1、口譯分類詞匯中國(guó)文化口譯分類詞匯 中國(guó)文化概述 General Terms 愛(ài)國(guó)主義精神 patriotism 誠(chéng)懇守信 honesty 公民道德建設(shè)實(shí)施綱要 The Program for Improving Civic Morality 集體主義 collectivism 弘揚(yáng)主旋律,提倡多樣化 highlight the central theme of the times while encouraging diversity 全民健身運(yùn)動(dòng) nationwide fitness campaign 社會(huì)公德,職業(yè)道德和家庭美德訓(xùn)練education in social and profe

2、ssional ethics and family virtues 為人民服務(wù) serving the people 深化群眾,深化生活 go deep among the masses and into the thick of life 貢獻(xiàn)無(wú)愧于時(shí)代的作品 contribute to the people works worthy of the times 中華文明博大精深,源遠(yuǎn)流長(zhǎng)The Chinese civilization is extensive and profound , and has a long history 重要文化遺產(chǎn) major cultural herita

3、ge 優(yōu)秀民間藝術(shù) outstanding folk arts 獨(dú)立于世界民族之林 stand proudly in the family of nations 藝術(shù)及工藝 Arts and Crafts 版畫 engraving 貝雕畫 shell carving picture 彩塑 painted sculpture 瓷器 porcelain; china 刺繡 embroidery 雕刻 carving 宮燈 palace lantern 國(guó)畫 Chinese painting 剪紙 paper-cut 景德鎮(zhèn)瓷 Jingdezhen porcelain 景泰藍(lán) cloisonn en

4、amel 蠟染 batik 賣秸畫 straw patchwork 木/ 石/ 竹刻 wood/stone/bamboo carving 木刻畫 wood engraving 泥人兒 clay figure 皮影 shadow puppet 漆畫 lacquer painting 漆器 lacquer ware 雙面繡 two-sided embroidery 水墨畫 Chinese brush drawing ; ink and wash painting 檀香扇 sandalwood fan 唐三彩 Tang tri-colored pottery 陶器 pottery ; earthen

5、ware 圖章 seal 拓碑 making rubbings from inscriptions , pictures , etc . on stone tablets 拓片 rubbing 微雕 miniature engraving 象牙雕刻 ivory carving 宜興陶 Yixing pottery 篆刻 seal cutting 戲劇表演 Theatrical Performances 京劇人物臉譜 types of facial makeup in Beijing opera 生 male characters 末 middle-aged male characters 凈“

6、 painted face” characters 旦 female characters 丑 clown 京劇票友 amateur performer of Peking Opera 木偶戲 puppet show 獨(dú)角戲 monodrama; one-man play 皮影戲 shadow play ; leather-silhouette show 折子戲 opera highlights 戲劇小品 skit 啞劇 dumb show ; mime ; mummery ; pantomime 單口相聲 monologue comic talk 雙口相聲 witty dialogue 口技

7、 vocal imitations ; ventriloquism 說(shuō)書 monologue story-telling 雜技 acrobatic performance 疊羅漢 making a human pyramid 絕技 stunt 睬高蹺 stilt walk 馬戲 circus performances 神話人物 Mythological Figures 八仙 the Eight Immortals 嫦娥 Changs the Chinese moon goddess 伏羲 Fu Xi God of Fishery and Husbandry 福祿壽三星 the three go

8、ds of fortune , prosperity and longevity 共工 God of Water 后羿 Houyi a legendary hero who shot down nine suns 黃帝 Yellow Emperor 夸父 Kuafu a fabled sun-chasing giant 女Goddess of Sky-patching body 盤古Pan Gu creator of the universe 神農(nóng)Patron of Agriculture 禹Yu the reputed founder of the Xia Dynasty 祝融God of

9、Fire 古代建筑Ancient Architecture 塔pagoda 琉璃塔glazed stupa 舍利塔dagoba ; sarira stupa a pagoda for Buddhist relics 舍利子sarira remains from cremation of Buddha s of saints喇叭塔Lamaist pagoda 樓storied buildings 鐘樓bell tower 鼓樓drum tower 閣pavilion 烽火臺(tái)beacon tower 華表ornamental column 牌坊memorial archway 傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日Tradit

10、ional Festivals 拜年paying a New Year call 爆竹firecracker 鞭炮a string of small firecrackers 除夕New Years Eve 春節(jié)Spring Festival 春聯(lián)Spring Festival couplets conveying best wishes for the year 辭舊迎新bid farewell to the old and usher in the new ; ring out the old year and ring in the new 大掃除 year-end household

11、cleaning 燈謎 lantern riddles 登高 hill climbing 端午節(jié) Dragon Boat Festival 恭喜發(fā)財(cái) May you be prosperous. / Wish you all the best . 觀燈 viewing the lanterns 賀年片 New Year film 餃子 dumplings with meat and vegetable stuffing 龍燈舞 dragon lantern dance 廟會(huì) temple fair 年畫 New Year picture 年夜飯 family reunion dinner on

