1、Unit 4Unit 4 Astronomy: Astronomy: the science of the starsthe science of the stars太陽系太陽系大氣層大氣層CO2有害的有害的宇宙飛船宇宙飛船人造衛(wèi)星人造衛(wèi)星氣候氣候Step 2. word formation withviolent violentlywiolencebe harmful to 對(duì)對(duì)有害有害 do harm to sb. = do sb. harm 傷害某人，對(duì)某人有害處傷害某人，對(duì)某人有害處 1) 1) Too much carbon dioxide (對(duì)對(duì)有害有害) the environm

2、ent2) Smoking will do you a lot of (傷害傷害) harmful adj. harmless harm n. is harmful to harm exist vi.存在；生存存在；生存(無被動(dòng)式和進(jìn)行時(shí)無被動(dòng)式和進(jìn)行時(shí)) (1) exist in/on 存在于存在于中中 (2) existence n存在；生存存在；生存 come into existence 開始產(chǎn)生，成立開始產(chǎn)生，成立 (1) We cant exist without food or water. (2) Dinosaurs exist on the earth for 140 mil

3、lion years. (3)When did the world come into existence? 沒有食物和水我們就不能生存。沒有食物和水我們就不能生存。恐龍?jiān)诘厍蛏仙盍艘粌|四千萬年?？铸?jiān)诘厍蛏仙盍艘粌|四千萬年。世界是什么時(shí)候開始存在的？世界是什么時(shí)候開始存在的？【鏈接訓(xùn)練】【鏈接訓(xùn)練】 We cant _ without food or water. Alife B existence Cexist DexhibitionC When did the world ? Acome into effect Bcome inCcome into existence Dcome i

4、nto power【解析】【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。句意為：考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。句意為：世界是什么時(shí)世界是什么時(shí)候開始存在的？候開始存在的？ come into existence“開始產(chǎn)生，成立開始產(chǎn)生，成立”，符，符合題意。合題意。come into effect“生效，執(zhí)行生效，執(zhí)行”；come in“進(jìn)來進(jìn)來”；come into power“上臺(tái)，掌權(quán)上臺(tái)，掌權(quán)”。CThe heavy rain prevented us there. A. go B. to go C. going D have goC【鏈接訓(xùn)練】【鏈接訓(xùn)練】 Some policeman should _ them

5、_ the trees. Aprevent；to cut down Bstop；cutting down Ckeep；to cut down Dkeep；cutting downBCO2 heat (阻止阻止) going into the outer space preventsfrombe to (do): 1. 不可避免要發(fā)生或必須發(fā)生不可避免要發(fā)生或必須發(fā)生。 They said goodbye, knowing that they were never to meet again. 2 表示按計(jì)劃、安排要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作表示按計(jì)劃、安排要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作The train is to arriv

6、e in BeiJing at 10:25Tell her she is not to be back late!3 表命令表命令solidn. n. 固體固體 solid, liquid, gas adj. 固體的；實(shí)心的固體的；實(shí)心的,無空隙的；結(jié)實(shí)的，堅(jiān)固的無空隙的；結(jié)實(shí)的，堅(jiān)固的 1) Matter has three states: solid, liquid and gas. 2) When water freezes, it becomes solid and we call it ice. explode1). （使某物）炸開，爆炸使某物）炸開，爆炸 2). （指感情）迸發(fā)（指

7、感情）迸發(fā) 3). （指人口）突然或迅速增加（指人口）突然或迅速增加 The firework exploded in his hand and he was hurt seriously. The children exploded into laughter.The teacher exploded with anger. Now it is not easy to find jobs with the exploding world population. explosion n. 爆炸（聲）爆炸（聲） explosive adj.爆炸性的，易爆炸的爆炸性的，易爆炸的n.炸藥，爆炸物炸藥

8、，爆炸物 explode with /in/into. not late 及時(shí)；She will be back in time to prepare dinner. 她來得及回來準(zhǔn)備晚飯。她來得及回來準(zhǔn)備晚飯。: sooner or later; eventually 遲早；最后；終于Ill see him in time.總有一天我會(huì)遇見他。總有一天我會(huì)遇見他。in/out of time:合合/不合節(jié)拍不合節(jié)拍The audience clapped in time to the music.觀眾合著音樂的節(jié)拍拍手。觀眾合著音樂的節(jié)拍拍手。cool1) v.(使）變冷；冷靜下來使）變冷；

