1、2021年高考題和模擬題分項(xiàng)匯編專題03非謂語動詞和交際用語1 (2021 年全國乙卷語法填空). Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles: Minimize the impact of 67 (visit) the place.Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity. Activities there ran

2、ge from whale watching to hiking (遠(yuǎn)足)and accommodations aim 70 (have) a low impact on the natural environment.【答案】67. visiting 70. to have【解析】67.考查動名詞。句意：最大限度地減少拜訪這個地方的影響。根據(jù)空格前介詞。f可知，空格處應(yīng)填動名詞 形式來作介詞of的賓語。故填visiting。70.考查非謂語動詞。句意：那里的活動從觀鯨到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是對自然環(huán)境影響到達(dá)很小。固定 短語aim to do譯為“旨在，目的是“。故填to have。2 (2

3、021年全國甲卷語法填空).It is possible 43 (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.We accessed the wall through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people moving inside and outside the City Wall.After 44 (spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the

4、 wall, we decided it was time for some action and what better than to ride on a piece of history!【答案】43. to walk 44. spending【解析】考查動詞不定式。句意：在觀察了城墻上所有的防御設(shè)備后，我們決定是時候采取行動了，還有什么比騎 在歷史上更好的呢。分析句子可知，此處為句型“it+be+adj+todosth.，it為形式主語，動詞walk的不定 式短語作真正主語。故填to walk?？疾閯用~。句意：在花了一些時間查看了城墻上所有的防御設(shè)備之后，我們決定是時候采取一些行動了

5、,還有什么比騎在歷史上更好的呢。分析句子可知，此處After為介詞，故spend應(yīng)用其動名詞形式作介詞賓 語。故填 spending。3 （2021 年全國甲卷短文改錯）Their answers also show that they dislike talk to others【答案】talktalking【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：他們的答案也說明他們不喜歡和其他人說。固定短語dislike doing sth., 意為“不喜歡做某事，doing為動名詞作賓語。故talk改為talking。（2021 年:折江卷語法填空）Although Mary loved flowers, nei

6、ther she nor her husband was known as a gardener. A long- time neighbor said they never planted trees and only kept a garden for one year. Marys sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over 43（plant） flowers in the front yard.【答案】to plant【解析】考查動詞不定式。句意：瑪麗的妹妹弗朗西絲托德華萊士經(jīng)常來前院種花。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處作狀語；根據(jù)句意可知，此

7、處是目的狀語；目的狀語用動詞不定式表示；提示詞plant的不定式形式 為 to planto 故填 to planto（2021 年 1 月適應(yīng)性天津卷）Chinas National Highway 318,over 5,000 kilometers from Shanghai toZhangmu, Tibet, is known as the heavenly road for its amazing views.A. to extend B. extended C. extending D. being extended【答案】C【解析】 考查非謂語動詞。句意：中國的國道318號，從上海

8、到西藏樟木，延伸出5000多公里，因?yàn)樗牧钊速潎@ 的景觀，被熟知為“天堂之路”。分析句子成分可知，is known as是整個句子的謂語動詞，所以空格處應(yīng)填非 謂語動詞，extend與主語Chinas National Highway 318之間的關(guān)系為主動，所以用extending。應(yīng)選C。（2021 年 1 月適應(yīng)性天津卷）一Are you done with the book I gave you?. Im still reading the last chapter.A. Hard to say B. Not quiteC. Of courseD. It all depends【答案

9、】B【解析】考查情景交際。句意：我給你的那本書你看完了嗎？還沒完全看完。我還在看最后一章。A. Hard to say很難說；B. Not quite不完全，未必；C. Of course當(dāng)然;D. It all depends要看情況而定。根 據(jù)后文“Im still reading the last chapter.”可知書還沒完全看完，not quite符合語境。應(yīng)選B。（2021 年 1 月適應(yīng)性天津卷）-How,s the project going?.All we have to do is finish the last bit of work.A. Easy come easy

10、 goB. Far from itC. By all meansD. So far so good【答案】D【解析】考查情景交際。句意： 這個工程進(jìn)展的如何？到目前為止，一直都還不錯。我們要做的 就是完成最后一項(xiàng)工作。A.Easy come easy go來得容易去得也快；B.Far from it遠(yuǎn)非如此；C.By all means盡 一切方法，務(wù)必；D.So far so good到目前為止，一直都還不錯。根據(jù)下半句可知，目前進(jìn)展還不錯。應(yīng)選Do2021年高考模擬卷1. (2021 山西高三模擬語法填空)The history of Chinese characters dates ba

11、ck to ancient times, with a history of at least several thousand years. It is agreed that hanzi began as simple pictures, images that the ancient Chinese people drew, painted, and carved 42. (describe) nature and their lives.【答案】to describe【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意見上一題。句子謂語動詞為began,所以動詞describe要以非謂語的形式出 現(xiàn)。根據(jù)句意

12、可知，此處表達(dá)“用來描述自然和他們的生活的圖像“，所以用不定式表目的。故填todescribe。 2. (2021-內(nèi)蒙高三二模短文改錯)Im glad to have received your letter say that you are interested in China.【答案】say改為saying【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：我很高興收到你的來信，說你對中國感興趣。前句已有動詞have received, 所以只能作后置定語。名詞your letter與say之間為主動關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作定語。故將say改為sayingo 3. (2021 河南高三模擬語法填空)Right

