1、 完型填空專題 賓川三中 王武鳳考情分析 完型填空是高考常見(jiàn)的一種題型，這種題型被專家稱為障礙性閱讀，也是讓學(xué)生感到最為棘手的題型之一。它既考查對(duì)語(yǔ)法、詞匯、習(xí)語(yǔ)、句型、搭配等基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)的綜合運(yùn)用能力，又考查對(duì)短文的閱讀理解能力，甚至有時(shí)還考查對(duì)時(shí)事政治等的關(guān)注，且選取的文章都富有思想性和教育性。完型填空命題有以下特點(diǎn)：短文的第一句不設(shè)空，詞數(shù)在200300之間，空格平均間距13個(gè)詞左右。體裁相對(duì)穩(wěn)定，多為夾敘夾議的記敘文。考查內(nèi)容主要是邏輯上的通順，極少是考語(yǔ)法，所以每題四個(gè)選項(xiàng)大多屬同一語(yǔ)法范疇。難度穩(wěn)中有增，近年來(lái)加大了詞匯量，使長(zhǎng)句難句增多，選項(xiàng)中所用詞匯更加富有層次、更具有干擾性，因此

2、難度也就自然增大了?？键c(diǎn)歸納考點(diǎn)一 詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)包括：原詞、同（近）義詞、反義詞、同源詞、概括詞復(fù)現(xiàn)等。詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)主要是考查考生的整體篇章意識(shí)和上下文推斷能力。考生只需要在上下文中直接尋找與備選答案相關(guān)的詞匯，不需要做出推理判斷就可以輕松解決問(wèn)題。這類設(shè)題形式分為前文提示和后文暗示兩種。（2013廣東）If a nest has four eggs and you remove one, the bird will not_3_. However, if you remove two, the bird_4_leaves. How good is a humans number sense?

3、 Its not very good. For example, babies about fourteen months old almost always notice if something is taken away from a _13_group.3. A. survive B. care C. hatch D. notice(2013湖南)I was so _41_that I slammed(砰地關(guān)門)the door and stepped out on the front porchThe voice behind the _45_answered, “Billy doe

4、snt live here anymore. He ran away from home.” Glancing behind me to see if anyone else was coming. I begged, “Aw, Mom, mom! Im _46_your son. Let me in! The door inched open and Moms smiling face appeared. “Did you change your_47_about running away?” she asked.45. A. house B. tree C. door D. yard點(diǎn)撥：

5、詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)的解題技巧一抓抓中心：解題時(shí)不要急于求成，應(yīng)抓住文章的中心思想（圍繞的話題-文章中出現(xiàn)頻率最高的詞）二找找復(fù)現(xiàn)：充分利用上下文信息詞，找到有助于判定正確答案的有提示作用的詞句（如原詞、同義詞、反義詞、概括詞等）考點(diǎn)二 前后照應(yīng)完型填空所選的文章都是具有邏輯關(guān)系、意義相連的語(yǔ)篇，前后照應(yīng)題目的設(shè)計(jì)主要是考查學(xué)生的綜合分析能力。有時(shí)提供的幾個(gè)選項(xiàng)孤立地從一個(gè)句子看或是從一個(gè)段落看似乎都可以，但需要從整篇文章上下文結(jié)合起來(lái)看，才能選出正確答案。（2012 全國(guó)）Around twenty years ago I was living in York._21_I had a lot of ex

6、perience and a Masters degree, I could not find_22_work. I was _23_a school bus to make ends meet and _24_with a friend of mine, for I had lost my flat. I had _25_five interviews(面試) with a company and one day between bus runs they called to say I did not_26_the job. “Why has my life become so _27_?

7、” I thought painfully. As I pulled the bus over to _28_a little girl, she handed me an earring_29_I should keep it _30_somebody claimed(認(rèn)領(lǐng)) it. The earring was painted black and said “BE HAPPY”. My _39_there went very well, and before long I got a well-paid job.22. A. successful B. extra C. satisfyi

8、ng D. convenient23. A. driving B. repairing C. taking D.designing (2013山東) I used to be a very self-centered person, but in the past two years I have really changed. I have started to think about other people_36_I think about myself. I am happy that I am becoming a _37_person.I think my_38_started w

9、hen I was at Palomar College. At first, I just wanted to get my_39_and be left alone. I thought I was smarter than everyone else, so I hardly ever_40_to anyone in my classes. By the end of my first semester, I was really_41_. It seemed as if everyone but me had made friends and was having fun. So I

10、tried a(n)_42_.I started asking people around me how they were doing, and if they were having trouble I _43_to help. That was really a big_44_for me. By the end of the year, I had several new friends, and two of _45_are still my best friends today.36. A. since B.before C. or D. unless37.A. famous B.