12、 Lunar New Years Eve 清明節(jié) Tomb-sweeping Festival 掃墓 paying respect to the dead 賞菊 enjoying chrysanthemum 賞月 enjoying the full moon 獅子舞 lion dance 壓歲錢 money given to children as a Lunar New Year gift 秧歌舞 yangge dance 元宵 sweet rice-flour dumplings eaten on the Lantern Festival 元宵節(jié) Lantern Festival 月餅 m

13、oon cake 植樹(shù)節(jié) Tree-planting Day 中秋節(jié) Mid-autumn Festival 重陽(yáng)節(jié) Double Ninth Festival 粽子 a pyramid-shaped dumpling made of glutinous rice wrapped in bamboo or reed leaves 烹飪 Culinary Arts 美食節(jié) gourmet festival 中餐烹飪 Chinese cuisine 色,香,味俱全 perfect combination of color , aroma , taste and appearance 四大菜系：山東

14、菜,四川菜,粵菜,揚(yáng)州菜four major Chinese cuisines: Shandong cuisine , Sichuan cuisine , Canton cuisine and Yangzhou cuisine 南淡北咸,東甜西辣 the light southern cuisine , and the salty northern cuisine ;the sweet eastern cuisine , and the spicy western cuisine 八寶菜 eight-treasure pickles assorted walnut meats , aspara

15、gus , lettuce , almonds , cucumber and peanuts , etc . pickled in soy sauce 八寶飯 eight-treasure rice pudding glutinous rice steamed with preserved fruits , sweetened bean paste , lotus seeds , longan , etc. 白斬雞 tender boiled chicken made by boiling a whole chicken in water and cutting into cubes , th

16、en dipping into seasonings 臭豆腐 odd-odour bean curb 粉蒸肉 pork streamed with rice flour 風(fēng)味小吃 local delicacy 腐竹 rolls of dried bean milk cream 冷盤 hors d oeuvres薩其馬 Manchu candied fritter cut in squares 刀切,火候 Cutting and Slicing Techniques , Heat Control 切片 slicing 切條 cutting to strips 切絲 shredding 切柳 fi

17、lleting 切丁 dicing 切碎 mincing 磨碎 grinding 大/ 旺/ 武火 strong heat 中火 medium heat 小/ 微/ 文火 gentle heat 烹飪方法 Cooking Techniques 煎 pan-frying 炒 stir-frying 爆 quick-frying 炸 deep-frying 燴 stewing 熏 smoking 煨 simmering 煮 boiling 烘 baking 烤 roasting 蒸 steaming 紅燒 braising with soy sauce 涮羊肉 dip-boiled mutton

18、slices 羊肉串小攤 mutton barbecue stall 宗教 Religions 佛教 Buddhism 釋迦牟尼 Sakyamuni 佛寺 Buddhist temple 大雄寶殿 the Great Buddha s Hall藏經(jīng)樓 depositary of Buddhist texts 金剛經(jīng) Vajracchedika-sutra 素菜館 vegetarian restaurant 羅漢堂 arhat hall 觀音 Guanyin; Goddess of Mercy; Avalokitesvara 地藏 God of Earth 四大金剛 Four Heavenly

19、Guardians at the entrance to a Buddhism temple;Four Devarajas 四大天王 Four Heavenly Kings 因果報(bào)應(yīng) karma 藏傳佛教 Lamaism 大藏經(jīng) Tripitaka 轉(zhuǎn)世靈童 reincarnated soul boy 喇嘛廟 lamasery 道教 Taoism 道觀 Taoist temple 道士 Taoist priest 關(guān)帝廟 temple of Lord Guan 儒教 Confucianism 孔子廟 Confucian temple 孔子 Confucius 義,禮,智,信,忠,恕,孝,悌ri

20、ghtness, propriety , wisdom , trustworthiness , loyalty , reciprocity ,filial piety , brotherly love 學(xué)兒優(yōu)就仕 A good scholar can become an official ./ He who excels in study can follow an official career . 禪宗 Zen Buddhism 不立別傳,不立文字,直指人心,見(jiàn)性成佛；There belief is passed on outside the religion There is no re

21、liance on written scripts It goes straight into peoples minds .One becomes a Buddha the moment He sees his own Buddha nature . 伊斯蘭教 Islam 清真寺 mosques 古蘭經(jīng) the Koran 耶穌教 Christianity 耶穌基督 Jesus Christ 洗禮 baptism 天主教 Catholicism 天主教堂 Catholic church 古代典籍 Famous Ancient Books 春秋The Spring and Autumn Annals 史記Historical Records 詩(shī)經(jīng)The Book of Songs 書經(jīng)The Book of History 易經(jīng)The Book of Changes 禮記The Book of Rites 四書：The Four Books: 高校The Great Learning 中庸The Doctrine of the Mean 論語(yǔ)The An