1、 2022年四川建筑職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院自考英語（二）練習(xí)題匯總（附答案解析）第1題【單選題】【2009.04】Dont trust everything _ you have read in the newspapers. A、which B、that C、as D、what【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查定語從句。譯文：不要相信你在報紙上讀到的每件事。定語從句所修飾的先行詞是不定代詞everything，故選B。第2題【單選題】【2009.04】It is not decided _ the conference will be held. A、what B、which C、when D、tha

2、t【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查主語從句的引導(dǎo)詞的選擇。譯文：大會什么時候召開還沒有決定。詳細(xì)解答：A 什么；B 哪一個；C 什么時候；D （無詞義）。第3題【單選題】【2007.04】Jenny complained that the hospital _ her too much for the treatment. A、expended B、paid C、cost D、charged【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查詞義辨析。charge：要價；索價；要人支付；收費(fèi)。例如：The fruit seller charged me too much money.這個水果商要了我很多的錢。

3、 第4題【單選題】【2009.01】I was writing a report last night;_I would not have stayed up late. A、however B、otherwise C、therefore D、furthermore【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我昨天晚上寫一個報告，否則我就不會熬夜了。A 然而，不過；B 否則，要不然；C 因此，所以；D 再者，而且。 第5題【單選題】【完成句子】The average lightning strike is more than 3 miles long and can travel a

4、t a tenth of the speed of light. Ball lightning, the rarest and most mysterious form, derives its name from the small luminous ball that appears near the impact point, moves horizontally, and lasts for several seconds.One form of lightning that _ is ball lightning. A、occurs most infrequently B、is sh

5、ifted sideways by strong winds C、is often hidden from our view D、is estimated at 20 millions a year【正確答案】A【答案解析】本段文字與題目相關(guān)的句子是：Ball lightning, the rarest and most mysterious form, derives its name from the small luminous ball，關(guān)鍵詞是rarest（rare的最高級形式）與infrequently“很少發(fā)生，少有”表達(dá)相同的意思。第6題【單選題】【概括大意】They alwa

6、ys complained（抱怨） more or less justly, that their parents are out of touch with modern ways. They also blamed that their parents always have a final say. And the young felt that their parents do not trust their children to deal with crises. Besides, they dissatisfied too much murmurs of their parent

7、s about certain problems and the lack of sense of humor in dealing with the problems, at least in parents-children relationships.The main idea of this paragraph is_. A、The criticisms to their parents can be kept out of the young peoples mind in following ways. B、It is natural for young people to be

8、critical of their parents at times and to blame them for most of the misunderstanding between them. C、There are so many criticism to their parents among the young people. D、Young people have gotten enough reasons to criticize their parents.【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題段落中的各句列舉了年輕人都抱怨其父母些什么，談的是what are the critici

9、sms?的問題因此選擇C。第7題【單選題】【完成句子】Most of the classics of science fiction, however, have been written within the last hundred years. Books by writers such as Jules Verne and H.G. Wells, to mention just two well-known authors, have been translated into many languages.Book written by J. Verne are_. A、science

10、 fictions with a recurrent theme B、concerned with the problems that we have to solve in the future C、read worldwide D、political implications【正確答案】C【答案解析】這段文字講到J. Verne是一位有名的作家，所寫的書已經(jīng)譯成了許多種語言，因此C選項是正確答案。第8題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】On the other hand, more people working for longer would create greater competition f

11、or jobs. It would make it more difficult for younger people to find a job. Top posts would be dominated by the same few individuals, making career progress more difficult. And how easily would a 25-year-old employee be able to communicate with a 125-year-old boss?All of the following are possible ef

12、fects living longer might have on working life EXCEPT_. A、Communication between employers and employees would be more difficult. B、More money would be used by employees in payment of their employees. C、The job market would be more competitive. D、It would be more difficult for young people to be prom

13、oted to top positions.【正確答案】B【答案解析】是非判斷題。對照原文第九自然段On the other hand, more people working for longer would create greater competition for jobs.排除選項C；It would make it more difficult for younger people to find a job.排除選項D；And how easily would a 25-year-old employee be able to communicate with a 125-yea

