1、人教課標(biāo)版人教課標(biāo)版高二高二 選修選修6 6Unit 3GrammarGrammarit it的用法的用法 做形式主語(yǔ)做形式主語(yǔ) It 可以用作先行詞作為句子的主可以用作先行詞作為句子的主語(yǔ)語(yǔ),而把句子的真正主語(yǔ)移到后面去而把句子的真正主語(yǔ)移到后面去, 可以移到后面的主語(yǔ)是：可以移到后面的主語(yǔ)是： 不定式不定式 句子的謂語(yǔ)可以是句子的謂語(yǔ)可以是 be + 形容詞；形容詞；e.g. It is important to know your limitations. 知道自己的局限性是很重要的。知道自己的局限性是很重要的。be+名詞；名詞；e.g. It is a good idea to hav

2、e a little notebook handy. 手邊有個(gè)小筆記本是個(gè)好主意。手邊有個(gè)小筆記本是個(gè)好主意。be+介詞短語(yǔ)；介詞短語(yǔ)；e.g. It is against the law to do that. 這樣做是違法的。這樣做是違法的。其他類型的謂語(yǔ)其他類型的謂語(yǔ)e.g. It gives me great pleasure to see the movie. 觀看電影讓我很高興。觀看電影讓我很高興。2) 動(dòng)名詞動(dòng)名詞用用no good, no use, great fun, a new experience等名詞作表語(yǔ)；等名詞作表語(yǔ)；e.g. It is fun working f

3、or him. 為他工作很有意思。為他工作很有意思。也可用某些形容詞作表語(yǔ)；也可用某些形容詞作表語(yǔ)；e.g. Do you think it is worthwhile quarrelling with him？ 你認(rèn)為和他吵值得嗎？你認(rèn)為和他吵值得嗎？一些其他的謂語(yǔ)形式。一些其他的謂語(yǔ)形式。e.g. Does it matter wasting a little money? 稍微浪費(fèi)一點(diǎn)錢行嗎？稍微浪費(fèi)一點(diǎn)錢行嗎？3) 主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句可以是可以是that引導(dǎo)的；引導(dǎo)的；e.g. It is strange that it hasnt been noticed before. 真奇怪真奇怪

4、, 它以前沒(méi)有引起注意。它以前沒(méi)有引起注意。 It is a wonder that he is still alive. 他居然還活著他居然還活著, 真是個(gè)奇跡。真是個(gè)奇跡。 It happened that the harvest was bad that year. 碰巧碰巧, 那年的收成不好。那年的收成不好。It is said that there has an earthquake in Japan. 據(jù)說(shuō)日本發(fā)生了地震。據(jù)說(shuō)日本發(fā)生了地震。 也可能是也可能是wh-詞引導(dǎo)的詞引導(dǎo)的e.g. It is still a question how many people are to

5、come. 多少個(gè)人會(huì)來(lái)多少個(gè)人會(huì)來(lái), 還是個(gè)問(wèn)題。還是個(gè)問(wèn)題。 It is no business of yours where I spend my summer.我在哪兒過(guò)夏天我在哪兒過(guò)夏天, 這不關(guān)你的事。這不關(guān)你的事。It remains to be seen whether it will do us harm or good. 對(duì)我們有好處還是有害處對(duì)我們有好處還是有害處, 還要等著還要等著瞧。瞧。It was clear enough what he meant. 他的意思很清楚。他的意思很清楚。 當(dāng)復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)中的賓語(yǔ)是不定式、動(dòng)當(dāng)復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)中的賓語(yǔ)是不定式、動(dòng)名詞、賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)名詞

6、、賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí), 往往把賓語(yǔ)放往往把賓語(yǔ)放在它的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)后面在它的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)后面, 而用而用it作形式賓作形式賓語(yǔ)語(yǔ), 放在賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)之前。放在賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)之前。e.g. I think it no use arguing with him. 我認(rèn)為和他爭(zhēng)吵沒(méi)有用。我認(rèn)為和他爭(zhēng)吵沒(méi)有用。2. 作形式賓語(yǔ)。作形式賓語(yǔ)。I found it very interesting to study English. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)英語(yǔ)非常有趣。我發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)英語(yǔ)非常有趣。He made it clear that he was not interested in this subject. 他非常清楚地表示他對(duì)那門學(xué)科不他非