9、冷靜下來 Dont drink the tea before it cools a little. 2) adj. 涼爽的，冷靜的，冷漠的，冷淡的涼爽的，冷靜的，冷漠的，冷淡的 His songs received a cool response from the public.cool downa.涼快起來，冷卻涼快起來，冷卻b.指人的心境指人的心境“平靜下來，使平靜下來，使平靜下來平靜下來” I tried to cool her down but she was still very angry when she left. Dont cover the TV until it cool

10、s down. 名詞后綴名詞后綴-ment加在動(dòng)詞之后表示加在動(dòng)詞之后表示： 行為：行為：argument, agreement, development, treatment。 結(jié)果：結(jié)果：arrangement, settlement, statement.1.工具：工具：instrument, pavement.late adj. 遲到的，晚的；前任的；以前的；已故的遲到的，晚的；前任的；以前的；已故的 later adv. 較晚時(shí)候較晚時(shí)候, ,過后過后 =after adj. late的比較級(jí)的比較級(jí)(更遲的,更后的) latest adj. 最新的最新的 lately adv. =

11、recently 近來近來 1) Mr. Wen is the late Prime Minister of China. 2) She said she would ring you later this morning. 4) Its only lately that she has been well enough to go out. 3) Have you heard about the latest news? multiply (數(shù)目上數(shù)目上)增加，增多；增加，增多； 乘；乘； （使）繁殖（使）繁殖 Our problems have multiplied since Last

12、year. 2) 6 and 5 multiply is to make 30. 4) Mosquitoes multiply rapidly in summer. 3) 6 multiplied by 5 is 30.as well as 表示表示“(除除.之外之外)也也; 既既又又”. Im learning French as well as English.我學(xué)英語之外還學(xué)法語我學(xué)英語之外還學(xué)法語.He grows flowers as well as vegetables.他既種菜也種花他既種菜也種花.Its generally believed that一般認(rèn)為一般認(rèn)為 gener

13、ally speaking 一般而言，概括來說一般而言，概括來說 1) Its generally believed that girls work harder than boys do. 2) Generally speaking, women cry more easily than men. Lie, lie , lay 的區(qū)別如下的區(qū)別如下:主語從句主語從句一、英語中的主語從句在句中作主語，有以下兩種結(jié)構(gòu)：一、英語中的主語從句在句中作主語，有以下兩種結(jié)構(gòu)：1主語從句位于句首。主語從句位于句首。Who kept the door open all night was unknown.不

14、知道是誰讓門整晚開著。不知道是誰讓門整晚開著。2主語從句位于句尾，使用主語從句位于句尾，使用it作形式主語。作形式主語。it作形式主語置于句首的結(jié)構(gòu)作形式主語置于句首的結(jié)構(gòu)(1)“Itbe形容詞形容詞thatclause”結(jié)構(gòu)，常用于這種句結(jié)構(gòu)，常用于這種句型的形容詞有：型的形容詞有：fortunate，possible，(un)likely，strange，probable，true，certain等。等。It is strange that no one wants to go there.真奇怪，竟然沒有人想要去那里。真奇怪，竟然沒有人想要去那里。(2)“Itbe名詞詞組名詞詞組that

15、clause”結(jié)構(gòu)，常用于這結(jié)構(gòu)，常用于這種句型的名詞及名詞詞組有：種句型的名詞及名詞詞組有：an honour，a pity，a shame，no wonder，no surprise等。等。It is a pity that he cant attend the party.真遺憾，他不能參加晚會(huì)。真遺憾，他不能參加晚會(huì)。Its no surprise that our team should have won the game.我們隊(duì)贏了比賽，這一點(diǎn)也不驚訝。我們隊(duì)贏了比賽，這一點(diǎn)也不驚訝。(3)“Itbe過去分詞過去分詞thatclause”結(jié)構(gòu)，常用于這結(jié)構(gòu)，常用于這種句型的過去分詞