14、r-old boss?排除選項A；答案是B。第9題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】Despite other explanations, the real answer in my opinion lies partly in the child himself, partly in the behavior of the people around him. Q: The reason why children learn their mother tongue so well lies solely in their environment of learning. A、True B、False C

15、、Not Given【正確答案】B【答案解析】答案選B。原文說的是兒童之所以能夠完全掌握母語部分原因在于兒童自身，部分原因在于孩子周圍人們的行為。問題句說“兒童母語學(xué)得好的原因只是因為他們的學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境?！贝颂巗olely的表述是錯誤的。第10題【單選題】【2010.04】The spokesman occasionally _ his speech with gestures. A、acknowledges B、accompanies C、attributes D、anticipates【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查詞匯?！咀g文】這位發(fā)言人講演中偶爾伴有手勢。第11題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】O

16、n the other hand, more people working for longer would create greater competition for jobs. It would make it more difficult for younger people to find a job. Top posts would be dominated by the same few individuals, making career progress more difficult. And how easily would a 25-year-old employee b

17、e able to communicate with a 125-year-old boss?All of the following are possible effects living longer might have on working life EXCEPT_. A、Communication between employers and employees would be more difficult. B、More money would be used by employees in payment of their employees. C、The job market

18、would be more competitive. D、It would be more difficult for young people to be promoted to top positions.【正確答案】B【答案解析】是非判斷題。對照原文第九自然段On the other hand, more people working for longer would create greater competition for jobs.排除選項C；It would make it more difficult for younger people to find a job.排除選項

19、D；And how easily would a 25-year-old employee be able to communicate with a 125-year-old boss?排除選項A；答案是B。第12題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】There is a difference between science and technology. _. Science has to do with discovering the facts and relationships between observable phenomena in nature and with establishing

20、 theories that serve to organize these facts and relationships; technology has to do with tools, techniques, and procedures for applying the findings of science. A、Another distinction between science and technology has to do with the progress in each. B、We are all familiar with the improper use of t

21、echnology. C、Unlike science, progress in technology must be measured in terms of the human factor. D、Science is a method of answering theoretical questions; technology is a method of solving practical problems.【正確答案】D【答案解析】第一句總述了科學(xué)和技術(shù)是有差別的。缺空后是對兩者的分述，因此缺空處也應(yīng)是對兩者的分述，故選D。第13題【單選題】_ fine day it is toda

22、y! Yes, the sunshine is _ beautiful that Id like to go swimming in the sea. A、How, such B、What a, very C、How, so D、What a, so【正確答案】D【答案解析】考查感嘆句和“sothat”的用法。第14題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】Finally, though a childs teachers may not have been trained in language teaching, their relations with him are always close and p

23、ersonal. They take great pains to make their lessons easy.Q: So far as language teaching is concerned, the teachers close personal relationship with the student is more important than the professional language teaching training he has received. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。文章講雖然兒童習(xí)得母語

24、的“教師”可能沒有受過專門的語言教學(xué)的訓(xùn)練，但與他的關(guān)系卻是親密的、個人化的。但是作者并沒有提到在語言學(xué)習(xí)中，教師與學(xué)生密切的個人關(guān)系比教師接受專門的語言教學(xué)訓(xùn)練更重要。第15題【單選題】【2009.10】The profit-sharing plan is designed to _ the staff to work hard. A、calculate B、demonstrate C、speculate D、motivate【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查詞語辨析?！咀g文】利潤共享計劃目的是激發(fā)員工努力工作。A 計算、估算 B 證實、論證、演示 C思索、推測 D 激勵、激發(fā)第16題【單選

25、題】【2010.04】By the end of next year the bridge _ . A、is to complete B、has been completed C、will be completed D、will have been completed【正確答案】D【答案解析】【譯文】 到明年年底之前，這座橋修建將完成。【試題分析】本題考查語法?！驹敿?xì)解答】動詞時態(tài)。by the end of到時為止；在之前。將來完成時態(tài)，用于表達(dá)在將來某時間以前已經(jīng)完成的動作。第17題【單選題】【完成句子】Most of the classics of science fiction, ho

