1、Term translationChapter1流動性過剩excess liquidity自給自足self-sufficient經(jīng)濟(jì)資源economic resources直接投資direct investment國際收支balance of payments商品交換barter出口退稅export tax rebate傾銷dumping出口型經(jīng)濟(jì)增長export-driven economic growth東道國host country貿(mào)易差額balance of trade貿(mào)易順差favorable balance of trade貿(mào)易逆差unfavorable balance of tr

2、ade歐盟European Union國際收支順差favorable balance of payments國際收支逆差unfavorable balance of payments有形貿(mào)易visible trade無形貿(mào)易invisible trade貨物貿(mào)易trade in goods服務(wù)貿(mào)易trade in servicesChapter2關(guān)稅壁壘tariff barriers非關(guān)稅壁壘non-tariff barriers從量稅specific duties配額quota保護(hù)性關(guān)稅protective tariff市場失靈market failure幼稚產(chǎn)業(yè)infant industr

3、y許可證制度licensing system財政關(guān)稅revenue tariff政府采購government procurement貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義trade protectionism從價稅Ad Valorem Duties最低限價floor price本地采購規(guī)則"buy local" rules增加內(nèi)需raise domestic demanddomestic content國內(nèi)含量red-tape barriers進(jìn)口環(huán)節(jié)壁壘export subsidies出口補(bǔ)貼binding quota綁定配額absolute quotas絕對配額VER自愿出口限制tariff-r

4、ate quotas關(guān)稅配額zero quota零配額“buy local” rules本地采購原則Chapter3trade bloc貿(mào)易集團(tuán)trade block貿(mào)易禁運(yùn)/ 封鎖open regionalism開放式區(qū)域主義free trade area自由貿(mào)易區(qū)customs union關(guān)稅聯(lián)盟common market共同市場economic union經(jīng)濟(jì)聯(lián)盟trade embargoes貿(mào)易禁運(yùn)boycotts抵制歧視性關(guān)稅discriminatory tariffs經(jīng)濟(jì)制裁economic sanction貿(mào)易彈性trade elasticity雙邊貿(mào)易協(xié)定bilateral t

5、rade agreement多邊貿(mào)易協(xié)定multilateral trade agreements最惠國most favored nationChapter4施惠國Patronage nations受惠國Favored nations締約國Contracting Parties市場準(zhǔn)入market access透明度transparency緊急進(jìn)口措施Urgent Importing Measures爭端解決機(jī)制dispute settlement mechanism可持續(xù)發(fā)展sustainable development特許經(jīng)營franchiseChapter5裝運(yùn)港port of ship

6、ment船上交貨FOB卸貨費discharge expense多式聯(lián)運(yùn)multimodal transport投保cover insurance內(nèi)陸水運(yùn)marine navigation on inland waterway清關(guān)customs clearance象征性交貨symbolic deliveryVAT增值稅String sales*連環(huán)貿(mào)易procure the goods already so delivered*采購已交付貨物place the goods at the disposal of the buyer*貨物放置由買方處置Chapter6毛重gross weight理論

7、重量theoretical weight凈重net weight約定皮重computed tare公量conditioned weight單位重量unit weight含水量water capacity習(xí)慣皮重customary tare法定重量legal weight實際皮重actual weight從價稅ad valorem duty平均皮重average tare貨樣不符goods not equal to the sample副產(chǎn)品by-products國家質(zhì)量監(jiān)督檢驗檢疫總局General Administration of Quality SupervisionChapter7油輪

8、Oil tanker定程租船Voyage Charter滾裝船Ro/Ro vessel定期租船Time Charter載駁輪LASH ( Light Aboard Ship )光船租船Bare Boat Charter(BBC)船期表sailing schedule租船合同charter contract滯期費demurrage charge班輪運(yùn)價表liner freight rate schedule速遣費dispatch money選卸附加費optional additional直航附加費direct additional轉(zhuǎn)船附加費transshipment surcharge港口擁擠附

9、加費Port Congestion Surcharge運(yùn)輸代理transportation agent包裹package拼箱貨LCL( Less than container load)結(jié)匯settlement整裝箱FCL( Full container load )空運(yùn)單Air waybill集裝箱貨運(yùn)站container yard裝運(yùn)通知shipping notice處置權(quán)right of disposalpartial shipment分批裝船partial transshipment分批轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)bill of lading提單clean B/L清潔提單order B/L指示提單combin

10、ed transport B/L聯(lián)合運(yùn)輸提單blank B/L空白提單straight B/L記名提單through B/L聯(lián)運(yùn)提單liner B/L班輪提單ante-dated B/L倒簽提單advanced B/L預(yù)借提單consignment note陸運(yùn)或鐵路運(yùn)輸通知blank endorsement空白背書IATA國際航空運(yùn)輸協(xié)會combined transport documents多式聯(lián)運(yùn)單據(jù)FCL整箱貨LCL拼箱貨Chapter8投保人insured共同海損general average投保金額insured amount外來風(fēng)險extraneous risks保險單insur

11、ance policy推定全損constructive average海上風(fēng)險marine risks施救費用salvage charges救助費用sue and labor expenses意外事故misfortune承保人insurer單獨海損particular average保險費insurance premium航空運(yùn)輸貨物戰(zhàn)爭險air transportation war risk陸運(yùn)險land transportation risks陸運(yùn)一切險land transportation all risks估損費用risk estimation charges航空運(yùn)輸一切險air tr

12、ansportation all risks chargesOcean marine insurance海運(yùn)保險War risk戰(zhàn)爭險Basic risks coverage基本險種Insured amount投保金額T.P.N.D.偷盜、失竊、提貨不著險Taint of odor串味險Overland transportation insurance陸上運(yùn)輸保險Parcel post insurance郵寄包裹保險Free from particular average平安險Additional risks coverage附加險別Fresh water and/or rain damage

13、淡水雨淋險With particular average水漬險Chapter 9Cost structure成本構(gòu)成Cost of production生產(chǎn)成本Profit margin邊際利潤Selling cost銷售成本Target costing目標(biāo)成本法Everyday low pricing(EDLP)total fixed cost每日低價Variable cost變動成本Skimming price strategy撇脂定價戰(zhàn)略Penetration strategy滲透定價戰(zhàn)略Floating exchange risk浮動匯率風(fēng)險以成本為基礎(chǔ)的定價法pricing based on cost損益兩平定價法break-even pricing邊際成本定價法Marginal cost pricing損益兩平點break-even point計價貨幣money of account支付貨幣money of payment硬通貨hard currency軟通貨soft currency匯率exchange rate傭金commission折扣discount價款調(diào)整price adjustment期貨市場forward market現(xiàn)貨市場spot marketChapter