1、Electronic Teaching Portfolio Book FourUnit One: Man and NaturePart I Get StartedSection A Discussion Sit in groups of threes or fours and discuss the following questions. 1. Do you think man lives in harmony with nature now?2. Do you think that man has been destroying nature? Could you give some ex

2、amples?3. What do you think we should do to preserve nature? Answers for reference:1. A possible answer: No. The present relationship between man and nature is not as harmonious as before. With the population explosion and the development of the economy, serious damage has been done to nature. All t

3、his has resulted in such problems as global warming, soil erosion, shortage of fresh water, droughts and sandstorms. Human beings no longer live in harmony with nature.2. A possible answer: Yes. For example, man has cut down half of the trees that existed 10,000 years ago. The loss of trees has upse

4、t the ecosystem and resulted in the extinction of many species. Consequently, nature has lost its balance. Another example is that man has been burning too much fossil fuel for daily use and industrial production, which has caused heavy pollution to our environment.3. A possible answer: Firstly, we

5、shouldnt develop our economy at the expense of nature. Secondly, we should take as little as possible from nature and put back into it as much as we can. Thirdly, we should form the habit of saving natural resources. We should be aware that natural resources are not inexhaustible. When we reach the

6、point of no return, there will be nothing left for future generations. Section B Quotes Study the following quotes about man and nature and discuss in pairs what you can learn from them. Frank Lloyd Wright Study nature, love nature, stay close to nature. It will never fail you. Frank Lloyd WrightInt

7、erpretation:As an architect, Wright emphasizes the importance of loving and studying nature. We should observe nature, take care of it and live in harmony with it. And then we will never feel disappointed with it.About Frank Lloyd Wright (1867-1959): an American architect and writer. He was the most

8、 creative genius of American architecture. Albert Einstein Look deep into nature, and then you will understand everything better. Albert EinsteinInterpretation:As a scientist, Einstein believes that a close study of nature will help us better understand things.About Albert Einstein (1879-1955): US p

9、hysicist and mathematician, born in Germany, who developed the Theory of Relativity, which completely changed the way that scientists understand space and time. William Hazlitt Look deep into nature, and then you will understand everything better. William HazlittInterpretation:As a writer, Hazlitt u

10、rges us to love and appreciate nature heart and soul.About William Hazlitt (1778-1830): a British writer and critic, known for his essays on many subjects, especially literature. His best-known collection of essays is entitled Table Talk (席間閑談).John Cage The highest purpose is to have no purpose at

11、all. This puts one in accord with nature, in her manner of operation. John CageInterpretation:Mans ideal life is to be integrated into nature, so we should respect nature and follow its laws.About John Cage (1912-1992): a US composer and pianist. In 1951, he organized a group of musicians and engine

12、ers to make the first music on magnetic tape.Section C Watching and DiscussionWatch the following video clip “If the world warms by 6 degrees” and do the tasks that follow:插入視頻片段： “If the world warms by 6 degrees.wmv” 1. Fill in the missing words according to what you hear from the video clip. If th

13、e world warms by 6 degrees, from a distance the oceans may appear bright blue, but they are marine wastelands. Deserts march across continents like conquering armies. Natural disasters become common events. Some of the worlds great cities are flooded and abandoned. If temperatures soar by 6 degrees

14、within less than a century, were going to face nothing less than a global wipe out.2. What do you think are other possible consequences of a warmer climate? (Open.)Script：If the world warms by 6 degrees, from a distance the oceans may appear bright blue, but they are marine wastelands. Deserts march

15、 across continents like conquering armies. Natural disasters become common events. Some of the worlds great cities are flooded and abandoned.This could be our world plus 6 degrees. “Warmings of 6 degrees over longer time periods have been associated with some of the most devastating mass extinctions

16、 which have ever taken place, so its certainly fair to assume that if temperatures soar by 6 degrees within less than a century, then were going to face nothing less than a global wipe out.”6 degrees of warming has been called the Doomsday scenario.Our lives would never be the same again.Part II Lis

17、ten and RespondSection A Word Bankmarine a. of, near, living in, or obtained from the sea （近）海的；海生（產(chǎn)）的fishery n. a part of the sea used for the business of catching sea fish 近海漁場exhaust vt. use up completely 用完，用盡endanger vt. cause danger to 使遭危害，危及excessive a. too much; too great; going beyond what

18、 is reasonable or right 過多的，過分的，過度的starvation n. U suffering or death from lack of food 挨餓，饑餓；餓死Section B Task One: Focusing on the Main Ideas Choose the best answer to complete each of the following sentences according to the information contained in the listening passage. 1. What is the main idea

19、of the passage?A) The importance of seafood supplies.B) The fish harvest in the North Atlantic.C) The decline in fish supplies in the sea.D) The importance of protecting sea resources.2. What did people in Europe and America in the 19th century think about marine resources?A) They thought that marin

