1、英美文學(xué)名詞解釋1. Allegory: A tale in verse or prose in which characters, actions, or settings represent abstract ideas or moral qualities. An allegory is a story with two meanings, a literal meaning and a symbolic meaning.寓言：用詩歌或散文講的故事，在這個(gè)故事 中人物、事件或背景往往代表抽象的概念或道 德品質(zhì)。所有的寓言都是一個(gè)具有雙重意義、 文學(xué)內(nèi)涵或象征意義的故事。Allegory

2、（寓言）A tale in verse or prose in which characters, actions, or settings represent abstract ideas or moral qualities.寓言，諷喻:一種文學(xué)、戲劇或繪畫的藝術(shù)手法，其 中人物和事件代表抽象的觀點(diǎn)、原那么或支配 man s societies a source of corruption. Romantic values were prominent in American politics, art, and philosophy until the Civil War. The ro

3、mantic exaltation of the individual suited the nation srevolutionary heritage and its frontier egalitarianism.美國浪漫主義：浪漫主義階段涵蓋了 19世紀(jì)前 半頁。美國的不斷壯大和開展以及隨之而來的明 珠和平等的思想、工業(yè)化的開展、西北邊疆的不 斷擴(kuò)展和國外的各種影響使浪漫主義作家文學(xué) 不但成為一種可能，而且使它成為美國政治獨(dú)立 后的一種必然。然而，浪漫主義文學(xué)往往有很多 共性：他們熱心于道德、相信個(gè)人主義價(jià)值觀和 對(duì)世界的直觀感受，并且他們認(rèn)為自然世界是真、 善、美的源泉而人類社會(huì)那么

4、是墮落的根源。在內(nèi) 戰(zhàn)以前，浪漫主義價(jià)值觀占據(jù)是政治、藝術(shù)、和 哲學(xué)等領(lǐng)域，浪漫主義者對(duì)個(gè)人的贊揚(yáng)正好迎合 了美國的革命遺風(fēng)和邊疆開拓者的品均主義。American Transcendentalism: the emergence of the Transcendental!sts as an identifiable movement took place during the late 1820s and 1830s, but the roots of their religious philosophy extended much farther back into American r

5、eligious history.Transcendentalism and evangelical Protestantism followed separate evolutionary branches from American Puritanism, taking as their common ancestor the Calvinism of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. They spoke for cultural rejuvenation and against the materialism of American s

6、pirit, or the Oversoul, as the most important thing in the Universe. They stressed the importance of the individual. To them, the individual was the most important element of society. They offered a fresh perception of nature as symbolic of the Spirit or God. Nature was, to them, alive, filled with

7、God s overwhelming presence. Transcendentalism is based on the belief that the most fundamental truths about life and death can be reached only by going beyond the world of the senses. Emerson s Nature has been called the aManifesto of American Transcendentalism and his The American Scholar has been

8、 rightly regarded asAmerica s Declaration of Intellectual Independence”.美國超驗(yàn)主義：美國超驗(yàn)主義出現(xiàn)的19世紀(jì)20 年代末期到三十年代，但是它的根源在宗教史上 要遠(yuǎn)得多。超驗(yàn)主義和福音派新教分別是美國清 教主義的兩個(gè)分支，他們的祖先是17世紀(jì)和18 世紀(jì)的加爾文神教。超驗(yàn)主義者主張文化的復(fù)興, 認(rèn)為“超靈”是宇宙中最重要的事物。他們強(qiáng)調(diào) 個(gè)人的重要性，反對(duì)精神上的物質(zhì)主義。對(duì)他們 來說，個(gè)人是一個(gè)社會(huì)最重要的元素。他們認(rèn)為 自然就是“精神”或“上帝”的象征，它是有生 命的，而上帝又無處不在。他們認(rèn)為生與死最基 本的真理可

9、以超越感官的世界而獲得。艾默生的 自然被稱為是“美國超驗(yàn)主義的宣言”，他 的美國學(xué)者那么被認(rèn)為是美國的“文化獨(dú)立宣 言書”。Analogy: (a figure of speech) A comparison made between tow things to show the similarities between them. Analogies are often used for illustration or for argument.類比：(修辭)把兩種事物放在一起進(jìn)行比照從 而發(fā)現(xiàn)他們的相同點(diǎn)，類比一般用于說明或論述。Anapest: It s made up of two u

