1、 儀器分析常見術(shù)語英漢對照Chapter 1 Preface/緒論analytical chemistry/chemical analysis/ instrumental analysis/分析化學(xué)/化學(xué)分析/儀器分析spectral analysis/光譜分析electroanalytical chemistry/電分析化學(xué)chromatography/色譜法methods for inorganic species/ 無機物的分析methods for organic and biochemical species/有機物、生物化學(xué)物質(zhì)的分析description of validatio

2、n parameters/有效參數(shù)的描述precision/精密度accuracy/準確度sensitivity/靈敏度detection limit/檢出限quantitation limit/定量限linearity/線性linear range/線性范圍absolute error/絕對誤差relative error/相對誤差systematic error/系統(tǒng)誤差determinate error/可定誤差accidental error/隨機誤差indeterminate error/不可定誤差debiation/偏差1 average debiation/平均偏差relativ

3、e average debiation/相對平均偏差standerd deviation;S/標準偏差（標準差）relatibe standard deviation;RSD/相對平均偏差coefficient of variation/變異系數(shù)propagation of error/誤差傳遞significant figure/有效數(shù)字partial least squares method ,PLS/偏最小二乘法Chapter 2 Introduction to Optical Methods of Analysis/光學(xué)分析導(dǎo)論properties of electromagnetic

4、 radiation/電磁輻射的性質(zhì)wave properties/波性質(zhì)the particle Nature of light: photons/光的粒子性質(zhì)interaction of radiation and matter/輻射與物質(zhì)的相互作用the electromagnetic spectrum/電磁波譜spectroscopic measurements/光譜測量radiation absorption/輻射吸收absorption process/吸收過程absorption spectra/吸收光譜limits to Beers Law/比爾定律的局限性qualitativ

5、e sqectrometric analysis/光譜定性分析semiquantitative spectrometric analysis/光譜半定量分析quantitative spectrometric analysis/光譜定量分析instruments for optical spectrometry/光譜儀器spectrophotometer /光譜儀instrument components/儀器的組成部件2 optical materials/光學(xué)材料spectroscopic sources/光源wavelength selectors/單色器sample container

6、s/樣品池spectrophotometer/分光光度計single beam spectrophotometer/單光束分光光度計double beam spectrophotometer/雙光束分子光光度計dual wavelength spectrophotometer/雙波長分光光度計colorimeter/比色計visual colorimeter/目視比色計photoelectric coolorimeter/光電子比色計holographic grating/全息光柵interference filter/干涉濾光片calibration filter/校準濾光片neutral

7、filter/中性濾光片absorption cell/cuvette/吸收池/比色皿photocell/photovoltaic cell/光電池photomultiplier/光電倍增管detecting and measuring radiant energy/輻射能檢測signal processors and readouts/信號處理和數(shù)據(jù)輸出molecular Luminescence Analysis/分子發(fā)光分析molecular fluorescence spectroscopy/分子熒光分光光度法theory of molecular fluorescence/分子熒光光

8、譜法理論effect of concentration on fluorescence intensity/影響熒光強度的因素molecular phosphorescence/分子磷光chemiluminescence methods/化學(xué)發(fā)光法3 Chapter 3 Atomic Emission Spectrometry(AES)/原子發(fā)射光譜origins of atomic spectra/原子光譜的起源formation of atomic emission spectra/原子發(fā)射光譜的產(chǎn)生outer electron/外層電子electron transition/電子躍遷pr

9、oduction of atoms and ions/原子和離子的產(chǎn)生excited potential/激發(fā)電位ionization potential/電離電位transition rule/躍遷定則energy level diagram/能級圖characteristic spectrum/特征光譜spectrum line intensity /譜線強度self-absorption and self reversal of spectrum line /譜線的自吸與自蝕atomization efficiency/原子化效率atomic line/原子線resonance line

10、/共振線sensitive line/靈敏度Boltzmann distribution/波爾茲曼分布定律Boltzmann factor/波爾茲曼因子Boltzmann constant/波爾茲曼常數(shù)device and instrument of AES /原子發(fā)射光譜分析裝置與儀器types and process of AES /儀器類型與流程slit/ 狹縫diffraction grating/衍射光柵steeloscope/看譜鏡4 photoelectric direct reading spectrometer/光電直讀光譜計flame photometer/火焰光度計exc

11、itation light source/激發(fā)光源spectrum projictor/映譜儀spectral photographic plate/光譜感光板microphotometer,microdens-tometer/測微光度計spectrograph/攝譜儀plsma source/等離子體光源glow discharge/輝光放電high firequency discharge/高頻放電inductively coupled high frequency plasma torch/電感耦合高頻等離子體焰炬capacitively coupled high frequency p

12、lasma torch/電容耦合高頻等離子體焰炬capacitively coupled microwave plasma torch/電容耦合微波等離子體焰炬laser microprobe/激光微探針plate/相板（又稱干板）flame spectrometer /火焰光度計arc and electric spark emission spectrometer/電弧和電火花發(fā)射光譜儀sample introduction systems/樣品引入系統(tǒng)multi-element/多元素plasma sources/等離子體光源electrothermal atomizers/電熱原子化器

