1、2014全國高考匯編閱讀之新聞報告類類一（ 2014 大綱卷）BSince the first Earth Day in 1970, Americans have gotten a lot“greener ” towardthe environment （環(huán)境） . “Wed idnt know at that time there even was an environment, let alone that there was a problem with it, ” says Bruce Anders on, president of Earth Day USA.But what beg

2、an as nothing important in public affairs has grown into a social movement. Business people, political leaders, university professors, and especially millions of grass-roots Americans are taking part in the movement. “The understanding hasincreased many, many times, ” says Gaylord Nelson, the former

3、 governor from Wisconsin, who thought up the first Earth Day.According to USg overnment reports, emissions （排放） from cars and trucks have dropped from 10.3 million tons a year to 5.5 tons .The number of cities producing CO beyond the standard has been reduced from 40 to 9 .Although serious problems

4、still remain and need to be dealt with , the world is a safer and healthier place .A kind of “Green thinking ” has become part of practices .Great improvement has been achieved .In 1988 there were only 600 recycling（回收利用） programs; today in 1995 there are about 6,600 .Advanced lights ,motors , and b

5、uilding designs have helped save a lot of energy and therefore prevented pollution . Twenty five years ago , there were hardly any education programs for environment .Today , its hard to find a public school , university , or law schoolthat does not have such a kind of program . ” Until we do that,

6、nothing else willchange! ” say Bruce Anderson.60. According to Anderson, before 1970, Americans had little idea about _A. the social movementB. recycling techniquesC. environmental problemsD. the importance of Earth Day61. Where does the support for environmental protection mainly come from?A. The g

7、rass roots levelB. The business circleC. Government officialsD. University professors62. What have Americans achieved in environmental protection?A. They have cut car emissions to the lowestB. They have settled their environmental problemsC. They have lowered their CO levels in forty cities.D. They

8、have reduced pollution through effective measures.63. What is especially important for environmental protection according to the last paragraph?A. EducationB. PlanningC. Green livingD. CO reduction【考點】考察新聞報道類閱讀【文章大意】作者在本文中把現(xiàn)在的美國環(huán)境問題和以前的環(huán)境問題進行了比較，尤其是幾 項數(shù)據(jù)的對比。說明人們現(xiàn)在的環(huán)境保護意識有了很大的提高。其中很重要的一項就是環(huán)境 教育所起的作用。

9、1. 【答案】 C【試題解析】細節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第一段第2 句“We didnt know at that time there evenwas an environment, let alone that there was a problem with it, ” says Bruce Anderson, president of Earth Day USA. 可知在 1970 年世界地球日開始的時候，人們甚至都不知道有 “環(huán)境這個詞”，更不要說知道存在著環(huán)境問題了。故C正確。2. 【答案】 A【試題解析】細節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第二段 2,3 行 Business people, politica

10、l leaders, university professors, and especially millions of grass-roots Americans are taking part in the movement.中的 especially millions of grass-roots Americans尤其是千百萬的一般民眾?？芍h(huán)境保護的主要支持來自普通民眾。故A正確。3. 【答案】 D【試題解析】推理題。根據(jù)第二段 4,5 行 According to US government reports , emissions （排放 ）from cars and trucks

11、 have dropped from 10.3 million tons a year to 5.5 tons .The number of cities producing CO beyond the standard has been reduced from 40 to 9 . 可知通過人們的共同努力，現(xiàn)在的污染排放的數(shù)字已經(jīng)大大地減少了。故 D 正確。 A 項中的 to the lowest 是錯誤的。 B項說已經(jīng)解決了污染問題，這一說法是錯誤的。文章中只是說The number of cities producing CO beyond the standard has been r

12、educed from 40 to 9 .CO排放超標(biāo)的城市從 40 降低到 9. 而不是 C 項含義。4. 【答案】 A【試題解析】 推理題。 根據(jù)文章最后一段 1,2 行 Twenty five years ago , there were hardly any education programs for environment .Today , it s hard to find a public school ,university , or law school that does not have such a kind of program .可知現(xiàn)在幾乎每個學(xué)校都有環(huán)境保護方