20、e resources were almost exhausted.B) They thought that marine resources were seriously destroyed.C) They thought that marine resources were unlimited.D) They thought that marine resources were endangered.3. Why are the threats to fish more alarming than the threats to animals and birds?A) Because fi

21、sh is a much needed food resource.B) Because plenty of fish is killed every year.C) Because fish is the only diet for many people.D) Because the sea fisheries are going to be exhausted.4. How much fish is harvested in the North Atlantic every year?A) 12 billion pounds.B) 12 million pounds.C) 20 bill

22、ion pounds.D) 20 million pounds.5. What warning do scientists give in the passage?A) Natural resources will be exhausted within the next few years.B) Fish reserves will be destroyed within the next few years because of excessive fishing.C) People in some parts of the world will face starvation becau

23、se of the drought.D) Peoples demand on fish will decline in some parts of the world. Key: 1 D 2 C 3 A 4 C 5 BSection C Task Two: Zooming In on the DetailsListen to the recording again and fill in each of the blanks according to what you have heard. Today though, there is evidence showing that marine

24、 resources are as seriously _ as those of the land and the air. In fact, in some ways the _ to fish are more alarming than the threats to animals and birds. This is because fish is a much needed food _, as people throughout the world depend on fish as an important part of their _. It is reported tha

25、t to _ food demands, 20 billion pounds of fish are _ every year in the North Atlantic alone. Sea resources are also rapidly _ in many other parts of the world.Scientists now believe that food _ from the sea wont last forever. They warn that _ fishing will destroy fish reserves within the next few ye

26、ars. They also warn that the decline in fish supply will cause _ in some parts of the world. Answers for reference:Today though, there is evidence showing that marine resources are as seriously endangered as those of the land and the air. In fact, in some ways the threats to fish are more alarming t

27、han the threats to animals and birds. This is because fish is a much needed food resource, as people throughout the world depend on fish as an important part of their diet. It is reported that to satisfy food demands, 20 billion pounds of fish are harvested every year in the North Atlantic alone. Se

28、a resources are also rapidly declining in many other parts of the world.Scientists now believe that food supplies from the sea wont last forever. They warn that excessive fishing will destroy fish reserves within the next few years. They also warn that the decline in fish supply will cause starvatio

29、n in some parts of the world.Script: The Importance of Protecting Sea ResourcesDuring the 19th century, people in Europe and America claimed that marine resources were unlimited. For example, a noted biologist at the time commented that none of the worlds great sea fisheries were ever going to be ex

30、hausted.Today though, there is evidence showing that marine resources are as seriously endangered as those of the land and the air. In fact, in some ways the threats to fish are more alarming than the threats to animals and birds. This is because fish is a much needed food resource, as people throug

31、hout the world depend on fish as an important part of their diet. It is reported that to satisfy food demands, 20 billion pounds of fish are harvested every year in the North Atlantic alone. Sea resources are also rapidly declining in many other parts of the world.Scientists now believe that food su

32、pplies from the sea wont last forever. They warn that excessive fishing will destroy fish reserves within the next few years. They also warn that the decline in fish supply will cause starvation in some parts of the world.Part III Read and ExploreText A Section A Discovering the Main IdeasExercise 1

33、: Answer the following questions with the information contained in Text A. 1) Does man tend to become less dependent on nature with the rapid development of society? Why or why not?2) What does the author think about the present relationship between man and nature?3) Whats the distinct feature of mo

34、dern technology according to the passage?4) Whats the solution to the ecological crisis according to the author?5) Whats the authors attitude towards the human transformation of nature? Answers for reference:1) No. As society develops, man tends to become less dependent on nature directly, while ind

35、irectly his dependence grows. For instance, in this industrial society, it appears that man is relying less on nature for its natural gifts since he can produce what he needs with the help of modern technology. However, man still has to take raw materials from nature for production and, in fact, dep

36、ends on nature more than ever for such irreplaceable resources as coal, oil, and so on.2) According to the author, the present relationship between man and nature is not as harmonious as before, as the previous dynamic balance between man and nature and between nature and society as a whole has show

37、n ominous signs of breaking down. It is increasingly difficult to obtain irreplaceable natural resources for the needs of production and to eliminate industrial waste.3) The distinct feature of modern technology is the increasing abundance of produced and used synthetic goods. With modern technology

38、, man has produced and consumed more synthetic goods than he needs, which has severely polluted nature.4) According to the author, the solution lies in rational and wise organization of both production itself and care for Mother Nature by all humanity. One of the ways to deal with the crisis is to u

39、se natural resources such as solar energy, and the power of winds.5) The author takes a negative attitude towards human transformation of nature. According to the passage, mans transformation has brought about fatal destruction to nature. Nature is being exhausted in resources, contaminated by synth

