1、ThecomparisonbetweenpublicschoolsandprivateschoolsintheUnitedStatesSummary:和許多國(guó)家一樣，美國(guó)學(xué)校按照其支持和附屬的對(duì)象分位公立學(xué)校和私立學(xué)校。公立學(xué)校主要由州和政府辦學(xué)，私立學(xué)校則由宗教組織和個(gè)人開(kāi)設(shè)。在中國(guó)，公立學(xué)校的名聲很高、教學(xué)很好，但在美國(guó)，也許很多家長(zhǎng)們都想把自己的孩子送往私立學(xué)校，既是私立學(xué)校的學(xué)校收費(fèi)較高，而公立學(xué)校免費(fèi)?？偟恼f(shuō)來(lái)，美國(guó)的公立學(xué)校和私立學(xué)校有一些區(qū)別，卻相互依存。Asweknow,Harvardisthebestknownuniversityaroundtheworld,whichiss

2、ituatedintheurbanareaofBoston,MassachusetsintheUnitedStates.But,doyouknowthatHarvardUniversitywasaproductofPuritans?Inotherwords,HarvardUniversityisaprivateschool.Onthecontrary,therearepublicschoolsintheUnitedStates.Whatisthedifferencebetweenthesetwokindsofschools?Thisisaquestionthatforeignersconcer

3、n,besidesAmericansthemselves.IntheUnitedStates,someschoolsarepublicwhiletheothersareprivate.Thenamespublicandprivaterefertothemannerinwhichtheschoolsaresupportedandcontrolled.Publicschoolsaretax-supportedandcontrolledbylocalofficials.Privateschoolsgeneralchargetuitionandarenotunderdirectpubliccontro

4、l,althoughmanystatesseteducationalstandardsforprivateschool.Inaword,publicschoolscannotchargetuition.Theyarefundedthroughfederal,stateandlocaltaxes.Whenyoupayyourtaxes,youarepayingforyourchildseducationandtheeducationofotherchildreninyourcommunity.Butprivateschoolscostmoney.Privateschoolsdonotreceiv

5、etaxrevenues,instead,theyarefundedthroughtuition,donationsandprivategrants.SometimesthemediantuitionforprivateschoolsintheUnitedStatesiscloseto$17,441forgrades9to12.Thisisthebigandmaindifferencebetweenpublicschoolsandprivateschools.Oneisfreewhiletheotherisexpensive,whichonewillyouchoose?Manypeoplema

6、ychoosethefreeone,butintheUSA,iftheconditionspermitting,partoftheparentsareinclinedtosendtheirchildrentoprivateschools.Intheiropinions,publicschoolsarecomplicatedwhichmustfollowallfederal,stateandlocallawsineducatingchildren.Suchlawsusuallyincludespecificsaboutfunding,programdevelopmentandcurriculum

7、.Soinmanypublicschools,theyofferageneralprogram,designedforallchildren,whichusuallyincludesmath,English,reading,writing,science,historyandphysicaleducation.Andinadditiontothesekeysubjects,theymayalsoofferprogramsinmusicandart.Focusingontheexaminations,wecanknowthatpublicschoolstudentslearningismeasu

8、redthroughstatestandardizedtests.Thisphenomenoncannotexistinprivateschools.Sinceprivateschoolsarefundedindependently,theyarenotsubjecttothelimitationsofstateeducationbudgetsandhavemorefreedomindesigningcurriculumandinstruction.Forexample,privateschoolsmayuseartorscienceinallclasses,ortakechildrenono

9、utdoortripstorelaxthemselvesandputtheknowledgeintopractice.MaybethereisacelebrationofGrandparentsDaywhilepublicschoolsneverthinkaboutit.Iftheschoolisassociatedwithareligiousgrouporpeoplehimself,thelocalbranchmayprovideanimportantsourceoffundingaswell.ButnoteverychildintheUnitedStatescanhavethechance

10、tostudyintheprivateschool.Notaspublicschoolsadmitallchildren,privateschoolsareselective.Bylaw,publicschoolsmusteducateallchildren,includingstudentswithspecialneeds.Toenrollinapublicschoolyousimplyregisteryourchildbyfillingoutthenecessarypaperwork.Butintheprivateschools,theyarenotobligatedtoaccepteve

11、rychild,andinmanyprivateschoolsadmissionisverycompetitive.Thestudentisdeterminedthroughaselectionprocessandallstudentsmustapplyandbeacceptedinordertoattend.Althoughstudentsmaybefromdifferentneighborhoods,theywillprobablyhavesimilargoalsandinterests.Lookingbacktotheparagraphabove,wementionedthatstude

12、ntswithspecialneeds.TheUSAcantignorethestudentswhowanttostudysomethingdifferent.Thiscanberealizedinthepublicschools.Duetospecialeducationlaws,publicschoolsmusteducateallthestudentsandprovidethenecessaryprogramstomeettheirspecialneeds.Itmeansthatmostpublicschoolsshouldhavespecialteacherswhoaretrained

13、toworkwithstudentswhohaveparticularneeds.Butinmanyprivateschools,theydonthavetohavespecialeducationprogramsorteacherstrainedtopleasewiththespecialneeds.Thisdoesntmeanthatprivateschoolsarenotresponsibleforthespecialstudents.Instead,theytrytohelpallthestudentstheyadmit,butextraresourcesmayalsocomeatan

14、additionalcost.Atlast,anotherideawhichmustbepointedoutisthatbothpublicschoolsandprivateschoolsareprovidingsmallclassesandindividualattentiontostudents,whichisdifferentfromChineseschools.Butinsomepublicschools,classsizetendstogetbiggerasstudentsbecomeoldersothatindividualattentionbecomeless.Thatiswhy

15、manyAmericanparentschooseprivateschoolsfortheirchildren.Sincethefirstuniversitiesweredevelopedbyprivatecharitableorganizations.IntheUnitedStates,theprivateschoolsareveryimportant,andmostofthebest-knowninstitutions,likeHarvard,YaleandPrincetonareprivate.AndforthemostpartAmericansthinkthatthereissomeadvantageinattendingoneofthebetterknownprivateinstitution