13、other atomizers/其它原子化器sources of nonlinearity in atomic emission spectrometry/非線性光源plasma emission spectrometry/等離子發(fā)射光譜direct current plasma jet（DCP）/直流等離子體噴焰inductively coupled plasma(ICP)/電感耦合等離子體5 principle and feature of ICP-AES /電感耦合等離子體發(fā)射光譜原理和特點microwave induced plasma( MIP)/微波感生等離子體interferen

14、ces in plasma and flame atomic emission spectroscopy/等離子體和火焰原子光譜中的干擾matrix interference/基體干擾photomultiplier tube （PMT）/光電倍增管charge injection detector(CID)/電荷注入式檢測器qualitative and quantitative analysis method /定性和定量分析方法linear dispersion/曲線angular dispersion/線色散angular dispersion/角色散reciprocal linear

15、dospersion/倒數(shù)線色散resolving power,resolution/分辨本領(lǐng)spectral line interfernce/譜線干擾spectral interference/光譜干擾ionization interference/電離干擾chemical interference/化學(xué)干擾emission interference/發(fā)射干擾matrix modifier/基體改進劑spectral buffer/光譜緩沖劑background absorption/背景吸收maximum absorption/最大吸收molecular absorption/分子吸收b

16、ackground absorption Correction/背景吸收校正enhancement effect/增感效應(yīng)depression effect/抑制效應(yīng)6 Chapter 4 Atomic Absorption Spectrometry and Atomic FluorescenceSpectrometry /原子吸收光譜和原子熒光光譜absorption line/吸收線resonance line/共振線line profile/分析線line profile/譜線輪廓line width/譜線寬度entegrated absorption method/積分吸收法peak

17、absorption method/峰分吸收法Zeeman effect/塞曼效應(yīng)atomization/原子化line width effects in atomic absorption/原子吸收中的變寬效應(yīng)flame atomic absorption/火焰原子吸收relaxation processes/弛豫過程atomic absorption with electrothermal atomization/ 原子吸收與電熱原子化interferences in atomic absorption/原子吸收中的干擾fame atomizers/火焰原子化器atomic fluores

18、cence spectrometry/原子熒光光譜法fluorescent species/熒光物質(zhì)類型fluorescence instruments/熒光光譜儀applications of fluorescence methods/熒光法的應(yīng)用Chapter 5 Ultraviolet and Visible Absorption Spectroscopy/紫外-可見吸收光譜ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrometry/紫外可見吸收光譜7 ultraviolet-visible photometers and spectrophotometers

19、/紫外可見分光光度計spectrophotometric methods/分光光度法apsorbing species/吸收類型single-beam Instruments/單光束分光光度計double-beam instruments/雙光束分光光度計multichannel instruments/多通道儀器absorption band 吸收帶transmitance,T/透光率absorbance/吸光度8 signal shot noise/散粒噪聲blazed grating/閃耀光柵Chapter 6 Infrared Absorption Spectroscopy/紅外吸收光

20、譜infrared spectroscopy/紅外吸收光譜法infrared spectrophotometry/紅外分光光度法9 mode of vibration/振動形式in-plane bending vibration, /面內(nèi)彎曲振動scissoring vibration, /剪式振動symmetrical deformation vibration , s/對稱變形振動asymmetrical deformation vibration, as/不對稱變形振動ring prckering vibration/環(huán)折疊振動charateristic avsorption band/

21、特征吸收峰characteristic frequency/特征頻率correlation absorption band/相關(guān)吸收峰hybridization affect/雜化影響intensity of absorption band/吸收峰的強度deactivation/去活化過程vibrational relaxation（VR）/振動弛豫10 vibration spectrum/振動光譜internal Conversion（IC）/內(nèi)轉(zhuǎn)換external conversion（EC）/外轉(zhuǎn)換intersystem conversion（ISC）/系間跨躍dichroism/二色

22、性wave number calibration/波數(shù)校準group frequency/基團頻率cell-in -cell-ort method/池入-池出法baseline/基線法stray light/雜散法infrared spectrophotometers/紅外分光光度計infrared absorption spectra/紅外吸收光譜absorption intensity/吸收強度fundamental frequency band/基頻譜帶spurious band/亂真譜帶vibrational-rotational spectrum/振轉(zhuǎn)光譜instruments fo

23、r infrared spectroscopy/紅外光譜儀器fourier transform infrared spect-rometer(FTIR)/傅里葉這換紅外光譜計infrared source/紅外光源infrared beam condenser/紅外光束聚光器infrated polarizer/紅外偏振器studies of complex ions/絡(luò)合物研究dispersive infrared instruments/色散型紅外光譜儀fourier transform instruments/傅立葉變換紅外光譜儀11 Chapter 7 Nuclear Magnetic

