1、常用英語語法術(shù)語表語法grammar句法syntax詞法morphology結(jié)構(gòu)structure層次rank句子sentence從句clause詞組phrase詞類partofspeech單詞word實詞notionalword虛詞structruralword名詞noun專有名詞propernoun普通名詞commonnoun可數(shù)名詞countablenoun不可數(shù)名詞uncountablenoun抽象名詞abstractnoun具體名詞concretmoun物質(zhì)名詞materialnoun集體名詞collectivenoun個體名詞individualnoun介詞preposition連

2、詞conjunction動詞verb主動詞mainverb及物動詞transitiveverb不及物動詞intransitiveverb系動詞linkverb助動詞auxiliaryverb情態(tài)動詞modalverb規(guī)則動詞regularverb不規(guī)則動詞irregularverb短語動詞phrasalverb限定動詞finiteverb非限定動詞infiniteverb使役動詞causativeverb感官動詞verbofsenses動態(tài)動詞eventverb靜態(tài)動詞stateverb感嘆詞exclamation形容詞adjective副詞adverb方式副詞adverbofmanner程度

3、副詞adverbofdegree時間副詞adverboftime地點副詞adverbofplace修飾性副詞adjunct連接性副詞conjunct疑問副詞interogativeadverb關(guān)系副詞relativeadverb代詞pronoun人稱代詞personalpronoun物主代詞possesivepronoun反身代詞reflexivepronoun相互代詞reciprocalpronoun指示代詞demonstrativepronoun疑問代詞interrogativepronoun關(guān)系代詞relativepronoun不定代詞indefinitepronoun物主代詞posse

4、civepronoun名詞性物主代詞nominalpossesiveprnoun形容詞性物主代詞adjectivalpossesivepronoun冠詞article定冠詞definitearticle不定冠詞indefinitearticle數(shù)詞numeral基數(shù)詞cardinalnumeral序數(shù)詞ordinalnumeral分數(shù)詞fractionalnumeral形式form單數(shù)形式singularform復(fù)數(shù)形式pluralform限定動詞finiteverbform非限定動詞nonfiniteverbform原形baseform從句clause從屬句subordinateclause

5、并列句coordinateclause名詞從句nominalclause定語從句attributiveclause5狀語從句adverbialclause賓語從句objectclause主語從句subjectclause同位語從句appositiveclauseadverbialclauseofplaceadverbialclauseofmanneradverbialclauseofcauseadverbialclauseofresultadverbialclause時間狀語從句adverbialclauseoftimeofpurposeadverbialclauseofconditionad

6、verbialclauseof真實條件狀語從句adverbialclauseofrealcondition非真實條件狀語從句adverbialclauseofunrealcondition感嘆句exclamatorysentence基本句型basicsentencepaternn八、vv/vv句讓步狀語從句concession原因狀語從句結(jié)果狀語從句目的狀語從句句子成分membersofsentences主語subject謂語predicate賓語object雙賓語dualobject直接賓語directobject間接賓語indirectobject復(fù)合賓語complexobject同源賓語

7、cognateobject補語complement主補subjectcomplement賓補objectcomplement表語predicative定語attribute同位語appositive狀語adverbial句法關(guān)系syntaticrelationship并列coordinate從屬subordination修飾modification前置修飾pre-modification后置修飾post-modification限制restriction雙重限制doublerestriction非限制non-restriction數(shù)number單數(shù)形式singularform復(fù)數(shù)形式plura

8、lform規(guī)則形式regularform不規(guī)則形式irregularform格case普通格commoncase所有格possessivecase主格nominativecase賓格objectivecase性gender陽性masculine含蓄條件句adverbialclauseofimpliedcondition錯綜條件句adverbialclauseofmixedcondition句子sentence簡單句simplesentence并列句compoundsentence復(fù)合句complexsentence并列復(fù)合句compoundcomplexsentence陳述句declarati

9、vesentence疑問句interrogativesentence一般疑問句generalquestion特殊疑問句specialquestion選擇疑問句alternativequestion附加疑問句tagquestion反義疑問句disjunctivequestion修辭疑問句rhetoricalquestion感嘆疑問句exclamatoryquestion存在句existentialsentence肯定句positivesentwence否定句negativesentence祈使句imperativesentence省略句ellipticalsentence語序order自然語序n

10、aturalorder倒裝語序inversion全部倒裝fullinversion部分倒裝partialinversion直接引語directspeech間接引語indirectspeech自由直接引語freedirectspeech自由間接引語freeindirectspeech一致agreement主謂一致subject-predicateagreement語法一致grammaticalagreement概念一致notionalagreement就近原則principleofproximity強調(diào)emphasis重復(fù)repetition語音pronunciation語調(diào)tone升調(diào)risi

11、ngtone降調(diào)fallingtone降升調(diào)falling-risingtone文體style正式文體formal非正式文體informal口語spoken/oralEnglish套語formulisticexpression英國英語BritishEnglish美國英語AmericanEnglish用法usage感情色彩emotionalcoloring褒義commendatory貶義derogatory幽默humorous諷刺sarcastic挖苦ironic陰性feminine通性common中性neuter人稱person第一人稱firstperson第二人稱secondperson第三

12、人稱thirdperson時態(tài)tense過去將來時pastfuturetense過去將來進行時pastfuturecontinuoustense過去將來完成時pastfutureperfecttense一般現(xiàn)在時presentsimpletense一般過去時pastsimpletense一般將來時futuresimpletense現(xiàn)在完成時pastperfecttense過去完成時presentperfecttense將來完成時futureperfecttense現(xiàn)在進行時presentcontinuoustense過去進行時pastcontinuoustense將來進行時futurecont

13、inuoustense過去將來進行時pastfuturecontinuoustense現(xiàn)在完成進行時presentperfectcontinuoustense過去完成進行時pastperfectcontinuoustense語態(tài)voice主動語態(tài)activevoice被動語態(tài)passivevoice語氣mood陳述語氣indicativemood祈使語氣imperativemood虛擬語氣subjunctivemood否定negation否定范圍scopeofnegation全部否定fullnegation局部否定partialnegation轉(zhuǎn)移否定shiftofnegation英語教學(xué)方法SituationalApproach情景教學(xué)法theAudio-LingualApproach聽說教學(xué)法theAudio-visualApproach視聽教學(xué)法theComm