40、etic products, and troubled by ecological imbalance.Exercise 2: Text A can be divided into four parts with the paragraph number(s) of each part provided as follows. Write down the main idea of each part.PartParagraph(s)Main IdeaI 1-2 Man lives in the realm of nature. He is connected with nature by “

41、blood” ties and he cannot live outside nature.II 3-4 As society develops, man tends to become less dependent on nature directly, while indirectly his dependence grows because it is increasingly difficult to obtain irreplaceable natural resources for the needs of production.III 5-7 At present Mother

42、Nature is being exhausted in resources, contaminated. The previous dynamic balance between man and nature and between nature and society as a whole has shown ominous signs of breaking down.IV 8-9 The solution to man-nature lies in rational and wise organization of both production itself and care for

43、 Mother Nature by all humanity. Section B In-depth StudyNature nurtures mankind unselfishly with its rich resources. Yet, man is so carried away in his transformation of nature that he is unaware that it also has limitations and needs constant care. Now worn by the excessive demands of mankind, natu

44、re is unable to maintain the ecological balance needed. Humanity is faced with the problem of how to stop, or at least to moderate, the destruction of Mother Nature.Man in the Realm of NatureAlexander Spirkin1 Human beings live in the realm of nature. They are constantly surrounded by it and interac

45、t with it. Man is constantly aware of the influence of nature in the form of the air he breathes, the water he drinks, and the food he eats. We are connected with nature by “blood” ties and we cannot live outside nature.2 Man is not only a dweller in nature, he also transforms it. Humanity converts

46、natures wealth into the means of the cultural, historical life of society. Man has subdued and disciplined electricity and compelled it to serve the interests of society. Not only has man transferred various species of plants and animals to different climatic conditions, he has also changed the shap

47、e and climate of his environment and transformed plants and animals.3 As society develops, man tends to become less dependent on nature directly, while indirectly his dependence grows. Our distant ancestors lived in fear of natures destructive forces. Very often they were unable to obtain the merest

48、 daily necessities. However, despite their imperfect tools, they worked together stubbornly, collectively, and were able to attain results. Nature was also changed through interaction with man. Forests were destroyed and the area of farmland increased. Nature with its elemental forces was regarded a

49、s something hostile to man. The forest, for example, was something wild and frightening and people tried to force it to retreat. This was all done in the name of civilisation, which meant the places where man had made his home, where the earth was cultivated, where the forest had been cut down.4 But

50、 as time goes on mankind becomes increasingly concerned with the question of where and how to obtain irreplaceable natural resources for the needs of production. Science and mans practical transforming activities have made humanity aware of the enormous geological role played by the industrial trans

51、formation of the earth.5 At present the previous dynamic balance between man and nature and between nature and society as a whole has shown ominous signs of breaking down. The problem of the so-called replaceable resources of the biosphere has become particularly acute. It is getting more and more d

52、ifficult to satisfy the needs of human beings and society even for such a substance, for example, as fresh water. The problem of eliminating industrial waste is also becoming increasingly complex.6 Modern technology is distinguished by an ever increasing abundance of produced and used synthetic good

53、s. Hundreds of thousands of synthetic materials are being made. People increasingly cover their bodies from head to foot in nylon and other synthetic, glittering fabrics that are obviously not good for them. Young people may hardly feel this, and they pay more attention to appearance than to health.

54、 But they become more aware of this harmful influence as they grow older.7 As time goes on the synthetic output of production turns into waste, and then substances that in their original form were not very toxic are transformed in the cycle of natural processes into aggressive agents. Today both nat

55、ural scientists and philosophers are asking themselves the question: Is mans destruction of the biosphere inevitable?8 The man-nature relation the crisis of the ecological situation is a global problem. Its solution lies in rational and wise organization of both production itself and care for Mother

56、 Nature, not just by individuals, enterprises or countries, but by all humanity. One of the ways to deal with the crisis situation in the “man-nature” system is to use such resources as solar energy, the power of winds, the riches of the seas and oceans and other as yet unknown natural forces of the

57、 universe.9 But to return to our theme, the bitter truth is that those human actions which violate the laws of nature, the harmony of the biosphere, threaten to bring disaster and this disaster may turn out to be universal. How apt then are the words of ancient Oriental wisdom: live closer to nature, my friends, and its eternal laws will protect you! 課文參考譯文人在自然界亞歷山大·斯伯金1 人類生活在大自然的王國里。他們時刻被大自然所包圍并與之相互影響。人類呼吸的空氣、喝下的水和攝入的食物，無一不令人類時刻感知到大自然的影響。我們與大自然血肉相連，離開大自然，我們將無法生存。2 人類不僅生活在大自然之中，同時也在改變著大自然。人類把自然資源轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)楦鞣N文化，社會歷史的財富。人類降服并控制了電，迫使它為