10、nstressed and one stressed syllables, with the two unstressed ones in front.抑抑揚(yáng)格：抑抑揚(yáng)格由兩個(gè)非重度音節(jié)和一個(gè)重 讀音節(jié)組成，兩個(gè)非重度音節(jié)在前。Antagonist: A person or force opposing the protagonist in a narrative; a rival of the hero or heroine.反面人物：一個(gè)故事中和主人公相對(duì)立的人物或 一種力量，是男女主人公的對(duì)手。Antithesis: (a figure of speech) The balancing

11、of two contrasting ideas, words phrases, or sentences. An antithesis is often expressed in a balanced sentence, that is, a sentence in which identical or similar grammatical structure is used to express contrasting ideas.對(duì)偶：(修辭)相互對(duì)稱的兩個(gè)短語、句子或思 想。對(duì)偶往往用一個(gè)對(duì)稱的句子來表達(dá)，也就是, 一句話中使用相同或相似的語法結(jié)構(gòu)來表達(dá)相 互對(duì)照的兩種事物。Apho

12、rism: A concise, pointed statement expressing a wise or clever observation about life.警句：用一種簡練、準(zhǔn)確的方式來表達(dá)對(duì)生活充 滿智慧的觀點(diǎn)。Apostrophe: A figure of speech in which an absent or a dead person, an abstract quality, or something nonhuman is addressed directly.頓呼：演說或詩歌等中對(duì)某人，常為死者或不在 場者，或?qū)M人的事物所說的話。Argument: A for

13、m of discourse in which reason is used to influence or change people s idea or actions. Writers practice argument most often when writing nonfiction, particularly essays or speeches.議論：用講道理的方法來影響人們的思想或行動(dòng) 的一種文本形式。作家往往是在寫非小說文體, 尤其是散文或演講的時(shí)候用這種方法。Aside: In drama, lines spoken by a character in an undert

14、one or directly to the audience. An aside is meant to be unheard by the other characters onstage.旁白：在戲劇中低聲說出或直接說給觀眾的臺(tái)詞。 旁白在舞臺(tái)上其他人物是聽不到的。Assonance: The repetition of similar vowel sounds, especially in poetry.Assonance is often employed to please the ear or emphasize certain sounds.類韻：在詩歌中相同或相似元音的重復(fù)，

15、它的目 的主要是用來使句子悅耳動(dòng)聽或用來強(qiáng)調(diào)某個(gè)日。Atmosphere: The prevailing mood or feeling of a literary work. Atmosphere is often developed, at least in part, through descriptions of setting. Such descriptions help to create an emotional climate for the writers to establish the reader s expectations and attitudes.氣氛：文學(xué)作

16、品中主要的基調(diào)或感覺。氣氛的渲 染主要是通過對(duì)環(huán)境的描寫來展開的，這種描寫 有助于作家創(chuàng)造一種情緒氣氛來時(shí)感染讀者Autobiography: A person s account of his or her own life. An autobiography is generally written in narrative form and includes some introspection.自傳：一個(gè)人對(duì)他或她自己生活的描述，自傳是 一種表達(dá)性的文體，多包含回憶性的描寫。Ballad: A story told in verse and usually meant to be su

17、ng. In many countries, the folk ballad was one of the earliest forms of literature. Folk ballads have no known authors. They were transmitted orally from generation to generation and were not set down in writing until centuries after they were first sung. The subject matter of folk ballads stems fro

18、m the everyday life of the common people. Devices commonly used in ballads are the refrain, incremental repetition, and code language. A later formAlliteration: The repetition of the initial consonant sounds in poetry.頭韻：詩歌中單詞開頭讀音的重復(fù)。Alliteration （頭韻）Alliteration is the repetition of the same initia

19、l consonant sound within a line or a group of words. 頭韻:在一組詞的開頭或重讀音節(jié)中對(duì)相同輔音 或不同元音的重復(fù)。Allusion: A reference to a person, a place, an event, or a literary work that a writer expects the reader to recognize and respond to. An allusion may be drawn from history, geography, literature, or religion.of ball

20、ad is the literary ballad, which imitates the style of the folk ballad.民謠：民謠是一種做詩配唱的故事。在很多國家， 民謠是最早的文學(xué)形式之一，都是無名作家所寫, 它們從開始傳唱到真正寫下來要在口頭流傳好 幾代人。民謠中所采用的手法多為疊句、重復(fù)和 暗語。后來民謠就變成了有文字的歌謠，其風(fēng)格 模仿民間歌謠。Ballad stanza: A type of four-line stanza. The first and third lines have four stressed words or syllables; the