16、有：種句型的過去分詞有：said，believed，reported，proved，decided，known等。等。It is known to all that money cant grow on the tree.眾所周知，錢不會(huì)長(zhǎng)在樹上。眾所周知，錢不會(huì)長(zhǎng)在樹上。(4)Itseems/appears/happens等不及物動(dòng)詞等不及物動(dòng)詞thatclause。It seems that it is going to rain soon.天看起來馬上要下雨了。天看起來馬上要下雨了。(5)Itdoesnt matter (makes no difference，etc.)連接連接代詞代詞

17、/連接副詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句。連接副詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句。It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting.我們?cè)谀睦镎匍_會(huì)議并不重要。我們?cè)谀睦镎匍_會(huì)議并不重要。注意：注意：當(dāng)主語從句放在句尾而用形式主語時(shí)，形式主語當(dāng)主語從句放在句尾而用形式主語時(shí)，形式主語只能用只能用it，而不能使用，而不能使用this，that等代詞。等代詞。二、主語從句的連接詞可以分為以下三類：二、主語從句的連接詞可以分為以下三類：1連詞連詞that，whether連接詞連接詞that本身沒有意義，不作句子成分，只起引導(dǎo)作本身沒有意義，不作句子成分，只起引導(dǎo)作用，位于

18、句首時(shí)，用，位于句首時(shí)，that不能省略。不能省略。That light travels in straight lines is known to all.眾所周知，光線直線運(yùn)行。眾所周知，光線直線運(yùn)行。whether盡管不充當(dāng)句子成分，但是含有盡管不充當(dāng)句子成分，但是含有“是否是否”的意的意思，可以加上思，可以加上or not，其語意不變。，其語意不變。Whether well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.我們明天是否去野營(yíng)取決于天氣。我們明天是否去野營(yíng)取決于天氣。2what，who(m)，which，whose，when，wher

19、e，why，how這一類連接詞除了引導(dǎo)主語從句之外，在從句中又分別這一類連接詞除了引導(dǎo)主語從句之外，在從句中又分別起代詞、副詞或形容詞的作用，在從句中分別作主語、賓語、起代詞、副詞或形容詞的作用，在從句中分別作主語、賓語、表語、狀語和定語。因此，表語、狀語和定語。因此，what，who(m)，which又稱為連又稱為連接代詞；接代詞；when，where，why，how又稱為連接副詞；又稱為連接副詞；whose，which，what又稱為連接形容詞。又稱為連接形容詞。Who will do it doesnt matter.誰來做這件事并沒有關(guān)系。誰來做這件事并沒有關(guān)系。(連接代詞連接代詞wh

20、o在從句中作主在從句中作主語語)Where the library is to be built has not been decided yet.圖書館將要建在哪里還未確定。圖書館將要建在哪里還未確定。(連接副詞連接副詞where在從句在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語中作地點(diǎn)狀語)3whatever，whoever，whomever，whichever，whenever，wherever，howeverwhatever等連接詞與等連接詞與what等連接代詞的用法一樣，不含等連接代詞的用法一樣，不含疑問意義，只是具有較強(qiáng)的語意，有疑問意義，只是具有較強(qiáng)的語意，有“凡是，不管，無論凡是，不管，無論”等意思。等

21、意思。whenever等連接詞也是如此。等連接詞也是如此。Whatever he said wasnt true.他說的任何事情都不是真的。他說的任何事情都不是真的。Wherever you are is my homemy only home.你在哪里哪里就是我的家你在哪里哪里就是我的家我惟一的家。我惟一的家。注意：注意： (1)從句作主語謂語動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)，但如果從句作主語謂語動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)，但如果 what 引導(dǎo)的引導(dǎo)的從句作主語，后跟名詞作表語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞則由表語名詞的從句作主語，后跟名詞作表語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞則由表語名詞的數(shù)量決定。數(shù)量決定。What he told me is true.他