13、面的教育的內(nèi)容。 說明教育在環(huán)境保護方面有很重要的作用。 故 A 正確?！鹃L難句解析】1. “ We didn t know at that time there even was an environment, let alone that therewas a problem with it,”【翻譯】在那時人們甚至都不知道有“環(huán)境這個詞”，更不要說知道存在著環(huán)境問題了。 【分析】本句中的動詞 know 后面的 there even was an environment, let alone that there was a problem with it,”是賓語從句，其中的let al

14、one 更不必說；2. The number of cities producing CO2 beyond the standard has been reduced from 40to 9 .【翻譯】產(chǎn)生超過 CO2排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的城市的數(shù)量從 40 減少到了 9 個。 【分析】本句中的現(xiàn)在分詞短語 producing CO2 beyond the standard 在句中做定語修飾名 詞 cities 。因為兩者之間存在主動關(guān)系， 所以使用現(xiàn)在分詞做定語， 相當(dāng)于 which produce . ； 另外本句中的 the number of “的數(shù)量”，在句中做主語，謂語動詞使用單數(shù)形式。二（

15、2014 福建卷）EAs has been all too apparent in recent days at Balcombe, few issues cause greaterconcern than energy policy. Many village communities feel their countryside is being ruined by the power-producing machines of wind farms; yet they never take direct action, even though the planning laws put t

16、hem at a severe disadvantage. And the generous subsidies （ 財政補貼 ） , which encourage the expansion of wind power, are not favorable to the village communities and set landowners in conflict with other residents （ 居民 ） .Those who disagree with the rapid expansion of wind farms state that the damagethe

17、y cause is out of proportion（ 比例 ） to the benefits they bring, because their energy output cannot match that of the carbon-based power stations they are supposed to replace. Supporters insist that wind must be part of a mix of renewables, nuclear and carbon, and that the country is committed to meet

18、ing EU （ European Union） targets for non-carbon energy generation.Against this background, the fact that there is an argument within the Governmentover whether to publish an official report on wind farms impact on the countrysidebecomes even more extraordinary. The two parties in the coalition （ 聯(lián)合

19、） government are in disagreement over what it should say.We have some advice for the two parties: publish the report, and let the countrybe the judge. Even if it contains evidence that wind farms are harmful, it will hardly be a pleasant surprise to people who do not like them. Equally, supporters m

20、ust argue their case by acknowledging the concerns and explaining why they are either misplaced or worthy of much attention.The suggestion that further negotiations are to take place to produce an acceptable report suggests that the politics of coalition government are doing the country harm in a ce

21、rtain way. Given the sensitivities involved, all the information should be available so that people can reach their own conclusions, rather than being left with the suspicion（猜疑） that facts are being replaced by political beliefs.72. We can learn from the first paragraph that.A. energy policy catche

22、s much attention of the publicB. the residents are in favor of the expansion of wind farmsC. many village communities are satisfied with the subsidiesD. the planning laws offer great benefits to the residents73. Supporters think that the expansion of wind power.A. is more rapid than that of carbon-b

23、ased powerB. guarantees an increase in energy outputC. is expected to be much better than that of nuclear powerD. agrees with EU targets for non-carbon energy generation74. It can be inferred from the passage that.A. an official report will settle the energy problemB. the two parties are divided ove

24、r the issue of wind farmsC. the two parties have agreed on a further negotiationD. political beliefs concerning energy issue go against facts75. Which of the following reflects the authors opinion?A. Increase political impact on energy policy.B. Release a statement of supporters on wind farms.C. Let

25、 the nation judge the facts about wind power.D. Leave the two parties to reach their own conclusions.【考點】考察新聞報道類閱讀 【文章大意】本文是一篇新聞報道，在英國的鮑爾科姆，人們對于風(fēng)電項目的發(fā)展有了支持 和反對兩者不同意見。作者在文章里闡述了雙方的觀點，并提出了自己的意見：把這個問題 報道出來，讓全國人們對此進行討論并做出決定。72. 【答案】 A【試題解析】推理題。根據(jù)文章第一句As has been all too apparent in recent days atBalcombe

