1、 定語定語He owns a large apartment.my book / low-rise buildings a pretty girl / a cute dog the top student / huge campus名詞可以被形容詞名詞可以被形容詞, 介詞短語介詞短語,分詞等修飾分詞等修飾. 如果是被一個(gè)句子修飾限定如果是被一個(gè)句子修飾限定, 我們稱之為定我們稱之為定語從句語從句. 1. an enjoyable experience 2. the rules of the school3. Play songs sung by students 4. the team in

2、greenPlease translate the following phrases:1.the book for free免費(fèi)的免費(fèi)的書籍書籍2.the article about your experiences in the UK關(guān)于你在英國的經(jīng)歷的關(guān)于你在英國的經(jīng)歷的文章文章Please translate the following phrases:1.The boys who are playing football are from Canada.2.The writer who writes Harry Potter was very popular with kids. 當(dāng)

3、介詞短語和定語從句修飾名當(dāng)介詞短語和定語從句修飾名詞時(shí)詞時(shí),它們通常它們通常被放在名詞之后被放在名詞之后.(與與中文相反中文相反) She is the teacher who taught us English. Introduction to attributive clauses:由關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的句子由關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的句子,來修飾一個(gè)名詞或代詞的從句叫做定來修飾一個(gè)名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句語從句. (被修飾的名詞叫被修飾的名詞叫先行詞先行詞)He is the man who I met yesterday.man是先行詞是先行詞, who是關(guān)系代詞是關(guān)系代詞先行詞

4、先行詞關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞先行詞先行詞(antecedent):被從句修飾名詞或代詞被從句修飾名詞或代詞關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞(relative pronoun):引導(dǎo)從句的詞引導(dǎo)從句的詞.eg: that; which; who; whom; whoseAttributive clauses in Reading1) I sat next to a girl whose name was Diana.2) I loved the lessons that she gave in English Literature.3) All my classmates were fond of the cake

5、that I made.4) In the Art class that I took, I made a small sculpture.定語從句的構(gòu)成定語從句的構(gòu)成The man who lives next to us sells vegetables.You must do everything that I do.I have found the book which I lost.關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞 關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞Notice:1.從句的位置從句的位置:2.翻譯方法翻譯方法:3.連接詞：連接詞：先行詞之后先行詞之后“.的的”關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞1.概念：概念：在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞

6、的在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的 從句叫定語從句。從句叫定語從句。 The girl who is standing there is Mary. 先行詞先行詞 關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞2.先行詞先行詞(antecedent)：被定語從句所修飾的詞被定語從句所修飾的詞。 關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞(relative pronoun/adverb):引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞定語從句的詞。3.關(guān)系詞作用關(guān)系詞作用: 連接句子連接句子 在從句中做成分在從句中做成分先行詞先行詞主語主語 賓語賓語 所有格所有格 指代人指代人 指代物指代物 thatwhichthatwhichwhoseWhothatwhose 關(guān)系代詞在從句中關(guān)系

7、代詞在從句中:當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在從句當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在從句中中作賓語時(shí)作賓語時(shí), 關(guān)系關(guān)系代詞可以省略。代詞可以省略。whom/who thatwho, whomvMost of the students (whom/who) he taught have become his friends.vShe was the teacher who taught us English Literature.歸納：歸納：定語從句中，用定語從句中，用who/whom指代人；指代人； 在從句中充當(dāng)主語時(shí)，用在從句中充當(dāng)主語時(shí)，用who;在從句中充當(dāng)賓語時(shí)，用在從句中充當(dāng)賓語時(shí)，用whom(也可以用也可以用who),

8、還可以省略。還可以省略。The boy who sits in front of me is Tom. 1. The boy is Tom.2.He sits in front of me.The boy who is smiling is Tom. (主語主語)1.The boy is Tom. 2.The boy is smiling.1.The teacher will give us a talk.2.We met the teacher yesterday.The teacher (whom) we met yesterday will give us a talk.(賓語賓語)Th