22、告訴我的是真的。他告訴我的是真的。What he saw were some new comers.他看見的是些新來的人。他看見的是些新來的人。(2)It is said that sb.do sth.的復(fù)合句形式可轉(zhuǎn)化為簡(jiǎn)單句的復(fù)合句形式可轉(zhuǎn)化為簡(jiǎn)單句sb.be said to do sth.，而且在簡(jiǎn)單句中?？疾?，而且在簡(jiǎn)單句中?？疾?to do 的具體形的具體形式。式。(3)it 引導(dǎo)的強(qiáng)調(diào)句與引導(dǎo)的強(qiáng)調(diào)句與 it 作形式主語的復(fù)合句的區(qū)別。作形式主語的復(fù)合句的區(qū)別。it 引導(dǎo)的強(qiáng)調(diào)句是用來對(duì)句中除謂語外某一成分加以強(qiáng)引導(dǎo)的強(qiáng)調(diào)句是用來對(duì)句中除謂語外某一成分加以強(qiáng)調(diào)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為調(diào)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為

23、“It is/was被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分that/who.”。如。如果被強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語是果被強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語是“人人”，則可用，則可用 who 或或 that，如果被強(qiáng)調(diào)，如果被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是其他成分時(shí)，必須用的部分是其他成分時(shí)，必須用 that。It was I that/who met John in the street yesterday.是我昨天在街上遇到了約翰。是我昨天在街上遇到了約翰。(強(qiáng)調(diào)主語強(qiáng)調(diào)主語)It is a pity that you didnt go to see the film.你沒去看電影很可惜。你沒去看電影很可惜。(主語從句，形式主語主語從句，形式主語it)【鏈接訓(xùn)練】

24、【鏈接訓(xùn)練】_ I dont understand is _ they have got into trouble.AThat；that BWhat；whyCWhat；what DThat；why【解析】【解析】what引導(dǎo)主語從句，在從句中作引導(dǎo)主語從句，在從句中作understand的賓語；的賓語；that引導(dǎo)表語從句。引導(dǎo)表語從句?！敬鸢浮俊敬鸢浮緽Is it harmful if the news spreads?Im not sure. It remains to be seen _ it will be harmful.Athat Bwhich Cwhether Dwhat【解析】

25、【解析】whether引導(dǎo)主語從句，表示引導(dǎo)主語從句，表示“是否是否”。句。句意為：意為：如果消息傳播出去會(huì)有不好的影響嗎？如果消息傳播出去會(huì)有不好的影響嗎？我不確定。我不確定。它是否會(huì)有不利影響還有待于觀察。它是否會(huì)有不利影響還有待于觀察?！敬鸢浮俊敬鸢浮緾_ China will become stronger is certain.A不填不填 BThat CWhat DAs【解析】【解析】考查考查that引導(dǎo)的主語從句。引導(dǎo)的主語從句。that在從句中不作在從句中不作任何成分，只起引導(dǎo)作用，置于句首時(shí)，任何成分，只起引導(dǎo)作用，置于句首時(shí)，that不能省略。不能省略。【答案】【答案】B_

26、is obviously right is to give all children equal opportunities to develop their special gift.AWhich BWhat CThat DIt【解析】【解析】句意為：給所有的孩子機(jī)會(huì)發(fā)展他們的特殊句意為：給所有的孩子機(jī)會(huì)發(fā)展他們的特殊才能顯然是對(duì)的。才能顯然是對(duì)的。what在它引導(dǎo)的主語從句中作主語。在它引導(dǎo)的主語從句中作主語。【答案】【答案】B(sb/sth) be different from: 與與不同。不同。City life is quite different form country life

27、. 都市生活與鄉(xiāng)村生活是非常不同的。都市生活與鄉(xiāng)村生活是非常不同的。注意注意:（1）強(qiáng)調(diào)）強(qiáng)調(diào)different時(shí)用時(shí)用very, much, quite, entirely, totally等詞。等詞。 （2）有時(shí)，美語口語中用）有時(shí)，美語口語中用than,英語口語中用英語口語中用to來代替來代替from。There are differences betweenand 與與之間有不同之處之間有不同之處tellfrom 把把與與區(qū)分開來區(qū)分開來the same as 與與一樣一樣be similar to 與與相似相似 spread（1）vi. （消息等）傳開，流傳（消息等）傳開，流傳, 傳

28、播，蔓延傳播，蔓延 The news spread through the school very quickly.The fire spread from the factory to the house nearby.He spread out his arms to welcome us.（2）vt. “使伸展，延伸，鋪開，攤開使伸展，延伸，鋪開，攤開 ”，常與常與out連用。連用。I spread a new cloth on the table.我在餐桌上鋪上一條新桌布。我在餐桌上鋪上一條新桌布。他張開手臂歡迎我們。他張開手臂歡迎我們。 puzzle n puzzle nCC難題，謎