26、, few issues cause greater concern than energy policy.可知沒有別的問題比energy policy 更引起人們的擔(dān)心了，也就是說 energy policy 引起了人們最大的擔(dān)心。故 A 正確。73. 【答案】 D【試題解析】推理題。根據(jù)文章第二段最后 2 行 Supporters insist that wind must be part of a mix of renewables, nuclear and carbon, and that the country is committed to meeting EU ( Europea

27、n Union) targets for non-carbon energy generation.可知支持者認(rèn)為風(fēng)電的擴張是符合歐盟無碳排放的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的。故D 正確。74. 【答案】 B【試題解析】推理題。根據(jù)文章第二段 Those who disagree with the rapid expansion . 和 Supporters insist that wind must be part of a mix of renewables可知對于風(fēng)電的擴張方面，兩方面的觀點是有分歧的。故B 正確。75. 【答案】 C【試題解析】 推理題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段 Weh ave some advic

28、e for the two parties: publishthe report, and let the country be the judge.可知作者提出把這個問題報道出來，讓全國人們對此進行討論并做出決定。故C 正確?！鹃L難句解析】As has been all too apparent in recent days at Balcombe, few issues cause greater concern than energy policy.【翻譯】最近幾天在鮑爾科姆，沒有別的問題比 energy policy 更引起人們的擔(dān)心了 【分析】本句中的 few issues caus

29、e greater concern than energy policy使用了否定詞few 加比較級 greater 連用表示最高級的用法。三（ 2014 湖北卷）BLondon s newest skyscraper （ 摩天大樓 ） is called the Shard and it cost about 430 million pounds to build. At a height of almost 310 metres, it is the tallest building in Europe. The Shard has completely changed the appea

30、rance of London. However, not everyone thinks that it is a change for the better.The Shard was designed by the famous Italian architect Renzo Piano. When he began designing the Shard for London, Piano wanted a very tall building that looked like a spire （ 尖頂 ）. He wanted the glass surfaces to reflec

31、t the sky and the city. The sides of the building aren t regular. So the building has an unusual shape. It looks like a very thin, sharp piece of broken glass. And that is how the building got the name: the Shard. Piano says that the spire shape of the Shard is part of a great London tradition. The

32、shape reminds him of the spires of the churches of London or the tall masts （ 桅桿 ） of the ships that were once on the river Thames.The Shard has 87 floors. At the top, there is an observatory. At the moment the building is empty, but eventually there will be a five-star hotel. There will also be top

33、 quality restaurants, apartments and offices.Before building work began, a lot of people didn t want the Shard though theplans were approved. Now they are still unhappy about the Shard. Some critics saythat such a tallskyscraper might be good in a citylike New York, butnot in London.They say that th

34、e best thing about the Shard is its spire shape. But that is the only thing. There is no decoration, only flat surfaces. The Egyptians did that 4,500 years ago. They also think the Shard is too big for London. It destroys the beauty of the city.Other critics don t like what the Shard seems to repres

35、ent. They say that the Shard shows how London is becoming more unequal. Only very rich people can afford to buy the expensive private apartments and stay in the hotel. But the people who live near the Shard are among the poorest in London. So the Shard seems a symbol of the division in society betwe

36、en the very rich and the poor.The Shard now dominates the London skyline. It is not certain, however, that ordinary London citizens will ever accept it as a valuable addition to the city.55. London s newest skyscraper is called the Shard because of .A. its costB. its sizeC. its shapeD. its height56.

