, proponent, underpi

17、n, embrace, exponent,快 216Accelerate, hasten, speed up, quicken up, expediteRun, scurry, scuttle, scamper, prance, gallop, sprint, scud, Dart, fleet, rush,Fast, quick, rapid, swift, expeditious, speedy, fleeting, briskSpeed, swiftness, pace, velocity, rapidity, tempo, rate, quickness, promptness,有效

18、,起作用Effective, efficient, effectual, successful, useful, helpful, functional, applicable, operative, working, active, functioning, in operation, in use,Available, serviceable,Impact, influence,自由，解脫Release, free, set free, set off, liberate, unshackle, unfetter, emancipate, manumit, disentangle, unt

19、angle, extricate, unravel,中性變Change, alter, modify, vary, turn, become, adjust, amend, transform, distort, modulate, transmute, shift, transfigure,Fluctuate, move, revolutionize, alternate, shiftDiversified, volatile, fickle, mercurial, protean, erratic, eccentric, irregular, inconsistent,Changeable

20、, unsettled, variable, malleable, mutable,Change, alteration, variation, modification, transition, renovation, recondition, mutation; 修改Redress, rectify, revise, emend, renovate, innovate, recondition,負(fù)面弱Weaken, enervate, vitiate, sap, impair, emaciate, attenuate, diluteWane, sag, fade, flag, deteri

21、orate, exacerbate, wither, blight, dry up, wilt, sere, sear, shrink, shrivel,Weak, feeble, effete, wan, frail, lacking in strength, impotent, feeble, lethargicInfirmity, weakness, decadence, decadent,減少，降低Lower, reduce, decrease, drop off, abate, decline, dwarf, dwindle, rarefy, curtail, shorten, ab

22、ridge, truncate, dock, decline, slump, eclipse, subside, shrink, ebb,Diminish, lessen, debase, dilute, moderate, die down, grow less intense, cut down, ebb, cut back,慢Decelerate, slow, slow down, retard, hold back,Slow, sluggish,Postpone, put off, delay, defer, procrastinate, adjourn,Dilatory, tardy

23、, slack, sluggish,平息reconcile, comfort, placate, conciliate, reassure， allay, calm, console, soothe, pacify,assuage, mitigate, palliate, salve, temper,palliation, reconciliation,禁止，限制Prohibit, proscribe, forbid, ban, restrain, interdict, overrule, veto, stop fromLimit, restrict, confine, blockade, f

24、etter, shackle, circumscribeProhibited, forbidden, banned, illegal, outlawed, proscribed, taboo;Durance, taboo,控制 , 抑制Control, wield, hold, steer, helm, maneuver, manipulate, dominate, regulate, rein in, direct, rule, govern, reign, regimentCurb, bridle, yoke, restrain inhibit smolder, suffocate， re

25、frain from阻礙 455Hinder, hamper, check, stunt, impede, block, obstruct, retard, interrupt, hold back, prevent from, forestall, keep from, deter from, discountenance, lumber, thwart, stem, stymie, frustrate, stump, stem,Entangle, enmesh, ensnare, entrap,Barrier, obstacle, obstruction, impediment, setb

26、ack, hindrance, hurdle, blockade, blockage,morass, predicament, plight, straits, quandary,strait,預(yù)防Forestall, proselytize, preclude, prevent,干預(yù) 432Interfere, intervene, intercede, meddle, annoy, vex, nettle, perturb, disturb, discomfit, molest, pester, bother, annoy, harass, intrude,Mediate,Inroad,

27、raid, assail, assault, attack, trespass, infringe, attack, foray, intrude, encroach,Turbulence, disturbance得到，付出付出給Give, offer, endow, endue, present, bestow, provide, supply, furnishImpart, instruct, apprise, teach, instill, inculcate,Proffer, confer, donate, contribute, subscribe, bequeath,Issue,

28、flow out, release,支出Cost, spend, pay, pay out, expend, disburse,Prodigal, profligate, splurge, spendthrift, dissipate frugal, scrimp, skimp, abstemious,Expenditure, subvention,歸還,償 439Return, hand out, restore, reciprocate, remunerate, revert,Compensate, reimburse, indemnify, expiate, atonement,Sala

29、ry, remuneration, Emolument, honorarium, 分配Distribute, allocate, issue, hand out, apportion, allot, dispense, ration, allot, assign, designate;Distribution, dispensation ration, allotment 施加impose, entail, exert, inflict, suppress, subjugate, compress ,repress, coerce，使?jié)MSuffice, satiate, satisfy, ca

30、ter, sate, meet requirement, gratifySuffuse, implant, instill, infuse, fill, impregnate,放棄Relinquish, give up, disclaim, abdicate, abjure, waive, renounce, recant, wean, forsake, abdicate, desert, forswear, renounce, repudiate, forgo, disown, disavow, abandonRenunciation,獲得得到Get, receive, Accept, at