29、難題，謎vt.vt.使迷惑使迷惑 (1) be in a puzzle (1) be in a puzzle 感到困惑感到困惑 (2) puzzle sb.(2) puzzle sb.使某人迷惑使某人迷惑 (3) puzzling (3) puzzling adjadj. .令人困惑的令人困惑的 puzzled puzzled adjadj. .感到困惑的感到困惑的(4) (4) puzzleWhat (puzzle) me is why he left the meeting without telling anyone.令我困惑不解的是，他為什么沒告訴任何人就從會(huì)議上令我困惑不解的是，他為

30、什么沒告訴任何人就從會(huì)議上離開了。離開了。puzzles【鏈接訓(xùn)練】【鏈接訓(xùn)練】Facing the_situation, the sales manager looked_.Apuzzling；puzzled Bpuzzling；puzzling Cpuzzled；puzzled Dpuzzled；puzzling【解析】【解析】句意為：面臨著令人困惑的局勢(shì)，銷售部句意為：面臨著令人困惑的局勢(shì)，銷售部經(jīng)理看起來迷惑不解。第一空形容經(jīng)理看起來迷惑不解。第一空形容situation的特點(diǎn)用的特點(diǎn)用puzzling；表示人困惑時(shí)用；表示人困惑時(shí)用puzzled。故正確答案為。故正確答案為A項(xiàng)。項(xiàng)。

31、Apreventfromexsitharmful to harm violent We have only one earth!We should take care of the earth!ks5u精品課件4break out (火災(zāi)、戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)等火災(zāi)、戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)等)突然發(fā)生，爆發(fā)突然發(fā)生，爆發(fā)(無被動(dòng)語無被動(dòng)語態(tài)態(tài))歸納拓展歸納拓展break away from 脫離脫離(政黨等政黨等)；打破；打破(陳規(guī)等陳規(guī)等)break down 出故障，拋錨；出故障，拋錨；(計(jì)劃等計(jì)劃等)失敗；失?。?身體、精神身體、精神等等)垮掉；坍塌；中止；垮掉；坍塌；中止；(化合物等化合物等)分解分解break in

32、破門而入，突然闖入；打斷破門而入，突然闖入；打斷(話語等話語等)break into 破門而入；突然破門而入；突然起來起來break off 折斷；突然中止；斷絕，結(jié)束折斷；突然中止；斷絕，結(jié)束break through 突破，突圍突破，突圍break up 打碎，拆散；散開，解散；打碎，拆散；散開，解散；(學(xué)校學(xué)校)期終放假，期終放假，(集會(huì)集會(huì))結(jié)束結(jié)束nThey had escaped to America shortly before the war broke out in 1939.1939年戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爆發(fā)前不久他們逃到了美國(guó)。年戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)爆發(fā)前不久他們逃到了美國(guó)。nIt was at mid

33、night that a fire broke out.就是在午夜發(fā)生了一起火災(zāi)。就是在午夜發(fā)生了一起火災(zāi)。nHer health broke down under the pressure of work.她的身體因工作壓力垮掉了。她的身體因工作壓力垮掉了。【鏈接訓(xùn)練】【鏈接訓(xùn)練】When a fire _ in the downtown highrise apartment in Shanghai on Nov.15,2010，fifty eight people lost their lives.Abroke off Bbroke outCbroke down Dbroke up【解析】

34、【解析】break off“折斷，中止折斷，中止”；break out“(戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、火災(zāi)等火災(zāi)等)突然爆發(fā)突然爆發(fā)”；break down“出故障；出故障；(身體身體)垮掉垮掉”；break up“破碎、解散破碎、解散”。題干中說的是火災(zāi)突然發(fā)生，故。題干中說的是火災(zāi)突然發(fā)生，故符合題意的只有符合題意的只有B項(xiàng)。項(xiàng)。Bescape 1) v. sthdoing sthescape punishment=escape being punished escape from sth/some place2) n. An escape from the prison is difficult. de