26、wever, have been written within the last hundred years. Books by writers such as Jules Verne and H.G. Wells, to mention just two well-known authors, have been translated into many languages.Book written by J. Verne are_. A、science fictions with a recurrent theme B、concerned with the problems that we

27、 have to solve in the future C、read worldwide D、political implications【正確答案】C【答案解析】這段文字講到J. Verne是一位有名的作家，所寫的書已經(jīng)譯成了許多種語言，因此C選項是正確答案。第18題【單選題】How _ you like to do that? A、would B、could C、should D、might【正確答案】A【答案解析】would like to do固定搭配，想要做某事/愿意做某事。答案選A。第19題【單選題】【概括大意】The Second World War is perhaps th

28、e most catastrophic （災(zāi)難性的） event that mankind has ever suffered. The war affected 80 per cent of the worlds people at that time, from 61 countries, and claimed 55 million lives.The main idea of this paragraph is_. A、Gloomy World B、Worlds Worst Disaster C、The Origin of The Second World War D、The Time

29、 of The Second World War【正確答案】B【答案解析】disaster 是catastrophic （災(zāi)難性的） event的另一種表達(dá)。第20題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】War may be a natural expression of biological instinct and drives toward aggression in the human species. Natural impulses of anger, hostility, and territoriality (守衛(wèi)地盤的天性) are expressed through acts of vio

30、lence. These are all qualities that humans share with animals. Aggression is a kind of innate (天生的) survival mechanism, an instinct for self-preservation, that allows animals to defend themselves from threats to their existence. But, on the other hand, human violence shows evidence of being a learne

31、d behavior. In the case of human aggression, violence can not be simply reduced to an instinct. The many expressions of human violence are always conditioned by social conventions that give shape to aggressive behavior. In human societies violence has a social function: It is a strategy for creating

32、 or destroying forms of social order. Religious traditions have taken a leading role in directing the powers of violence. We will look at the ritual and ethical (道德上的) patterns within which human violence has been directed. Human violence shows evidence of being a learned behavior in that _. A、it th

33、reatens the existing social systems B、it is influenced by society C、it has roots in religious conflicts D、it is directed against institutions of law【正確答案】B【答案解析】本段指出了人類暴力的兩個特性，其中第二個特性是“a learned behavior”?？梢灾辣绢}的答案應(yīng)該就在本段的后面部分。接下來的第二句話即說人類暴力的諸多表現(xiàn)形式都受社會習(xí)慣的制約：The many expressions of human violence are

34、always conditioned by social conventions that give shape to aggressive behavior，將其定型為侵略性行為。第21題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Good news for chocoholics：the treat preferred by millions all over the world is good for you, according to American researchers at the University of CaliforniaChocolate contains substances calle

35、d flavonoids(類黃酮) that can help maintain a healthy heart and good circulationThe researchers have discovered that cocoa acts like aspirin and that eating a bar of chocolate has also been shown to release endorphins in the body：these chemicals help to reduce pain and stress and make you feel happy.Wh

36、y is chocolate good for heart and circulation? A、It reduces pain and stress B、It contains substances called flavonoids C、It releases endorphins in human body D、It acts like aspirin to protect heart【正確答案】B【答案解析】因果關(guān)系詞信號詞。凡是注釋中文的地方可能是答案區(qū)域。第22題【單選題】Because of the bad weather, the sports meet had to be _

37、. A、shut down B、done away C、gone off D、called off【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查詞組辨析。call off：取消，符合句意。shut down：關(guān)閉（工廠）；（工廠）停工，關(guān)閉。do away常與with搭配，構(gòu)成do away with。go off：爆炸，（鬧鈴）響。 第23題【單選題】【2010.04】We should _ this in mind: Dont judge a person by his appearance. A、bear B、put C、place D、print【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查詞匯題?！咀g文】

38、我們應(yīng)當(dāng)牢牢記住：不要以貌取人。詳細(xì)解答】牢記在心：bear in mind 或者keep in mind第24題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Many researchers，whose work depends on ocean sounds object to a limit of one-hundred-twenty decibels（分貝）. They say such a limit is a greater danger than they believed. They want to prevent noises from harming creatures in the ocean.