37、 When he designed the Shard, Piano wanted it to .A. change London s skylineB. inherit London s traditionC. imitate the Egyptian styleD. attract potential visitors57. The critics who refer to social division think the Shard .A. is only preferred by the richB. is intended for wealthy peopleC. is far a

38、way from the poor areaD. is popular only with Londoners58. Which would be the best title for the passage?A. The Shard: Cheers and ClapsB. The Shard: Work of a Great ArchitectC. The Shard: New Symbol of London?D. The Shard: A Change for the Better?【考點】考察新聞報道類閱讀 【文章大意】本文是一篇新聞報道，報道了倫敦最新的摩天大樓 the Shard

39、，以及它的形狀和 設(shè)計理念。同時還講述了人們對于這棟大樓的不同的看法。很多人都反對這棟大樓，說它并 沒有向一個好的方向改變。55. 【答案】 C【試題解析】細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段 3,4,5 行 He wanted the glass surfaces to reflect thesky and the city. The sides of the building aren t regular. So the building has anunusual shape. It looks like a very thin, sharp piece of broken glass. And that

40、 is how the building got the name: the Shard.可知摩天大樓 the Shard 得到自己的名字是因為它的形狀。故 C 正確。56. 【答案】 B【試題解析】推理題。根據(jù)第二段后三行 Piano says that the spire shape of the Shardis part of a great London tradition. The shape reminds him of the spires of the churches of London or the tall masts （桅桿 ） of the ships that we

41、re once on the river Thames.可知他把這座摩天大樓設(shè)計成這個形狀是為了讓它成為倫敦的傳統(tǒng)的一部分，也就是說讓它 繼承倫敦的傳統(tǒng)。故 B 正確。57. 【答案】 B【試題解析】 推理題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段 2,3,4 行 They say that the Shard shows how London is becoming more unequal. Only very rich people can afford to buy the expensive private apartments and stay in the hotel. But the people

42、 who live near the Shard are among the poorest in London.可知一些批評家認(rèn)為這座大樓只是為那些富有的人而設(shè)計的。居住在這棟大樓附近的人都沒有能力享受它。它是社會不公平的代表。故 B 正確。58. 【答案】 D【試題解析】主旨大意題。本文是一篇新聞報道，報道了倫敦最新的摩天大樓 the Shard ，以 及它的形狀和設(shè)計理念。同時還講述了人們對于這棟大樓的不同的看法。根據(jù)第一段最后一 句 However, not everyone thinks that it is a change for the better.很多人都反對這棟大樓，說它

43、并沒有向一個好的方向改變。故D 項符合文章的主題?！鹃L難句解析】1.When he began designing the Shard for London, Piano wanted a very tall buildingthat looked like a spire （尖頂 ）.【翻譯】當(dāng)他開始為倫敦設(shè)計 the Shard 的時候， Piano 想要設(shè)計一個看起來像尖頂?shù)暮芨叩?大樓。【分析】本句中含有一個 when 引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，后面的主句里有一個定語從句 that looked like a spire （尖頂 ）. 修飾前面的先行詞 a very tall buildin

44、g 。2. They say that the Shard shows how London is becoming more unequal 【翻譯】他們說 the Shard 在說明倫敦正變得更加不公平?！痉治觥勘揪渲械膭釉~ say 后面含有一個 that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句 the Shard shows how London is becoming more unequal 這個賓語從句中動詞 show 后面有一個 how 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句 how London is becoming more unequal 。四（ 2014 江西卷）CClose your eyes foe a minu

45、tes and imagine what life would be like of you had a hundred dollars less. Also imagine what it would be like spending the rest of your life with you eyes closed. Imagine having to read this page, not with your eyes but with your finger-tips.With existing medical knowledge and skills, two-thirds of

46、the world s 42 millionblind should not have to suffer. Unfortunately, rich countries posses most of this knowledge, while developing countries do not.ORBIS is an international non- profit organization which operates the world s only flying teaching eye hospital. ORBIS intends to help fight blindness

47、 worldwide. Inside a DC-8 aircraft, there is a fully-equipped teaching hospital with television studio and classroom. Doctors are taught the latest techniques of bringing sight back to people there. Project ORBIS also aims at promoting peaceful cooperation（ 合作 ） among countries.ORBIS tries to help d

48、eveloping countries by providing training during three-week medical programs. ORBIS has taught sight-saving techniques to over 35,000 doctors and nurses, who continue to cure tens of thousands of blind people every year. ORBIShas conducted 17 plane programs is China so far. For the seven to ten mill