35、pend on/upon 1) 信賴，依靠信賴，依靠 sb/sth forsb to do sthYou mustnt depend on others to help you.All living things depend on the sun for their growth. 2) 視而定，取決于視而定，取決于 The price depend on the quality. Your success depends on whether you work hard. depend on it 沒問題，請(qǐng)放心沒問題，請(qǐng)放心（句末或句首）（句末或句首） That /It (all) de

36、pends. 那得看情況而定那得看情況而定 我們都靠你來做決定了我們都靠你來做決定了Well all _to make a decision.明天是否能開校運(yùn)會(huì)取決與天氣明天是否能開校運(yùn)會(huì)取決與天氣Whether to hold the sports meeting or not will _.depend on youdepend on the weather相信相信/信賴某人信賴某人:count on sb. believe in sb. depend on sb.trust (in) sb.Ccheer up : 歡呼，喝彩，歡呼，喝彩，(使使)感到高興感到高興當(dāng)看到球隊(duì)的到來，人群歡呼

37、起來。當(dāng)看到球隊(duì)的到來，人群歡呼起來。_ when they saw the team arrive.他帶她去聽音樂會(huì)來使她高興。他帶她去聽音樂會(huì)來使她高興。He took her _ to _.The crowd cheered upto the concertcheer her up now that :既然，由于既然，由于既然每個(gè)人都到了，我們就可以開始會(huì)議。既然每個(gè)人都到了，我們就可以開始會(huì)議。_, we can begin the meeting.由于你是一個(gè)大男孩由于你是一個(gè)大男孩,你就必須行為表現(xiàn)你就必須行為表現(xiàn)得更好得更好._, you must behave better.N

38、ow that everybody is hereNow that you are a big boynow that同同since相似，語氣較弱，強(qiáng)調(diào)人們已知相似，語氣較弱，強(qiáng)調(diào)人們已知的事實(shí)。的事實(shí)。get the hang of : master, be familiar with.現(xiàn)在我已經(jīng)掌握了這個(gè)詞的用法了?，F(xiàn)在我已經(jīng)掌握了這個(gè)詞的用法了。Now Ive already got the hang of the word.3) (火災(zāi)火災(zāi))發(fā)生發(fā)生 A fire broke out in his house last night. 昨晚他家里失火了。昨晚他家里失火了?？键c(diǎn)考點(diǎn) bre

39、ak out 通常指戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、疾通常指戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、疾病、災(zāi)害等的爆發(fā)。不及物動(dòng)詞短病、災(zāi)害等的爆發(fā)。不及物動(dòng)詞短語，不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。語，不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。break away from 脫離脫離; 打破陳規(guī)打破陳規(guī). 用括號(hào)中所給單詞或短語的適當(dāng)形用括號(hào)中所給單詞或短語的適當(dāng)形式翻譯下列句子。式翻譯下列句子。1. 盡管我們動(dòng)身晚了，我們?nèi)匀患皶r(shí)盡管我們動(dòng)身晚了，我們?nèi)匀患皶r(shí)到達(dá)了這兒。（到達(dá)了這兒。（in time）2. 黑母雞會(huì)下白蛋，但白母雞不會(huì)下黑黑母雞會(huì)下白蛋，但白母雞不會(huì)下黑蛋。蛋。(lay eggs)Although we started late, we arrived here in

40、time.The black hens can lay white eggs, but the white hens cant lay black ones.4. 請(qǐng)你告訴我怎樣防止這種事情發(fā)生請(qǐng)你告訴我怎樣防止這種事情發(fā)生好嗎？好嗎？(prevent . from . )3. 很多婦女準(zhǔn)備在明年生寶寶。很多婦女準(zhǔn)備在明年生寶寶。(give birth to)Would you please tell me how to prevent this kind of thing from happening?Many women plan to give birth to babies next

41、year.5. 你知道第二次世界大戰(zhàn)是何時(shí)爆發(fā)的你知道第二次世界大戰(zhàn)是何時(shí)爆發(fā)的嗎？嗎？(break out)6. 當(dāng)你過馬路時(shí)要注意車輛。當(dāng)你過馬路時(shí)要注意車輛。(watch out)Do you know when the Second World War broke out?Watch out for the cars when you cross the street.7. 他不知如何回這封信。他不知如何回這封信。(puzzle)He was puzzled (about) how to answer the letter.8. 現(xiàn)在輪到我們學(xué)會(huì)如何與別人相處現(xiàn)在輪到我們學(xué)會(huì)如何與別人