21、 second and fourth lines have three stresses. Ballad meter is usually iambic. The number of unstressed syllables in each line may vary. The second and fourth lines rhyme.民謠體詩節(jié)：一種四行詩節(jié)，第一、三行由四個(gè) 重讀單詞或音節(jié)組成，二、四行由三個(gè)重音組成。 民謠的韻腳往往采用抑揚(yáng)格的形式，每一行中非 重度音節(jié)的數(shù)目不等，二、四行押韻。Biography: A detailed account of a person s li

22、fe written by another person.Blank verse: Verse written in unrhymed iambic pentameter.素體詩：用五音步抑揚(yáng)格寫的無韻詩。Caesura: A break or pause in a line of poetry.休止：一行詩中的間斷或停頓。Canto: A section or division of a long poem.詩章：長詩的一局部。Caricature: The use of exaggeration or distortion to make a figure appear comic or

23、ridiculous. A physical characteristic, an eccentricity, a personality trait, or an act may be exaggerated.漫畫：用夸張或扭曲的手法來描寫一個(gè)人物的外 貌特征、怪癖、個(gè)性或某個(gè)動(dòng)作來產(chǎn)生滑稽可笑 的效果。Character: In appreciating a short story, characters are an indispensable element. Characters are the persons presented in a dramatic or narrative

24、 work. Forst divides characters into two types: flat character, which is presented without much individualizing detail; and round character, which is complex in temperament and motivation and is represented with subtle particularity.人物：在短篇小說的欣賞中，人物是必不可少一 個(gè)元素。人物是喜劇或小說中所描寫的人。福斯 特把人物劃分為兩類，扁平型人物和圓型人物。 扁

25、平型人物往往缺乏個(gè)人化的細(xì)節(jié)描寫而圓型 人物那么在性格和行為動(dòng)機(jī)上較為復(fù)雜。Characterization： the means by which a writer reveals that personality.人物描寫：一個(gè)作家描寫某個(gè)人物的方法。Classicism: A movement or tendency in art, literature, or music that reflects the principles manifested in the art of ancient Greece and Rome. Classicism emphasizes the tra

26、ditional and the universal, and places value on reason, clarity, balance, and order. Classicism, with its concern for reason and universal themes, is traditionally opposed to Romanticism, which is concerned with emotions and personal themes.古典主義：在藝術(shù)、文學(xué)或音樂方面反映古希臘、 羅馬文學(xué)原理的運(yùn)動(dòng)。古典主義強(qiáng)調(diào)傳統(tǒng)，追求 理性、明晰、平衡和秩序。因?yàn)?/p>

27、古典主義強(qiáng)調(diào)理 性和普遍主題，在傳統(tǒng)上反對(duì)強(qiáng)調(diào)感情和個(gè)人主 題的浪漫主義。Climax: The point of greatest intensity, interest, or suspense in a story s turning point. The action leading to the climax and the simultaneous increase of tension in the plot are known as the rising action. Allaction after the climax is referred to as the falli

28、ng action, or resolution. The term crisis is sometimes used interchangeably with climax.高潮：小說中最緊張、最有趣或最具懸念的轉(zhuǎn)折 點(diǎn)。情節(jié)中引起高潮的動(dòng)作和情節(jié)緊張度的增加 稱作“上升”，高潮后的動(dòng)作稱為“回落”或 “結(jié)局”。有時(shí)候高潮又稱作“轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)”。Conceit: A kind of metaphor that makes a comparison between two startlingly different things. A conceit may be a brief metaphor,

29、 but it usually provides the framework for an entire poem. An especially unusual and intellectual kind of conceit is the metaphysical conceit.新奇的比喻：將兩種截然不同的食物進(jìn)行比照的 一種隱喻。它雖被視為是一種隱喻，但是它往往 構(gòu)建了整首詩的框架，最為奇特的應(yīng)屬玄學(xué)詩里 面的。Conflict: A struggle between two opposing forces or characters in a short story, novel, p

30、lay, or narrative poem. Usually the events of the story are all related to the conflict, and the conflict is resolved in some way by the story s end.矛盾：在小說、短篇小說、戲劇或敘事詩中相互 對(duì)立的兩種力量。故事中的事件往往都和矛盾有 關(guān)，并且在故事的結(jié)尾矛盾都會(huì)得以解決。Connotation: All the emotions and associations that a word or phrase may arouse. Connota

