1、1Chapter 15Review TechniquesSoftware Engineering: A Practitioners Approach, 7/e by Roger S. Pressman2What Are Reviews?Software reviews are a “filter” for the software process. Reviews are applied at various points during software engineering and serve to uncover errors and defects that can then be r

2、emoved.3Defect Amplification(缺陷擴散)A defect amplification model IBM81 can be used to illustrate the generation and detection of errors during the design and code generation actions of a software process. Errors passed throughAmplified errors 1:xNewly generated errorsDevelopment stepErrors fromPreviou

3、s stepErrors passed To next stepDefectsDetectionPercentEfficiency4Defect Amplification-ExampleLeft: without the reviews in the design process.Right: with the reviews in all steps. 5Cost Effectiveness of ReviewsEffort expended with and without reviewswith reviews6Formal Technical Reviews（1）評審以一種正式的形式

4、進行。如：有正式的、事先定義好的有關職責的各種角色，并遵循組織規(guī)定的標準流程。（2）對于任何工作產(chǎn)品的評審，都會組建與之對應的專門評審組，包括主持人、記錄員、評審員和開發(fā)者。（3）評審組先召開預備會，開發(fā)者先針對產(chǎn)品向大家做總體介紹，例如：講解本產(chǎn)品的目標、實現(xiàn)細節(jié)、開發(fā)標準等。（4）在預備會和正式評審會之間，評審組成員會對產(chǎn)品進行檢查，并依據(jù)相關標準和準則評審產(chǎn)品。（5）在預定時間，評審組成員以會議形式聚在一起，依次對產(chǎn)品進行檢查，主持人負責控制會議的進展，記錄員負責記錄整個評審過程。（6）在產(chǎn)品中發(fā)現(xiàn)的每一個缺陷都會被記錄下來，并被適當分類。7The Review Meetingrevie

5、wleaderproducerrecorderreviewerstandards bearer (SQA)maintenance oracleuser rep8Informal Reviews(非正式評審)Informal reviews include:a simple desk check of a software engineering work product with a colleaguea casual meeting(臨時會議) for the purpose of reviewing a work productpair programming encourages con

6、tinuous review as a work product (design or code) is created. The benefit is immediate discovery of errors and better work product quality as a consequence.9Review Reporting and RecordAt the end of the review meeting，a review issues list is produced. In addition, a formal review summary report is completed.The review issues list serves two purposes: 1) to identify problem areas within the product. 2) to serve as an action item checklist that guides the producer as corrections are made. The review summary report ans