42、相處了。了。(in ones turn)Now in our turn we must learn how to get along with others.9. 我昨晚熬夜了我昨晚熬夜了, 所以今天打不起精神。所以今天打不起精神。(cheer up)10. 既然你長(zhǎng)大了，就不應(yīng)該依靠你的既然你長(zhǎng)大了，就不應(yīng)該依靠你的父母了。父母了。(now that)I stayed up yesterday, so today I cant cheer up.Now that you have grown up, you should not rely/depend on your parents.Spe

43、aking (P. 31)Speaking (P. 31)How does the force of gravity change if you visit the moon?gravity: force that attracts objects in space towards each other. 萬有引力，萬有引力，重力，地心引力重力，地心引力What is the earths natural satellite?The moon.（自然衛(wèi)星）（自然衛(wèi)星）very strongdisappearedvery lightDetail reading: Read Para 2 care

44、fully and underline 3 sentences that are about the changes of the force of the gravity. (as he left, in space, on the moon)What to dressHow to breatheWhat to eatHow to cool youProblems1. Oxygen can2. Water system5. Right engine4. Left engine6. Tool kit3. Gravity bootsWhat would you need? spaceshipsp

45、acesuitwaterOxygen producer a space cameraspace foodIf you were going to the moonBrainstorming Fill in the chart. spaceship with water to cool youcarrying oxygen tanksspacesuitspacebuggyspacesuita rope to tie you to the spaceship space food that you can eat easilyspacesuitsunglassesspace cameraStude

46、nts work in pairs and give each other a number of “does” and “donts”for going to the moon.When finished,you can write some suggestions of yours down and read them out to the rest of the class.Discussion:These words and phrases may help you:Writing (P.31)Writing (P.31)Have a happy trip to the Have a

47、happy trip to the moonmoonBrainstorming for writingHave a happy trip to the moonwhen wherewhatwho problemssolutions (how)You are expected to design 3 problems:Pre-writing (3m)Main idea:explain the three problems you will have while visiting the moon.Paragraph 1: problem 1 and how you will solve it.P

48、aragraph 2: problem 2 and how you will solve it.Paragraph 3: problem 3 and how you will solve it.Summing up: how successful the holiday will be if you follow this advice.How to write an outline?heading Outline (main idea)The first paragraph(introduction)Body (your own ideas on the item)Conclusion (s

49、umming up)DISCOVERING USEFUL WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS P. 28Answer key for exercise 1:presenceviolenceconfidencedifferencepatienceuncertainunfairunpaidunlikeunkindculturalglobaluniversalagriculturalmathematicalartistphysicistchemistbiologistscientistAnswer key for exercise 2:Answer key for exercise 3:An

50、swer key for exercise 4:violent angry rude shocked excited crazypatient gentle relaxing kind easy-going calmthe first man in spaceYuri Gagarin The first man to land on the moonNeil Armstrong Union of Soviet Socialist Republics 1961U.S.A. 1969One small step for a man ,one giant leap for mankind The f

51、irst Chinese man in spaceYang Liwei 2003 Sheng Zhou 地球地球 _ 木星木星 _ 火星火星 _ 水星水星 _ 海王星海王星 _F. 冥王星冥王星 _G. 土星土星 _H. 天王星天王星 _I. 金星金星 _EarthJupiterMarsMercuryNeptunePlutoSaturnUranusVenustelescopelChineselEnglish lmathematicslphysicslchemistrylgeographylbiologylhistorylpoliticsphysicsmathematicschemistrybi

52、ologygeographyScience subjectsIsaac Newton,牛頓牛頓 16421727 Universal gravity萬有引力萬有引力Einstein, Albert (1879-1955)愛恩斯坦愛恩斯坦Relativity（相對(duì)論）（相對(duì)論）Pangu separates the sky from the earth breathwinds and cloudsvoice thunder left eye the sun right eye the moon blood the rivers veins the roadsOther legends about the beginning of universeGod created the world in seven days上帝創(chuàng)世說：What interests you in astronomy? Do you know any questions that astronomers are interested in? How the universe began?How life began?Is there life on other planets?Are there other life forms in the un