7、常清楚地表示他對(duì)那門學(xué)科不感興趣。感興趣。 3. 用于強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)用于強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu) 要強(qiáng)調(diào)句子的某一部分要強(qiáng)調(diào)句子的某一部分, 通常是主語(yǔ)、通常是主語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ), 可以把可以把it當(dāng)作先行詞。當(dāng)作先行詞。這種句子的結(jié)構(gòu)是：這種句子的結(jié)構(gòu)是： “It is/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who+句句子的其他部分子的其他部分”。如果強(qiáng)調(diào)的是人。如果強(qiáng)調(diào)的是人,可以用可以用who, whom代替代替that。e.g. It is Prof. Lin who teaches us English. (強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)) It is English that Prof. Lin teach

8、es us (強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ)強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語(yǔ)) It was in Shanghai that I saw the film. (強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語(yǔ)強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語(yǔ)) It was in 2001 that I went to university. (強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語(yǔ)強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語(yǔ))e.g. The frog is not a warm-blood animal. Its a cold-blooded one.4. 用作人稱代詞用作人稱代詞代替前文提到的事物。代替前文提到的事物。5. 作為非人稱代詞作為非人稱代詞 起指示代詞的作用起指示代詞的作用, 指一個(gè)人或事物。指一個(gè)人或事物。 e.g. Who is knocking at the

9、 door？ Its me. 2) 泛指天氣。泛指天氣。 e.g. Its a warm sunny afternoon.3) 泛指時(shí)間泛指時(shí)間e.g. It was nearly midnight when she came back.4) 泛指環(huán)境泛指環(huán)境e.g. It is noisy here.5) 泛指距離泛指距離e.g. It is half an hours walk to the city center. 6. 用于某些習(xí)語(yǔ)用于某些習(xí)語(yǔ) make it 及時(shí)趕到及時(shí)趕到;成功成功;辦成辦成 e.g. You can make it if you hurry. 如如果你趕快還可以

10、及時(shí)趕到。果你趕快還可以及時(shí)趕到。 You neednt worry; he will make it.你不必?fù)?dān)心你不必?fù)?dān)心, 他會(huì)辦到的。他會(huì)辦到的。catch it 被責(zé)罵被責(zé)罵; 受處罰受處罰e.g. If I come home late, Ill catch it from my mother. 如如果我回家晚了果我回家晚了, 我媽媽會(huì)罵我。我媽媽會(huì)罵我。 Youll catch it because of your carelessness. 你會(huì)因?yàn)槟愕牟恍⌒氖芴幜P的。你會(huì)因?yàn)槟愕牟恍⌒氖芴幜P的。7. It的一些習(xí)慣用法的一些習(xí)慣用法uHow is it with your st

11、udy? 學(xué)習(xí)好嗎？學(xué)習(xí)好嗎？uThats it. 這就對(duì)了。這就對(duì)了。uIt went hard with him. 他身遇不幸。他身遇不幸。uIt is all over with me. 我完蛋了。我完蛋了。uWe must fight it out. 我們必須堅(jiān)持到底。我們必須堅(jiān)持到底。uI cant help it. 我沒(méi)有辦法。我沒(méi)有辦法。I. 單項(xiàng)選擇單項(xiàng)選擇1. He didnt make _ clear when and where the meeting would be held. (天津天津) A. this B. that C. it D. these 2. _ is

12、 our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy. (浙江浙江)A. As B. That C. This D. It3. The doctor advised Vera strongly that she should take a holiday, but _ didnt help. (全國(guó)卷全國(guó)卷III)A. it B. she C. which D. he4. Id appreciate _ if you would like to teach me

13、 how to use the computer. (山東山東)A. thatB. it C. this D. youII. 單句改錯(cuò)單句改錯(cuò)下面的句子選自高考試題的改錯(cuò)部分，下面的句子選自高考試題的改錯(cuò)部分，用你的火眼金睛把錯(cuò)誤找出來(lái)吧！用你的火眼金睛把錯(cuò)誤找出來(lái)吧！1. You wont find difficult to get to the city center. (全國(guó)卷全國(guó)卷IV)2. I know there is not easy to be a teacher. (湖北湖北)3. This is not surprising that the Silver Ghost was regarded