13、 from the beginning, our aim was (1) (offer) Games that would have an impact and the element of surprise. This is why we have chosen these four sports to present to the International Olympic Committee. We are certain that they will contribute to (2) (improve) our project. Estanguet added.【答案】(1) to

14、offer (2) improving【解析】(1)考查非謂語動詞。句意：從一開始，我們的目標(biāo)就是提供一屆有影響力和驚喜的奧運(yùn)會。分 析句子該空所給詞offer是動詞，在句中作表語解釋主語aim,應(yīng)使用動詞不定式。故填to offer。(2)考查非謂語動詞。句意：我們相信他們將有助于改進(jìn)我們的工程。根據(jù)空前的contribute to, to為介詞，所 以應(yīng)使用所給詞improve的動名詞形式作賓語。故填improving。(2021 四川.高三模擬語法填空)The finless porpoise and the Baiji dolphin (Yangtze River dolphin),

15、both members of the cetacea family and the only two aquatic mammals (水棲哺乳動物)in the river, were officially considered as critically endangered and placed on the red list of the (1) (threaten) species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature in 2013.Among the very few porpoise species, th

16、e Yangtze finless porpoise is the only one (2) (live) in freshwater, according to Zhang Xianfeng, an aquatic wildlife researcher at the Institute of Hydrobiology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.【答案】(1) threatenedto live 【解析】(1)考查非謂語動詞。句意：無鰭江豚和白鰭豚(長江江豚)都是鯨目動物家族的成員，也是長 江中僅有的兩種水生哺乳動物，被國際自然保護(hù)聯(lián)盟正式認(rèn)定為“

17、極度瀕危物種”，并于2013年列入瀕危物 種紅色名錄。分析可知，所填空應(yīng)是空后名詞“species(物種廠的定語，應(yīng)用非謂語作定語，動詞“threaten(威 脅戶與其之間為被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)是過去分詞形式。故填threatened。(2)考查非謂語動詞。句意：中國科學(xué)院水生生物研究所水生野生動物研究員張先鋒介紹，在為數(shù)不多的 江豚物種中，揚(yáng)子江江豚是唯 種生活在淡水中的江豚。分析可知，“_ (live) in freshwater”為之前不定 代詞“one”的后置定語，由the only修飾的名詞或不定代詞常用不定式作定語。故填to live。(2021 廣西高三月考短文改錯)Im looking

18、 forward to see you soon.【答案】see改為seeing【解析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：我期待著很快見到你。結(jié)合句意表示“期待做某事”可知短語為look forward to doing sth.o 故 see 改為 seeingo(2021 .河南高三模擬語法填空)That means scientists (1) (study) the material could learn more about the evolution of the moon.Although Change 5 was a short mission, ifs one of the most

19、complex projects (2) (undertake) by the Chinese space program so far. The country is far from done with the moon Chang e 6, a second lunar sample return, is ready to launch in 2023 or 2024.【答案】(1) studying (2) undertaken【解析】(1)考查非謂語動詞。句意：這意味著研究這種物質(zhì)的科學(xué)家可以了解更多關(guān)于月球演化的信息、。 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，study在句中應(yīng)用非謂語動詞形式，與邏輯

20、主語scientists構(gòu)成主動關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分 詞作定語。故填studying。(2)考查非謂語動詞。句意：雖然嫦娥五號的任務(wù)很短，但它是迄今為止中國太空計(jì)劃中最復(fù)雜的工程之一。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，undertake在句中應(yīng)用非謂語動詞形式，與邏輯主語projects構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用 過去分詞作定語。故填undertaken。(2021 河南高三三模語法填空). Temperatures begin to rise and rainfall increases, (1) (make) it acrucial time for plowing and sowing in the sprin

21、g. It is a fine time (2) (appreciate) the beauty of nature.【答案】(1) makingto appreciate【解析】(1)考查非謂語動詞。句意：氣溫開始回升，降雨量也隨之增加，使得它成為春天播種的關(guān)鍵時節(jié)。 分析句子可知，make用非謂語動詞形式作狀語，根據(jù)句意，表示理所當(dāng)然的結(jié)果用現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語， 故填 making o(2)考查不定式。句意：正是欣賞自然風(fēng)光的大好時節(jié)。time后接不式作定語，故填。to appreciate(2021 廣西高三月考語法填空)By the way, you can also put each

22、 and C4every together in the same sentence (show) you have a strong opinion. Like this: “I want each and every one of you to know we believe you can be good English speakers!”【答案】to show【解析】(2021 河南高三模擬)Beijing Opera, (1) (know) as Chinas national opera, also called Peking Opera, which originated in

23、 the late 18th century, is a combination of music, dance, art and acrobatics (雜技). It is the most influential andAnhui Opera was easy (2) (move) and good at absorbing the acting styles of other types of operas. Beijing accumulated many local operas, (make) Anhui Opera improve quickly.【答案】(l)known(2) to move (3)making【解析】 考查過去分詞。句意：Beijing Opera (京劇)，被譽(yù)為中國國劇，又稱Peking Opera,起源于18 世紀(jì)末，是集音樂、舞蹈、藝術(shù)和雜技于一體的綜合性劇目。分析句子可知，