31、tion is distinct fromdenotation, which is the literal or“dictionary“ meaning of a word or phrase.內(nèi)涵：一個(gè)詞或短語所指的所有的情感和聯(lián)系。 與外延不同，外延那么是指一個(gè)詞的字面意思或詞 典上的解釋。Consonance: The repetition of similar consonant sounds in the middle or at the end of words.諧音：單詞詞尾或中間相似輔音的重復(fù)。Couplet: Two consecutive lines of poetry t

32、hat rhyme. A heroic couplet is an iambic pentameter couplet.對(duì)句：兩個(gè)連續(xù)押韻的詩行。英雄雙行體的對(duì)句 一般都為抑揚(yáng)格五音步。Critical Realism: The critical realism of the 19th century flourished in the forties and in the beginning of fifties. The realists first and foremost set themselves the task of criticizing capitalist society

33、 from a democratic viewpoint and delineated the crying contradictions of bourgeois reality. But they did not find a way to eradicate social evils.批判現(xiàn)實(shí)主義：批判現(xiàn)實(shí)主義在19世紀(jì)40年代 到達(dá)高潮。批判現(xiàn)實(shí)主義作家們往往把從民主的 角度批評(píng)和揭露資本主義社會(huì)的丑惡視為己任, 但他們并沒有找到治療社會(huì)弊病的良方。Dactyl: It s made up of one stressed and two unstressed syllables, wi

34、th the stressed in front.揚(yáng)抑抑格：揚(yáng)抑抑格由一個(gè)重度音節(jié)和兩個(gè)非重 度音節(jié)組成，重讀音節(jié)在前。Denotation: The literal or “dictionary” meaning of a word.外延：單詞的字面意義或“詞典”解釋。Denouement: The outcome of a plot. The denouement is that part of a play, short story, novel, or narrative poem in which conflicts are resolved or unraveled, and my

35、steries and secrets connected with the plot are explained.結(jié)局：情節(jié)的結(jié)尾局部。在戲劇、小說、短篇小 說的結(jié)尾局部，矛盾得以解決，和情節(jié)相關(guān)的秘 密都得以揭露。典故：文學(xué)作品中作家希望讀者能夠認(rèn)識(shí)或做出 反響的一個(gè)人物、地點(diǎn)、事件或文學(xué)作品。典故 或來自歷史、地理、文學(xué)或宗教。4. American Naturalism: American naturalism was a new and harsher realism. American naturalism had been shaped by the war; by the so

36、cial upheavals that undermined the comforting faith of an earlier age.America s literary naturalists dismissed the validity of comforting moral truths. They attempted to achieve extreme objectivity and frankness, presenting characters of low social and economic classes who were determined by their e

37、nvironment and heredity. In presenting the extremes of life, the naturalists sometimesDiction: A writer s choice of words, particularly for clarity, effectiveness, and precision.措辭：一個(gè)作家用詞的選擇，主要是為了清楚、 有效和簡練等目的。Dissonance: A harsh or disagreeable combination of sounds; discord.不和諧音：刺耳或無法融洽的音的組合，噪音。Dra

38、matic monologue: A kind of narrative poem in which one character speaks to one or more listeners whose replies are not given in the poem. The occasion is usually a crucial one in the speaker s personality as well as the incident that is the subject of the poem.戲劇獨(dú)白：在一種敘事詩里面，一個(gè)人物對(duì)其他 的人物講話但并沒有交代他們的回答，

39、這種場合 往往對(duì)反映說話人的性格特征和詩歌的主題是 至關(guān)重要的。Elegy: A poem of mourning, usually over the death of an individual. An elegy is a type of lyric poem, usually formal in language and structure, and solemn or even melancholy in tone.挽歌：為某個(gè)死去的人所做的詩，挽歌往往屬于 抒情詩，在語言和機(jī)構(gòu)上比擬正式，語氣上比擬 莊重甚至是哀傷的。Emblematic image: A verbal pictur

40、e or figure with a long tradition of moral or religious meaning attached to it.象征性意象：蘊(yùn)含道德或宗教意義的文字描述或 人物。Enlightenment: With the advent of the 18th century, in England, as in other European countries, there sprang into life a public movement known as the Enlightenment. The Enlightenment on the whole,