39、According to the passage, what will scientists most probably do in the future? A、They will work hard to reduce ocean noise pollution. B、They will protect animals from harmful noises. C、They will try to set a limit of 120 decibels. D、They will study the effect of ocean noise pollution.【正確答案】B【答案解析】Th

40、ey will protect animals from harmful noises. 本段的最后一句話是答案的出處。第25題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】The people of Kiribati are afraid that one day in the not-too-distant future, their country will disappear from the face of the earth - literally. Several times this year, the Pacific island nation has been flooded by a sudde

41、n high tide.Q: The people of Kiribati worry that one day their country will be taken away by a sudden high tide. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。該題目說的是：Kiribati的人民擔(dān)心他們的國家將被突發(fā)的洪水淹沒。該題源于第一句：Kiribati的國民擔(dān)心在近期的某一天，他們的國家將會地球上面消失by a sudden high tide。第26題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】Many beginning interviewers a

42、re afraid that they are forcing the other person to answer questions and have no right to inquire about his personal secrets. _. Unless the person really hates being interviewed, he is delighted that somebody wants to interview him. A、This fear is almost 100 percent unnecessary. B、This doesnt necess

43、arily mean that it will go well. C、Most men and women lead lives that are uninteresting. D、Both of you need time to get to know each other.【正確答案】A【答案解析】抓住關(guān)鍵詞進(jìn)行同義替換，也就是afraid，選項中this fear就是對這種擔(dān)心的補(bǔ)充，這種擔(dān)心是完全沒有必要的，除非被采訪者確實是討厭別人問自己。第27題【單選題】【2009.01】He insured his car_he had an accident. A、unless B、if C、

44、since D、in case【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查連詞詞義區(qū)分。句意：他給自己的汽車投了保，以防萬一遇到交通事故。A否則，要不然；B 如果；C 自從，由于；D 以防萬一，以免。 第28題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】The smoke that comes from a lit cigarette contains many different poisonous chemicals. In the past, scientists did not think that these chemicals could harm a nonsmokers health. _. They dis

45、covered that even nonsmokers had unhealthy amounts of these toxic （有毒的） chemicals in their bodies. A、The Gilsons have been married for 35 years. B、Recently, though, scientists changed their opinion after they studied a large group of nonsmokers. C、We cannot avoid secondhand smoke in restaurants. D、I

46、n the United States, nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker.【正確答案】B【答案解析】前一句講的是科學(xué)家們過去對二手煙的看法，接下來應(yīng)選表示他們改變觀點(diǎn)的句子，因為下一句表明他們所持的觀點(diǎn)已與過去截然不同。第29題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】But even if every large city purified and reused its water, we still would not have enough. Where could we t

47、urn next? To the oceans! All wed have to do to make use of the vast amount of sea-water is remove the salt. This salt-removing process is already in use in many parts of the world.According to the passage, sea-water can be turned into fresh water by_ A、heating it up. B、treating it with chemicals. C、

48、taking salt out of it. D、drying it up.【正確答案】C【答案解析】海水之所以不能飲用就是因為它是咸的。答題依據(jù)是本段的remove the salt即take salt out。第30題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Good news for chocoholics：the treat preferred by millions all over the world is good for you, according to American researchers at the University of CaliforniaChocolate contains

49、substances called flavonoids(類黃酮) that can help maintain a healthy heart and good circulationThe researchers have discovered that cocoa acts like aspirin and that eating a bar of chocolate has also been shown to release endorphins in the body：these chemicals help to reduce pain and stress and make y

