1、學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載什么是名詞性從句、形容詞性從句？名詞性從句在句子中起名詞作用的句子叫名詞從句(NounClauses）。名詞從句的功能相當(dāng)于名詞詞組,它在復(fù)合句中能擔(dān)任主語、賓語、表語、同位語、介詞賓語等，因此根據(jù)它在句中不同的語法功能，名詞從句又可分別稱為主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。形容詞性從句-定語從句用來修飾名詞,代詞,句子等,在句中的作用相當(dāng)于形容詞,故稱為形容詞性從句.定語從句分為限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句.限制性定語從句對被修飾詞起到限制,修飾的作用,一般不可缺少.非限制性定語從句起補充,附帶說明作用,缺少也不會影響全句的理解.e.g.Shesaidsheha

2、dfinishedherwork,whichIdoubtedverymuch.IvegotsomepersonalaffairsthatIhavetodealwith.定語從句常用關(guān)系詞關(guān)系代詞:who,whom,whose,that,which,as等(在句中作主,表,賓,定等成分)關(guān)系副詞:where(onwhich),when(inwhich),why(forwhich)(在句中作狀語)關(guān)聯(lián)詞:that(引導(dǎo)表示方式,時間的定語從句)e.g.Inthisearthquake,thenumberofpeoplewholosthomesreachedasmanyas250,000.Ihave

3、manygoodfriendstowhomIamgoingtosendpostcards.Youretheonlypersonwhoseadvicehemightlistento.Theriverwhichrunsthroughthecenterofthecitybringsusalotofpleasure.Hehasgivenusasmuchadviceashecan.Potatocanbegrowninplaceswhereitistoocoldtogrowrice.Idontliketheway(that)youtreatus.定語從句引導(dǎo)詞的選擇取決于先行詞(被修飾詞)在定語從句中的位

4、置,成分.e.g.ThepeoplewhomwhothatyoumetinthecampusarefromAustralia.(作賓語)ThiswasthetimewhenatwhichsheleftforBeijing.Theplacewhichheoftenvisitsisalwaysfullofartists.使用要點1.關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語時,不能省略.e.g.Theclassroomthatisonthefourthfloorispoorlyequipped.2.關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語且前面沒有介詞時,?？墒÷?e.g.Thisisthegirlwithwhomheworks.3.

5、關(guān)系副詞在定語從句中不可省略.e.g.IhavecometoexplainthereasonwhyIwasabsentfromthemeeting.4.只用that,不用which的情況:學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載當(dāng)先行詞有序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾時;當(dāng)先行詞前有theonly,thevery,thelast等詞修飾時;當(dāng)先行詞為anything,nothing,something,everything,all,little,much等不定代詞修飾時;當(dāng)先行詞前有all,every,no,some,any,little,much,few等詞修飾時;Itis句型中的引導(dǎo)定語從句時.5.只用which,不

6、用that的情況:引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時;引導(dǎo)詞前有介詞時;一個句子中若有兩個定語從句,一個用that引導(dǎo),另一個用which引導(dǎo);e.g.Heboughtabookthatcouldgivehimmuchknowledgeandwhichcouldhelphimtokillthetime.6.當(dāng)those作為先行詞指人時,通常只能用who引導(dǎo);as從句的先行詞是thesame,such,或被他們所修飾;多用于表示肯定意義的從句中,不用于表否定意義的從句中.e.g.Manyofthesportsarethesameastheywerewhentheystarted.Theresultwasno

7、tsuchasheexpected.Itwasraininghard,which(as)wasunexpected.8.介詞+關(guān)系代詞要根據(jù)謂語動詞的固定搭配e.g.Thisistheevidencewithwhichthecaseisconnected.先行詞e.g.IllneverforgetthedayonwhichwhenIjoinedtheparty.c.句子表達的意思e.g.ThebossinwhosedepartmentMrKingworkedgotsacked.d.在非限制性定語從句中,名詞代詞+of+whichwhom表示整體與部分的關(guān)系e.g.Theworkers,some

8、ofwhomstayedforfouryears,camefromdifferentcountries.e.介詞的位置一般放在關(guān)系代詞之前,有時也可放在從句中原來的位置上.e.g.Wediditinthesamewayinwhichhedidwhichhedidin.9.That作為關(guān)聯(lián)詞可以當(dāng)作關(guān)系副詞用e.g.ThisisthehouseinwhichLouisXIIIlived.ThisisthehousethatLouisXIIIlived.ThisisthehousewhereLouisXIIIlived.ThisishousewhichLouisXIIIlivedin.ThisisthehouseLouisXIIIlivedin