41、 was an expression of struggle of the then progressive class of bourgeois against feudalism. The social inequality, stagnation, prejudices and other survivals of feudalism. They attempted to place all branches of science at the service of mankind by connecting them with the actual deeds and requirem

42、ents of the people.啟蒙主義：啟蒙主義是在18世紀(jì)在英國發(fā)生的。 總體上，啟蒙主義是當(dāng)時(shí)的資產(chǎn)階級(jí)對(duì)封建主義, 社會(huì)的不平等、死寂、偏見和其他的封建剩余的 一種反對(duì)。通過將科學(xué)的各個(gè)分支與人民的日常 生活和需要聯(lián)系起來，啟蒙主義者們努力將他們 變成為人民群眾服務(wù)的工具Epic: A long narrative poem telling about the deeds of a great hero and reflecting the values of the society from which it originated. Many epics were drawn

43、from an oral tradition and were transmitted by song and recitation before they were written down.史詩：講述英雄事跡并反映出這些英雄事跡的社 會(huì)價(jià)值觀的長篇敘事詩。在成為之前，很多史詩 都來自于口頭傳統(tǒng)并通過歌唱和背誦流傳。Epigram: A short, witty, pointed statement often in the form of a poem.警句詩：一種簡短、智慧、蘊(yùn)含深刻的詩。Epigraph: A quotation or motto at the beginning of

44、 a chapter, book, short story, or poem that makes some point about the work.題詞：在一章、一本書、短篇小說或詩歌的開頭 指涉作品內(nèi)容的引文或銘文。Epilogue: A short addition or conclusion at the end of a literary work.收場白：文學(xué)作品末尾簡短的補(bǔ)充或結(jié)論。Epiphany: A moment of illumination, usually occurring at or near the end of a work.頓悟：事實(shí)得以揭示的時(shí)刻，往往發(fā)

45、生在作品的 結(jié)尾或?qū)⒔瘴簿植?。Epitaph: An inscription on a gravestone or a short poem written in memory of someone who has died.Epithet: A descriptive name or phrase used to characterize someone or something.稱號(hào)：用來描述一個(gè)人或事物的描寫性詞或短語。Era of Modernism: The years from 1910 to 1930 are often called the Era of Modernism,

46、 for there seems to have been in both Europe and America a strong awareness of some sort of “break“ with the past. The new artists shared a desire to capture the complexity of modern life, to focus on the variety andconfusion of the 20th century by reshaping and sometimes discarding the ideas and ha

47、bits of the 19th century. The Era of Modernism was indeed the era of the New.現(xiàn)代主義時(shí)期：從1910到1930年這一段時(shí)間被 稱作現(xiàn)代主義時(shí)期，因?yàn)樵谶@一時(shí)期，不管是在 美國還是在歐洲人們都認(rèn)識(shí)到一種強(qiáng)烈的與過 去的“決裂”，新藝術(shù)家們都渴望反映現(xiàn)代生活 的復(fù)雜性，都渴望通過重新構(gòu)建，有時(shí)候甚至放 棄19世紀(jì)的思想和習(xí)慣來聚焦于20世紀(jì)的多樣 性和困惑之上。Essay: A piece of prose writing, usually short, that deals with a subject in a li

48、mited way and expresses a particular point or view. An essay may be serious or humorous, tightly organized or rambling, restrained oremotional. The two general classifications of essay are the informal essay and the formal essay. An informal essay is usually brief and is written as if the writer is

49、talking informally to the reader about some topic, using a conversational style and a personal or humorous tone. By contrast, a formal essay is tightly organized, dignified in style, and serious in tone.小品文：小品文一般都是簡短的散文，作家通過 有線的篇幅發(fā)表自己獨(dú)特的看法。小品文的風(fēng)格 要么嚴(yán)肅要么幽默，組織或嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)或松散，情感或 抒發(fā)或藏而不露。小品文大體上又分為正式的和 非正式的兩種。非正

50、式的小品文一般比擬短，使 用對(duì)話的風(fēng)格和個(gè)人化或幽默的語氣，似乎在給讀者針對(duì)一個(gè)話題侃侃而談。相比之下，正式的 小品文那么組織嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，風(fēng)格高雅，語氣嚴(yán)肅。Exemplum 說教故事：A tale, usually inserted into the text of a sermon that illustrates a moral principle.勸喻故事：穿插在步道中間來闡述一種道德原那么 的故事。Fable: A fable is a short story, often with animals as its characters, which illustrate a moral.寓

