1、Unit3 Grammar1.I must say I really enjoyed it.2.I think it is funny to make a bet like that.3.Henry tells the brothers that he worked for a mining company in America.4.Henry tells them that he is hoping to find a job.5.The brothers want to know whether Henry has any money.6.I think Henry will be hap

2、py with what is inside the envelope.Object clause 賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句ClauseAdverbial clause 狀語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)從句Attributive clause 定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句Noun clauseSubject clause 主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句Object clause 賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句Predicative Clause 表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句Appositive clause 同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句4 名詞性從句名詞性從句相當(dāng)于名詞，可分別作主句的相當(dāng)于名詞，可分別作主句的主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)。因此，名詞性主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)。因此，

3、名詞性從句可分為主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句從句可分為主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句 、賓語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句。和同位語(yǔ)從句。1、賓語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句 賓語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中起賓語(yǔ)作用，可以作賓語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中起賓語(yǔ)作用，可以作及物動(dòng)詞和及物動(dòng)詞和介詞介詞的賓語(yǔ)，也可以置于某些的賓語(yǔ)，也可以置于某些形容詞形容詞,如如afraid，sure，surprised，happy，glad, pleased d等，后作賓語(yǔ)。等，后作賓語(yǔ)。一、由連接詞一、由連接詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，不充當(dāng)任何句子成引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，不充當(dāng)任何句子成分?？谡Z(yǔ)中常省略此分?？谡Z(yǔ)中常省略此that，但是如果從句為并列句，第，但是如果從句為并列句

4、，第二個(gè)分句的二個(gè)分句的that常不省。常不省。 I suggest （that） she _ the work alone. Our teacher said the test was important and _ prepare for it well.(我們應(yīng)該）我們應(yīng)該） should dothat we should注注在一些動(dòng)詞，如在一些動(dòng)詞，如think，find，make, consider等等后后，一般用，一般用it作為形式賓語(yǔ)，而把真正的賓語(yǔ)作為形式賓語(yǔ)，而把真正的賓語(yǔ)后置。此時(shí)后置。此時(shí)that不可以省略。不可以省略。我發(fā)現(xiàn)我們每天背單詞很有幫助我發(fā)現(xiàn)我們每天背單詞很有

5、幫助We find it helpful that we recite the words everyday.二、關(guān)聯(lián)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句二、關(guān)聯(lián)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句 用用 who, which, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whoever, whatever，whichever 等等 關(guān)聯(lián)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句相當(dāng)于特殊疑問(wèn)句，關(guān)聯(lián)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句相當(dāng)于特殊疑問(wèn)句，但是要用但是要用陳述句陳述句語(yǔ)氣。語(yǔ)氣。我不知道他已告訴了你什么。我不知道他已告訴了你什么。 I dont know what he has told you.我總是在想你為什么能成功。我總是在想你為

6、什么能成功。I always think of why you can succeed.3.whether/if 引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句 表示表示“是否是否”，常用于常用于ask，care，know，wonder 等動(dòng)詞之后。從句中仍保持陳述句語(yǔ)序。等動(dòng)詞之后。從句中仍保持陳述句語(yǔ)序。注注下列情況一般只用下列情況一般只用whether，不用，不用if1、從句后有、從句后有 or not2、賓語(yǔ)從句位于、賓語(yǔ)從句位于介詞介詞之后時(shí)之后時(shí)3、后接、后接不定式不定式 whether to4、引導(dǎo)、引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句5、引導(dǎo)、引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句那完全取決于他是否會(huì)來(lái)。那完全取決于他是否會(huì)來(lái)。It

7、 all depends on _ he will come.whetherI want to know if/whether the news is true. 4.在在think, believe, suppose, expect等動(dòng)詞之后等動(dòng)詞之后的賓語(yǔ)從句中，如果從句謂語(yǔ)是否定含義，的賓語(yǔ)從句中，如果從句謂語(yǔ)是否定含義，則不用否定形式則不用否定形式,而將主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變?yōu)榉穸ǘ鴮⒅骶渲^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變?yōu)榉穸ㄐ问叫问?稱之為稱之為“否定轉(zhuǎn)移否定轉(zhuǎn)移”。 我想你是不對(duì)的。我想你是不對(duì)的。 e.g. I dont think you are right 5.注意在某些動(dòng)詞，如注意在某些動(dòng)詞，如requ