31、tain, acquire, obtain, gain, repossess, retrieve, procure, catch,Earn, profit, embezzle, peculate, defalcate, graft, appropriate,Obtainable, accessible, receptive,Receiver, recipient, procurement 奪Deprive, take away, exact, extort, dispossess, bereave, divest, strip,Loot, ravage, ransack, sack, desp

32、oil, plunder, rapine, snatch, ,exploit, distill,Confiscate, impound, sequestrate, forfeit, expropriateExaction, depredation, spoliation,吸引Attract, appeal, fascinate, draw, charm, intrigue, enchant, tempt, allure, enchant, enthrall, rivet, fix, spellbind, intoxicate, engross, occupy, captivate, enamo

33、r,Attractive, appealing, charming, pleasing, attractiveness, fascination, charisma, personal, magnetism, attraction, fascination,包含 510Contain, consist of, comprise, cover, encompass, span, contain, encompass, subsume, consist of, include, involve, embroil, implicate, ;Configuration component ，需要Req

34、uire, call for, need, demand, necessitate,Necessary, required, requisite, essential,Requisite, prerequisite, requirement, precondition,使使Cause to be, make, lead to, render, turn into, trigger, activate, cause,要求，請(qǐng)求，Request, ask, entreat, demand, petition, appeal toSolicit, invoke, plead, implore, be

35、seech, adjure,Dictate, command, mandate, order, instruct, charge,Imperative, essential, compulsory, mandatory, urgent, obligatory,Request, requisition, petition, invocation;促使， 勸說(shuō)，Advise, urge, argue, advocate, persuade, sway, influence,Convince, expostulate, exhort, hortative刺激， 激發(fā)，鼓勵(lì)Stimulate, act

36、ivate, spur, incite, agitate, inspire, arouse, excite, provoke, actuate, incite, foment, stir up, trigger, Kindle, enkindle, igniteencourage, motivate, invigorate, prompt, instigate,Impetuous, impulsive;Drive, motivation, incentive, inducement, impetus推動(dòng)，驅(qū)動(dòng)，迫使Push, drive, propel, force, oblige, prop

37、el, compel goad威逼利誘欺騙， 偽裝Deceive, dupe, cheat, swindle, hoodwink,Disguise,Duplicity, artifice, chicanery, deception, scheme, subterfuge, duplicity.引誘Beguile, lure, tempt, allure, entice, tantalize, coax, delude, cozen, beguile,Guile, deceit, cunning, wile, trickeryWily威嚇Threaten, menace, intimidate

38、,hector, frighten, bully,Threatening, menacing,Threat, menace允許 ,成認(rèn)Allow, let, permit, licenseAllowance, license, permission, consent, sanction, authorization心理想要期望Expect, look forward to, wait for, look ahead to, suppose, anticipate, await欲望，欲求Wish, want, desire, long, yearn, aspire, crave, hanker,

39、 covet:Desirous, eager, avid, greedy, acquisitive, much desired, coveted, ambitious, enterprising;Longing, aspiration, yearning, ambition, avarice, desire for, appetite, desire意圖Intend, tend to, mean, plan, be inclined to, predispose, resolve, prone to, apt to, disposedto, attempt to, aim to, be set

40、 to, have in mind, slantIntentionally, purposely, deliberately, consciously,Intention, motive, tendency, trend, proclivity, inclination, acclivity declivity,Liable, inclined to, willingly, likely不愿意Waver, hesitate, oscillate, vacillate, boggle, pause, falter,reluctant, unwilling ， irresolute, indeci

41、sive, undetermined, uncertain, undecided, unsure,Reluctantly, unwillinglyReluctance, unwillingness認(rèn)知感覺，覺察Sense, feel, savor, be conscious of, be aware of, regain consciousness, perceive, Cognize, regard,Detect, identify, notice, recognize, observe,Heed, pay/give heed to, take heed/notice of, notice,

42、 pay/give attention toConscious, aware capable of feeling, sentient, percipient, cognizant,Consciousness, awareness, feeling, sense, sensation,Attention, heed, notice思考Think, consider, ponder, speculate, contemplate, reflect, muse, ponder, contemplate, muse, meditate, ruminate, chew, deliberate, tak

43、e into account, take into consideration, cross one's mind, flash across one's mind, pass through one's mind, occur to sbthoughtful, meditative, pensivethought,consideration,reflection,contemplation理解know, understand, realize, appreciate, grasp, apprehend, figure out, be informed about, r

44、ead, make out, go one' s idea across, decipher, decode, recognize, comprehend, beacquainted with, be familiar with,無(wú)視，忘記 , 沒(méi)感覺Forget, not remember, neglect, ignore, overlook, disregard, pay no attention to, take no notice ofCondone, excuse, and forgive, pardon, absolve, exonerate, extenuate,Obli