9、e man (who) everyone likes is kind. 1. The man is kind. 2.Everyone likes him.1.The boy is in the lab. 2.You want to talk to him.The boy (whom) you want to talk to is in the lab.that, whichv Some of the books were gifts (that/which) he got from his Chinese friends and students.v The paintings (that/w

10、hich) David donated to the school are being shown in the exhibition room. 歸納：定語從句中，用歸納：定語從句中，用that/ which指代物指代物 that/which在從句中作賓語時(shí)可以省略。在從句中作賓語時(shí)可以省略。 1.Do you find the pen? 2.I wrote with it just now.Do you find the pen (which/that/-) I wrote with just now?whosevI sat next to a girl whose name was Di

11、ana.vThe club whose members are music fans meet in the school garden every Saturday afternoon.歸納：定語從句中，用歸納：定語從句中，用whose指代人指代人/物，物， -表示表示“某人的某人的”、“某物的某物的” 在從句中充當(dāng)定語。在從句中充當(dāng)定語。1.He lives in the house.2.The windows of the house face south.He lives in the house whose windows face south.1. I know the girl.

12、2. Her glasses are very beautiful.I know the girl whose glasses are very beautiful.關(guān)系副詞和先行詞的關(guān)系關(guān)系副詞和先行詞的關(guān)系I still remember the day when I came here. This is the house where I lived last year. There are many reasons why people like traveling. The school where I study is far away from my home. on the d

13、ay =when 在從句中做在從句中做時(shí)間狀語時(shí)間狀語in the house= wherefor the reasons =why關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞=介詞先行詞介詞先行詞 在從句中做狀語在從句中做狀語in the school = where 做地點(diǎn)狀語做地點(diǎn)狀語定語從句的辨認(rèn)與使用定語從句的辨認(rèn)與使用 思考步驟：思考步驟：（1 1）找出先行詞找出先行詞以確定關(guān)系代詞的以確定關(guān)系代詞的人稱、人稱、數(shù)和性數(shù)和性（2 2）確定關(guān)系詞在從句中）確定關(guān)系詞在從句中所擔(dān)任的成分所擔(dān)任的成分 以以確定用關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞確定用關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞（3 3）確定從句時(shí)態(tài)）確定從句時(shí)態(tài) 1. This is

14、 the town _ I was born. This is the town _ I visited last week.2. I will never forget the day _ I came to school. I will never forget the day _ I spent with you.3. This is the reason _ he was late. This is the reason _ he told me. wherewhichwhenwhichwhythat1.Look at that girl _ name is Lucy.A. who B

15、. whose C. whom 2.I hate people _ talk much but do little.A. who B. that C. which3.This is the man _ shoes are broken. A. whose B. that C. who 4.The policeman _ I just asked for help is a kind one. A. whom B. whose C. Who D. /5.The trees _ are on the school campus have lost their leaves. A. that B.

16、which C. whose 6.The house_ he lives in is small. A. that B. which C. /7.This is the house _ window broke last night. A. whose B. that C. who 8.The English book _ cover is green is his. A. who B. that C. whose that和和which在指物的情在指物的情況下一般都可以互換況下一般都可以互換, 但在下但在下列情況下列情況下, 一般用一般用that而不用而不用which。 which 和和 t

17、hat 的區(qū)別的區(qū)別:只能用只能用 that 不能用不能用 which 的情況的情況a.當(dāng)先行詞當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞被序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)修飾時(shí),用用that:This is the first trip that I have made in my life.b.當(dāng)先行詞當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)被形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)修飾時(shí),用用 that:The most important thing that you should do now is to pass the exam. which 和和 that 的區(qū)別的區(qū)別:c.當(dāng)先行詞當(dāng)先行詞既有人又有物既有人又有物時(shí)時(shí),用用that: d.當(dāng)先行詞當(dāng)先行詞是是all, much, little, everything, anything, none, no,以及以及由由no構(gòu)成的復(fù)合構(gòu)成的復(fù)合