1、Subjunctive Mood虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣條件條件從句從句If 從句的謂語(yǔ)形從句的謂語(yǔ)形式式主句的謂語(yǔ)形式主句的謂語(yǔ)形式現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在過去過去未來未來V. + ed (were)had donewould/could/should/might +V (原原)would/could/should/might+have+p.p.1.V.+ ed.2. should+ V.(原原)3. were to dowould/could/should/might +V. (原原)一一. 虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中的用法。虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中的用法。二二. 虛擬語(yǔ)氣特殊句型虛擬語(yǔ)氣特殊句型:1. wish

2、的賓語(yǔ)的賓語(yǔ)從句從句現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在: 過去時(shí)（過去時(shí)（were）過去過去: 過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)未來未來: would/could/might +V. shouldI wish every day were my birthday.I wish/wished I hadnt eaten so much watermelon.(2) 表示對(duì)表示對(duì)過去情況過去情況的虛擬的虛擬:從句動(dòng)詞從句動(dòng)詞常用常用“had過去分詞過去分詞”。I wish it would rain tomorrow.2. would rather that現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在:過去過去:未來未來:I would rather you paid

3、me now.I would rather you had attended the meeting yesterday.Dont come. I would rather you came tomorrow.過去時(shí)過去時(shí)過去時(shí)過去時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)3. as if /though + Clause 現(xiàn)在：現(xiàn)在：過去：過去：過去時(shí)過去時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)She loves the baby as if it were her own son.I remember the whole thing as if it had happened yesterday.4. Its (about/h

4、igh) time +that過去時(shí)過去時(shí)(were)Should(不省不省) +V.我們?cè)撊ノ覀冊(cè)撊ニX了。睡覺了。Its time that we went to bed.Its time that we should go to bed. 5. 表示要求表示要求,命令命令,建議的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。建議的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。使用使用should + 動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形, 或者將或者將should省略。省略。賓語(yǔ)從句中常見動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)從句中常見動(dòng)詞: 一個(gè)堅(jiān)持一個(gè)堅(jiān)持, 兩個(gè)命令兩個(gè)命令, 三個(gè)建議三個(gè)建議, 四個(gè)要求。即四個(gè)要求。即1). insist 2). order, command 3). advise,

5、 suggest, propose4). demand, require, request, desire eg; 1. We suggested that Tom have a rest. 2. He insisted that I (should) be present .注意注意: 如如suggest, insist不表示不表示“建議建議” 或或“堅(jiān)持要某人做某事時(shí)堅(jiān)持要某人做某事時(shí)”, 即它們用于其即它們用于其本意本意“暗示、表明暗示、表明”、“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”時(shí)時(shí),賓賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)氣。語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)氣。1. The guard at gate insisted that ever

6、ybody _ (obey) the rules.2. He insisted that she _ (be)seriously ill and that _ (send) to hospitals at once.obeywasbe sent3. He suggested that we _ (have) a meeting at once.4. His pale face suggested that he _ (be) ill.havewas以上動(dòng)詞相應(yīng)的名詞構(gòu)成的名詞性從句以上動(dòng)詞相應(yīng)的名詞構(gòu)成的名詞性從句包括主語(yǔ)從句包括主語(yǔ)從句, 表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)也要表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)也要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣

7、使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣, 從句中的動(dòng)詞形式一樣。從句中的動(dòng)詞形式一樣。order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, request, desireIts suggested that the plan be carried out.My demand is that she should come to see me once a week.All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory should be closed down.6. without和和but for 構(gòu)成虛擬。構(gòu)成虛擬。but

8、for要不是要不是 Without sunlight, peoples life would be different from today. But for your help, I wouldnt have finished the work. Without your help, I would have failed. But for water, it would be impossible to live in the desert.7. If only 要是就好了要是就好了 If only I knew his name! If only we had followed your

9、 advice! If only I could see him again!8. Its necessary/strange/natural/ important/pity/no wonder/impossible + that-Clause 從句中的動(dòng)詞要用虛擬從句中的動(dòng)詞要用虛擬, 即即(should)+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language.It is strange that she refuse to come to the party.三三. 虛擬語(yǔ)氣假設(shè)條件句型注意點(diǎn)虛擬語(yǔ)氣假設(shè)條

10、件句型注意點(diǎn): 1. 假設(shè)條件從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生的時(shí)間與假設(shè)條件從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞發(fā)生的時(shí)間與主句所假設(shè)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不一致主句所假設(shè)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不一致, 叫做叫做錯(cuò)綜條件虛擬語(yǔ)氣。主句和從句的謂錯(cuò)綜條件虛擬語(yǔ)氣。主句和從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要依照假設(shè)的時(shí)間而定。語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要依照假設(shè)的時(shí)間而定。If the weather had been finer, the crops would be growing still better.If you had followed the teachers advice, you wouldnt be in the hospital.2. 假設(shè)條件虛擬倒裝。假設(shè)條件虛擬倒裝。

11、條件從句中有條件從句中有should, were, had三個(gè)助動(dòng)詞可以把三個(gè)助動(dòng)詞可以把if省略省略,并將這三個(gè)詞提至句首。并將這三個(gè)詞提至句首。 If I were you, I would give it up. Were I you, I would give it up. .If I had had time, I would have run round that lake again.Had I had time, I would have run round that lake again.If there should be a flood, what should we d

12、o?Should there be a flood, what should we do? Choose the best answerA.is B. would have been C. will be D. would beA. wouldnt be B. will not have beenC. wouldnt have been D. would have not been虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣(2)Practice3. Without electricity, human life _ be quite different.4. It is natural that he _ get an

13、gry with her.A.shall B. should C. will D. wouldA.shall B. will C. should D. would 5. It is strange that she _ marry such an ugly man.6. Its a great pity that you _so.A.would B. should C. will D. shallA.think B. thought C. will think D. is thought7. Alan _ the party if he had gone to London.8. If I h

14、ad known you were coming, I _ you at the airport.A.would have missed B. had missedC. would miss D. missedA.had met B. would have metC. would meet D. met9. If only I _ to my parents! (But I didnt.)10. Tom suggested that Ann _ the house.A.listened B. had listenedC. should listen D. would listenA.sell

15、B. soldC. shall sell D. would sell11. I wish this bus _ to the university.12. He is talking so much about America as if he _ there.A.go B. wentC. has gone D. had goneA.had been B. were C. was D. been13. Have you ever been to Beijing? - No, but I wish I _.14. I dont think it is high time that you _.

16、A. have B. will C. do D. hadA. will go B. went C. go D. must go15. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it . 16. He is talking so much about America as if he _ there.A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been brokenA.had been B. were C. was D. beenChoose the best answer17. Our teacher insisted that we _ in class.18. They suggested that the experiment _ made in another way.A. not to talk B. dont talkC. could not talk D. should not talkA .be B. must be C. may be D. would be19. Yesterday