45、vious, remiss, delinquent, negligent,Neglectful, forgetfulOblivion, remission, omission.Amnesia, amnesty, inattention, oversightIgnorant, unknown, unconscious, unaware, insensitive, unresponsive 清楚clarify, elucidate, shed light on, illuminate, make clear explicit, overt, precise, unambiguous, plain,

46、 clear, unequivocal, clarity, clearness, lucidity, transparency, simplicity, precision.迷惑Confuse, puzzle, muddle, bewilder, perplex, baffle, nonplus, flummox, disconcert, confound, mix up, fluster, obscure, obfuscate, perplexQuandary, dilemma, plight, predicament,態(tài)度正面 贊成 ,同意Approve, endorse, grant,

47、confirm, ratify, agree with, consent, endorse, approbate, assent, approve, accord, agree, accede, resonate,Unanimous, in full accord,Approval, agreement, concurrence, unanimity, approbation. Uniformity, consistency, endorsement, confirmation, ratification, sanction,allow, permit, let, consent to肯定，相

48、信Certain, sure, ascertain,positive, confident, convinced, assured,Inevitable, certainly, surely, positively, definitely, confidently, assuredly, inevitably, undoubtedly, unquestionably, unequivocallyBelieve, trust, entrust, have faith in, fidelity, loyalty, faith, affidavit, conviction,Love, be fond

49、 of, like, favor,worship, adore,Laud, praise, commend, extol, exalt, exult, eulogize, honor, pay tribute to,hymn, paean, carol, psalm, encomium,不喜歡，Loath, hate, dislike, abhor, repulse, repel, abominate, detest,Heinous, odious, hateful, repellent, repulsive, repugnant obnoxious,Aversion, odium, aver

50、sion, revulsion, abhorrence,不同意，反對(duì)Disagree, dissent, reject, and disallow discord,Contradict, gainsay, say the opposite to, oppose, counter, be in opposition to, go up against, defy, controvert, impugn,Inconsistent, contradictory, in disagreement, at oddsDisharmony, dissonanceOpposing, dissenting, o

51、pposite, contradictory, override contrariwise, oppositely;Dispute, argue,反駁Refute, rebut, retort, deny, confute, contest, disprove羞辱，貶義Embarrass, humiliate, disgrace, dishonor, mortify, demean, discomfit, degrade, undermineEmbarrassed, ashamed, unembarrassed, unabashedHumiliation, chagrin憂慮Worry abo

52、ut, fret over, feel anxious, uneasy about, be concerned about,fret, agony,Anxious, uneasy;Anxiety, concern, uneasiness, disquietedness, nervousness疑問(wèn) ,不相信Doubt, query, question, inquiry,Discredit, distrust, disbelieve, mistrust, suspect, be suspicious of, have doubts aboutDoubtful, misgiving, skepti

53、cal, dubious, incredulous,;Doubt, incertitude, questioning, skepticism, implausibility, incredibility批評(píng)，譴責(zé)Criticize, censure, condemn, denounce, attack, rail, rebuke, blame, reprove, reprimand,reproach; diatribe, reproof, reprimand分久必合，合久必分合，和同,等 , 似Accord, match, equal, like, resemble, approximate,

54、Same, unified, matching, much the same, be similar to, akin to, the same as, equivalent, identical parallelEquivalent, congruity, concord, parallel, similarity, parallelism, tantamount, tally,Resemble, bear a resemblance to, be like, look like, simulate, take after, imitate, mimic, copy, emulate,比擬C

55、ompare, contrast, weigh against, judge against, balance, parallelComparatively, relatively適合Suitable, fit, suited, proper, right, appropriate, apposite, apropos, opportune, fitting, apt, suitably, properly, rightly, appropriately, fittingly, aptly,相容Compatible, well-matched, well-suited, attuned, co

56、mpanionable, congenial, affable, amicable,Accommodate, Harbor, lodge,陪伴Accompany with, go along with, go together with, go with, come with, keep sb. Company, join, escort, convoy, cling to合作 ,合并Work together, cooperate, come together, and collaborate, join forces, team up,Merge, unite, connect, bond

57、, bring together, combine, associate, amalgamate, swallow up, become one, come together, Affiliate, annex, coalesce, incorporate, integrate, put together, join together.Involve, embroil, include,Weld, join, solder,Merger, combination, solidarity, coalition, cohesion, conglomeration, agglomeration, confluence, Rapport, rapprochement, inseparable,聚集Gather, accumulate, amass, collect, pile up, heap up, compile, assemble, garner, convene, summon, organize, call together,swarm, throng, teem, crowdRal