8、est，command，advise，suggest，insist 等詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句等詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即: sb（should）do sb/sth (should) be done 1. Our teacher told us_ (光速比聲速快多了光速比聲速快多了).2. I didnt tell him _ (我參加了哪個(gè)項(xiàng)目我參加了哪個(gè)項(xiàng)目).3. I _ (認(rèn)為他沒(méi)有時(shí)間玩電腦認(rèn)為他沒(méi)有時(shí)間玩電腦).4. They are thinking about _ (這答案是否正確這答案是否正確). 根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)完成句子根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)完成句子 (that) light

9、travels much faster than sound. which event I took part indont think he has time to play computerswhether the answer is right.1. He has become what he wanted to be ten years ago. 2. She has remained where I stood yesterday for an hour.3. His suggestion is that we should stay calm. 4. The question is

10、 when he can arrive at the hotel. 一個(gè)從句在復(fù)合句中作主句的表一個(gè)從句在復(fù)合句中作主句的表 語(yǔ)，這個(gè)從句就叫作語(yǔ)，這個(gè)從句就叫作表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句。表語(yǔ)。表語(yǔ)從句位于主句中的連系動(dòng)詞之后。從句位于主句中的連系動(dòng)詞之后。如如 bebe動(dòng)詞，動(dòng)詞，remainremain，becomebecome，seemseem，appearappear，looklook，feelfeel，proveprove等。等。The fact is that I earned my passage Thats why weve given you the letter.她一直在我昨天站的

11、地方站了一個(gè)小時(shí)。她一直在我昨天站的地方站了一個(gè)小時(shí)。 She has remained _ I stood yesterday for an hour. 他已經(jīng)成為了他他已經(jīng)成為了他10年前想成為的。年前想成為的。 He has become _ he wanted to be ten years ago. 他的建議是，我們應(yīng)該保持冷靜。他的建議是，我們應(yīng)該保持冷靜。 His suggestion is _ we should stay calm. 連接表語(yǔ)從句的連接詞有：連詞連接表語(yǔ)從句的連接詞有：連詞 that， whether，as if, because 連接代詞連接代詞 who,

12、whom, whose, which, what 連接副詞連接副詞 when , where, how, why 等。等。那就是她考試不及格的原因。那就是她考試不及格的原因。That is _ she failed to pass the exam.thatwhywhere what1.that 引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，僅起連接作用，但是一般不能省略。引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，僅起連接作用，但是一般不能省略。對(duì)主句起進(jìn)一步解釋作用。對(duì)主句起進(jìn)一步解釋作用。 基本結(jié)構(gòu)：基本結(jié)構(gòu)： 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞+that+從句從句2.表語(yǔ)從句中表示是否用表語(yǔ)從句中表示是否用whether而不用而不用if。3.because

13、引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句通常只用于引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句通常只用于“It/That/This is/was because ”結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)之中之中.4.主語(yǔ)是主語(yǔ)是suggestion，advice，order，command等詞時(shí)，等詞時(shí)，表語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)該使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。表語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)該使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。5.主語(yǔ)是主語(yǔ)是the reason 或或 why 時(shí)，常用時(shí)，常用that引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，而不用而不用because。His command is that we_ work there.should1. He said the text was very important and we should learn

14、it by heart.2. My worry is that he can get there on time.3. The reason why he failed was because he hadnt studied hard.4. What we need are time.5. Here are two books. You can take whatever you want.isthatwhetherthatwhichever1. The reason was that he was lost at sea and brought to England by another

15、ship.2. One of his problems is that he doesnt know anybody in London. Another problem is that he has no money.3.The embassy was where he thought he would get it.4.His concern is how to find a job/how he can find a job.5.The brothers concern is whether Henry has any money.6.The envelope is what the b

16、rothers give to Henry.Answer key for Exercise 4 on page 21Suggested answers to Exercise 5 on page 21as if they didnt care about Henrys feelings at all.how people behave when they are rich.what I want to knowthat a lot of people like reading them.1.With this money/Having this money, you can buy whate

17、ver you want.2.The problem remains whether they can help us.3.This is where his father once lived 10 years ago.4.No one/Nobody knows exactly/ is sure what people will look like after a million years.5.My opinion is that we should think it over before we make the decision.6.I think you had better seek a new solution to the problem.I think it best that you seek a new solution1.as if it was/were