50、ou feel happy.Why is chocolate good for heart and circulation? A、It reduces pain and stress B、It contains substances called flavonoids C、It releases endorphins in human body D、It acts like aspirin to protect heart【正確答案】B【答案解析】因果關(guān)系詞信號詞。凡是注釋中文的地方可能是答案區(qū)域。第31題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】Technology is a beauty. We eagerl

51、y adopt its pleasure, preferring to cope with the drawbacks on the morning after.Q: Technology is like an art, which everybody including scientists loves. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。這段提到了technology是一種美的享受，但是沒有說它是一種藝術(shù)，更沒有說我們每個人都熱愛這門藝術(shù)。第32題【單選題】【2010.04】We should _ this in mind: Dont

52、judge a person by his appearance. A、bear B、put C、place D、print【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查詞匯題?！咀g文】 我們應(yīng)當(dāng)牢牢記?。翰灰悦踩∪?。詳細(xì)解答】牢記在心：bear in mind 或者keep in mind第33題【單選題】【2010.04】We have greatly _ the procedure according to the chairmans suggestion. A、stimulated B、perceived C、obscured D、simplified【正確答案】D【答案解析】【譯文】 按照主席

53、的提議我們已經(jīng)大大地簡化了步驟?！驹囶}分析】本題考查詞義辨析?！驹敿?xì)解答】 動詞的詞義選取。第34題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】When I graduated from high school, my family had a business so I never thought about getting a college degree. I went straight from my high school graduation to work for my father. After 24 years of ups and downs（mostly downs）, I decided t

54、hat I wanted to return to school and earn a degree in Business Administration.Why didnt the author go on with education after graduating from high school? A、To help her father with business. B、To escape from school life. C、To experience social life early. D、To achieve her dream.【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。事實細(xì)

55、節(jié)題。該題目主要考查考生對文章主人公相關(guān)細(xì)節(jié)的了解。根據(jù)題干內(nèi)容，此細(xì)節(jié)定位于文章本段講述自己高中畢業(yè)后經(jīng)歷的部分。文中講到“當(dāng)我高中畢業(yè)時，爸爸正在做生意。所以我壓根沒有考慮過繼續(xù)獲得大學(xué)學(xué)位的事情，畢業(yè)后直接轉(zhuǎn)向為爸爸工作”。可判斷A選項與原文句意一致。第35題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】And yet although the Mayas knew about the wheel, they never used it. Neither did they use metals other than copper. What is ever more surprising is that the

56、y suddenly abandoned(拋棄) many of the cities and built new ones in the jungle. Some time around AD900, Mayan civilization collapsed. By the year 1200, their last great capital, Chichen Itza, was deserted.One of the most surprising findings about Mayas was that _. A、they developed accurate system meas

57、uring time. B、they knew how to build pyramids with stones. C、they deserted their cities and moved to new ones. D、they built cities which they never lived in.【正確答案】C【答案解析】對應(yīng)點(diǎn)為What is ever more surprising is that they suddenly abandoned many of the cities and built new ones in the jungle.是對原文語意進(jìn)行了轉(zhuǎn)化，最

58、高級代替了比較級。第36題【單選題】【2008.10】It took a few seconds for her eyes to _ to the darkness. A、allocate B、adopt C、apply D、adjust【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查動詞詞義辨析?！咀g文】她花了幾秒鐘時間使眼睛適應(yīng)黑暗?！驹敿?xì)解答】A 分配，撥出 B 收養(yǎng)，過繼 C 應(yīng)用，申請 D 調(diào)整，使適合第37題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Organisms have a great variety of ways of adapting. They may adapt in their structur

59、e, function and genetics, in their development and production of the young and in other respects. An organism may create its own environment, as do warm-blooded mammals, which have the ability to adjust body heat exactly to maintain their ideal temperature despite changing weather. Usually adaptatio

60、ns are an advantage, but sometimes an organism is so well adapted to a particular environment that, if conditions change, it finds it difficult or impossible to readapt to the new conditions.The author cites the behavior of warm-blooded mammals in order to show that a living thing may have the abili