51、言：以動(dòng)物為主人公來寫的短小的故事。Farce: A type of comedy based on a ridiculous situation, often with stereotyped characters. The humor in a farce is largely slapstickthat is, it ofteninvolves crude physical action. The characters in a farce are often the butts of practical jokes.鬧?。呼[劇是戲劇的一種，它以搞笑的情節(jié)為基 礎(chǔ)，往往使用典型化的人物，

52、鬧劇中的幽默很大 程度上都是打鬧一一它往往會(huì)有比擬激烈的肢 體動(dòng)作。鬧劇中的人物一般都是被取笑的對(duì)象。Figurative language: Language that is not intended to be interpreted in a literal sense. By appealing to the imagination, figurative language provides new ways of looking at the world. Figurative language consists of such figures of speech as hyperb

53、ole, metaphor, metonymy, oxymoron, personification, simile, and synecdoche.displayed an affinity to the sensationalism of early romanticism, but unlike their romantic predecessors, the naturalists emphasized that the world was amoral, that men and women had no free will, that lives were controlled b

54、y heredity and environment, that the destiny of humanity was misery in life and oblivion in death. Although naturalist literature described the world with sometimes brutal realism, it sometimes also aimed at bettering the world through social reform.Naturalism （自然主義）The practice of describing precis

55、ely the actual circumstances of human life in literature, it is the extreme form of realism.比喻用語：不能用字面意義來解釋的用語。通過 想象，比喻用語讓讀者以新的方式看待世界，它 一般包括夸張、隱喻、轉(zhuǎn)喻、矛盾修飾法、擬人、 明喻和提喻等修辭手法。Flashback: A scene in a short story, novel, play, or narrative poem that interrupts the action to show an event that happened earl

56、ier.倒敘：在短篇小說、小說、戲劇或敘事詩中穿插 在表達(dá)中講述更早的一件事。Foil: A character who sets off another character by contrast.襯托：通過比照來烘托另一個(gè)人物的人物。Foot: It is a rhythmic unit, a specific combination of stressed and unstressed syllables.音步：音步是詩歌韻律的一個(gè)單元，是一個(gè)重度 音節(jié)和非重度音節(jié)的組合。Foreshadowing: The use of hints or clues in a narrative to

57、 suggest what will happen later. Writers use foreshadowing to create interest and to build suspense. Sometimes foreshadowing also prepares the reader for the ending of the story.伏筆：在表達(dá)中使用暗示或線索來預(yù)示將要發(fā)生 的事情，作家們使用伏筆來增加讀者的興趣和產(chǎn) 生懸念，有時(shí)伏筆又為故事的結(jié)尾做好鋪墊。Free Verse: Verse that has either no metrical pattern or a

58、n irregular pattern.自由詩：按照語言的抑揚(yáng)頓挫和意象模式，而不 是按照固定韻律寫出的詩。它的韻律建立在音素、 語詞、短語、句子和段落等形式的基礎(chǔ)上，而不 是建立在音步傳統(tǒng)格律單位上。因此，自由詩消 除了很多不自然的成分和詩體表現(xiàn)的某些審美 差距。20世紀(jì)初，在英國詩法中自由詩已經(jīng)流 行。Hyperbole: A figure of speech using exaggeration, or overstatement, for special effect.夸張：為了產(chǎn)生特定的效果而使用夸大其詞的方 法所產(chǎn)生的一種修辭方式。Iamb: It is the most comm

59、only used foot in English poetry, in which an unstressed syllable comes first, followed by a stressed syllable.抑揚(yáng)格：在英語詩歌中使用最廣泛的一種音步, 抑揚(yáng)格往往是一個(gè)非重度音節(jié)后跟一個(gè)重度音 H-PIJ OIambic pentameter: A poetic line consisting of five verse feet, with each foot an iamb一that is, an unstressed syllable followed by a stress

60、ed syllable. lambic pentameter is the most common verse line in English poetry.抑揚(yáng)格五音步詩：一行詩包含五個(gè)音步，每個(gè)音 步都是抑揚(yáng)格。Imagism: It s a poetic movement of England and the U. S. flourished from 1909 to 1917. The movement insists on the creation of images in poetry by “the direct treatment of the thing“ and the e