11、 simple C. different D. skilled38. A. education B. career C. tour D. change39. A. balance B. homework C. degree D. interest40. A. talked B. wrote C. lied D. reported41. A. careful B. lonely C. curious D. guilty42. A. argument B. game C. experiment D. defence43. A. dared B. offered C. hesitated D. ha

12、ppened44. A. dream B. problem C. duty D.step45. A.us B. which C. them D. whom點(diǎn)撥：前后照應(yīng)題目的解題技巧關(guān)鍵要弄清上下文之間的聯(lián)系。在做出選擇時(shí)，一定要前后照應(yīng)，時(shí)刻不離開(kāi)上下文。而且隨著對(duì)短文的理解的逐步深入，對(duì)已做出的選擇進(jìn)行必要的修正。務(wù)必要進(jìn)行復(fù)核。確定答案之后帶入原文檢查，看意義和邏輯關(guān)系是否符合，如不符合重新確定答案?？键c(diǎn)三 固定搭配詞的固定搭配，特別是動(dòng)詞的搭配師完型填空測(cè)試的重點(diǎn)，這是由動(dòng)詞在句子中的重要性決定的。動(dòng)詞在搭配關(guān)系上與名詞、介詞、副詞緊密相連，測(cè)試的范圍較廣。除此之外，還考查形容詞與介詞

13、、介詞與名詞的固定搭配。（2013浙江）When I got to my new room, I _32_myself to my new roommate Paolo, a Brazilian(巴西人)the same age as I, whom I was surprised to find playing one of my favorite CDs! In just a few hours, we knew wed be good friends for the rest of the _33_.32. A.added B. introduced C. devoted D. adap

14、ted (2013四川)So weeks later, at my 13th birthday party, inspire by her bravery, I gave up my scarf and showed off my scars. It felt amazing not having to _29_away behind my scarf.Now, I am_30_of what I look like and much happier, because I have realized it is your personality(個(gè)性)that decides who you

15、truly are.29.A. hide B. give C. keep D. put30.A.sick B.aware C. tired D. proud點(diǎn)撥：固定搭配題目的解題技巧不能利用語(yǔ)法知識(shí)進(jìn)行判斷，只有熟悉其意義和用法，才能迅速準(zhǔn)確地做出判斷。做題時(shí)首先要通過(guò)上下文理解該句的意思，之后從搭配角度推選答案。完型填空考查的搭配主要是由動(dòng)詞+介詞、動(dòng)詞+副詞、形容詞+介詞、介詞+名詞等構(gòu)成，這需要考生在平時(shí)的聯(lián)系中注意詞組、短語(yǔ)的整體記憶，掌握他們的搭配規(guī)律。有些短語(yǔ)含有多種意義，做題時(shí)要根據(jù)語(yǔ)境判斷使用哪個(gè)含義。考點(diǎn)四 詞義辨析在完型填空所提供的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，往往存在大量同義詞、近義詞、

16、同類詞等（也有一部分沒(méi)有任何關(guān)系的詞匯摻在其中），考查具體語(yǔ)境下它們的意義差別。此類題目所占比例最大，難度也較大。（2012全國(guó)新課標(biāo)）Body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all! It speaks_36_than words. According to specialists, our bodies send out more _37_than we realize. In fact, non-verbal communicaton(非語(yǔ)言交際) takes up about 50%of what

17、 we really_38_.36. A. straighter B. louder C. harder D. further37. A. sounds B. invitations C. feelings D. messages38. A. hope B. receive C. discover D. mean (2013全國(guó)新課標(biāo))Michael Greenberg is a very popular New Yorker. He is not famous in sports or the arts. But people in the streets know about him, e

18、specially those who are_17_. For those people, he is “Gloves”Greenberg. How did he get that_18_?He looks like any other businessman, wearing a suit and carrying a briefcase(公文箱). But hes_19_.His briefcase always has some gloves.In winter, Mr. Greenberg does not_20_like other New Yorker, who look at

19、the sidewalk and hurry down the street. He looks around at people. He stops when he _23_someone with no gloves. He gives them a pair and then he _24_, looking for more people with cold_25_.On winter days, Mr. Greenberg gives away gloves. During the rest of the year, he _27_gloves. People who have he

20、ard about him_28_him gloves, and he has many in his apartment17. A.old B. busy C. kind D.poor18.A.job B.name C.chanc D. message19.A.calm B.different C.crazy D. curious20. A.act B. sound C. feel D. dress23.A. helps B. chooses C. greets D. sees24. A.holds up B.hangs out C. moves on D. turns around25.

21、A. hands B. ears C.faces D. eyes27.A. borrows B.sells C.returns D. buys 28. A. call B. send C. tend D. show點(diǎn)撥：詞義辨析題目的解題技巧必須將詞語(yǔ)辨析與上下文情節(jié)推理和邏輯推理結(jié)合起來(lái)，從詞匯意義入手，抓住情節(jié)線索解決問(wèn)題。做題時(shí)嚴(yán)格區(qū)分、細(xì)心比較，看其搭配、慣用法，尤其看其內(nèi)涵和外延，即詞義的差異，才能找出一個(gè)符合情理的答案。在日常練習(xí)中，可以將完型填空題選項(xiàng)中涉及的詞匯整理在一個(gè)表格中，添加詳細(xì)的辨析，并且反復(fù)練習(xí)。考點(diǎn)五 背景常識(shí)高考英語(yǔ)完型填空的材料都選自原汁原味的英美文章，反應(yīng)英語(yǔ)國(guó)家的歷史文化、風(fēng)土人情、民俗、節(jié)