49、ion blind in China ORBIS is planning to do more for them. At the moment an ORBIS is working on a long-term plan to develop a training center and to provide eye care service to Shanxi Province.ORBIS needs your help to continue their work and free people from blindness.For just US $38,you can help one

50、 person see; for $380 you can bring sight to 10 people; $1,300 helps teach a doctor new skills; and for $13,000 you can provide a training programme for a group of doctors who can make thousands of blind people see again.Your money can open their eyes to the world.Please help ORBIS improve the quali

51、ty of life for so many people less fortunate than ourselves.65. The first paragraph is intended to .A.introduce a new way of readingB. advise the public to lead a simple lifeC. direct the publics attention to the blindD. encourage the public to use imagination66. What do we learn about existing medi

52、cal knowledge and skills in the world?A.They are adequateB.They have not been updated.C.They are not equally distributedD.They have benefited most of theblind67.ORRIS aims to help the blind by .A.teaching medical studentsB.training doctors and nursesC.running flying hospitals globally D. setting up

53、non-profit organization 68.What does the author try to do in the last paragraph?A.Appeal for donations B.Make an advertisementC. Promote training programsD.Show sympathy for the blind69.What can be the best title for the passage?A.ORRIS in ChinaB.Fighting BlindnessC.ORRIS Flying HospitalD.Sight-savi

54、ng Techniques【考點】考察新聞報告類閱讀【文章大意】本文屬于報告類閱讀，了講述ORBIS給盲人所做的工作來宣傳 ORBIS，號召我們?yōu)?ORBIS捐款來幫助更多的盲人。64. 【答案】 C【試題解析】推理題。根據(jù)第一段1,2 行 Close your eyes foe a minutes and imagine whatlife would be like of you had a hundred dollars less. Also imagine what it would be like spending the rest of your life with you eyes

55、 closed. Imagine having to read this page, not with your eyes but with your finger-tips.閉上眼睛想象一下少了 100 美元并沒有什么。但是想象一下如果我們在余生里都看不見，不是用眼睛看這篇文章，而是用手指 來閱讀。作者通過第一段是為了把讀者的注意力吸引到盲人的身上。故C 正確、65. 【答案】 C 【試題解析】推理題。根據(jù)第一段最后2 句 With existing medical knowledge and skills,two- thirds of the world s 42 million blin

56、d should not have to suffer. Unfortunately, rich countries posses most of this knowledge, while developing countries do not.可知發(fā)動國家的技術(shù)更先進，能夠給盲人帶來更多的幫助，但是發(fā)展中國家并沒有這樣的技術(shù)， 說明技術(shù)的分布并不公平。故 C 正確。66. 【答案】 B【試題解析】細節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第三段1,2 句 ORBIS tries to help developing countries byproviding training during three-week m

57、edical programs. ORBIS has taught sight-saving techniques to over 35,000 doctors and nurses, who continue to cure tensof thousandsof blind people every year.得知 ORBIS醫(yī)學(xué)培訓(xùn)計劃幫助發(fā)展中國家培養(yǎng)了很多治療眼睛疾病的醫(yī)生，然后這些醫(yī)生再去幫助那些需要幫助的盲人。故B 正確。67. 【答案】 A【試題解析】推理題。根據(jù)最后一段前 2 行 For just US $38,you can help one person see; for

58、$380 you can bring sight to 10 people; $1,300 helps teach a doctor new skills;and for $13,000 you can provide a training programme for a group of doctors who can make thousands of blind people see again.作者在呼吁我們?yōu)檫@個項目捐款，因為捐款可以幫助很多看不見的盲人重新看見光明。故A 正確。68. 【答案】 C 【試題解析】主旨大意題。本文在第一段里很巧妙地通過一個閉眼實驗把我們的注意力吸引 到盲人身上。接下來通過講述 ORBIS給盲人所做的工作來宣傳 ORBIS。最后號召我們?yōu)?ORBIS捐款來幫助更多的盲人。所以本文實際上是介紹ORRIS Flying Hos