24、 Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy/核磁共振波譜學(xué)introduction to NMR Spectroscopy/核磁譜的簡介definition of NMR Spectroscopy/核磁譜學(xué)的定義NMR History/核磁的歷史properties of nuclei/核的性質(zhì)nuclear magnetic resonance,NMR/核磁共振NMR spectrum/核磁共振波譜NMR spectroscopy/核磁共振波譜法continuous wave NMR,CW NMR/連續(xù)波核磁共振fourier transformation NMR spect

25、rum/ FT-NMR/傅立葉變換核磁共振譜proton magnetic resonance spectrum,PMR/質(zhì)子核磁共振譜1H NMR and 13C NMR spectrum/氫譜和碳13核磁共振譜spin angular momentum/自旋角動量magnetogyric ratio/磁旋比magnetic quantum number,m/磁量子數(shù)precession/進動relaxation mechanism/弛豫歷程local diamagnetic shielding/局部抗磁屏蔽shielding constant/屏蔽常數(shù)swept field/掃場seept

26、 frequency/掃頻schematic NMRspectrometer/核磁儀的概圖magnetic anisotropy/磁各向異性long range shielding effect/遠程屏蔽效應(yīng)magnetic eqivalence/磁等價12 spin system/自旋系統(tǒng)chemical shift/化學(xué)位移standard for chemical shift/核磁的內(nèi)標物shielding and deshielding/屏蔽和去屏蔽效應(yīng)spin-spin coupling/自旋-自旋耦合J-coupling/ J-耦合spin-spin coupling/自旋自旋偶合

27、spin=spin splitting/自旋自旋分裂coupling constant/耦合常數(shù)decoupling/去耦nodal plane/結(jié)面factors to affect 1Hchemical shift/影響氫化學(xué)位移的因素signalsplitting for 1H/氫譜的裂分chemical shift - 13C-NMR/碳譜的化學(xué)位移13C-NMR integration/碳譜中積分interpreting NMR spectra/核磁譜的解析2D NMR/二維核磁共振quartet/ quintet/ sextet/四重峰/五重峰/六重峰geminal couplin

28、g /vicinal coupling/偕偶/鄰偶long range coupling/遠程偶合13 second order spectrum/二級光譜（二級圖譜）C-H correlated spectroscopy,C-H COSY/C-H 光譜Chapter 8 Introduction to Electrochemistry/電化學(xué)導(dǎo)論electrochemical analysis/電化學(xué)分析electrolytic analysis method/電解法electtogravimetry/電重量法coulometry/庫侖分析法（電量分析）coulometric titrati

29、on/庫侖滴定法conductometry/電導(dǎo)法conductometric analysis/電導(dǎo)分析法conductometric titration/電導(dǎo)滴定法potentiometry/電位分析法dirext potentiometry 直接電位法potentiometric titration/電位滴定法voltammetry/伏安法polarography/極譜法stripping method/溶出法amperometric titration/電流滴定法chemical double layer/化學(xué)雙電層phase boundary potential/相界電位electr

30、ode potential/金屬電極電位chemical cell/化學(xué)電池liquid junction boundary/液接界面14 galvanic cell/原電池electrolytic cell/電解池cathrode/負極anode/正極eletromotive force/電池電動勢potentials/電極電勢Plank constant/普朗克常數(shù)Nernst equation/能斯特方程indicator electrode/指示電極reference electroade/參比電極Chapter 9 Potentiometry/電位法principles of pot

31、entiometric measurements/電位法測定原理direct potentiometry/直接電位法potentiometric titrations/電位滴定法standard hydrogen electrode/標準氫電極primary reference electrode/一級參比電極standard calomel electrode/飽和甘汞電極silver silver-chloride electrode/銀氯化銀電極liquid junction boundary/液接界面asymmetry potential/不對稱電位apparent PH /表觀 PH

32、值combination PH electrode/復(fù)合 PH電極ion selective electrode/離子選擇電極15 sensor/敏感器crystalline electrodes/晶體電極homogeneous membrance electrodes/均相膜電極heterog eneous membrance electrodes/非均相膜電極non- crystalline electrodes/非晶體電極rigid matrix electrode/剛性基質(zhì)電極electrode with a mobile carrier/流流體載動電極gas sensing elec

33、trodes/氣敏電極enzyme electrodes/酶電極glass electrodes/玻璃電極liquid membrane electrodes/液膜電極solid-state electrodes/固體電極selectivity coefficient/選擇性系數(shù)electrode-ealibration method/電極校正方法standard-addition method/標準加入法Chapter 10Electrolytical Analysis and Coulometry/電解分析法和庫侖法bulk electrolysis: electrogravimetry

34、and coulometry/整體電解:電重量法和庫侖法controlled-Current electrolytical analysis/控制電流電解法controlled -Potentil electrolytical analysis/控制電勢電解法choice of negative potential/負極電位的選擇controlled-Potential coulometry/控制電勢庫侖法coulometric titration/庫侖滴定法coulometric methods/庫侖分析法Chapter 11 Voltammetry and Polarograph/伏安法和

35、極譜法16 polarography/極譜法polarogram/極譜圖polarography Equation/極譜波方程linear-sweep Voltammetry /線性掃描伏安法cyclic voltammetry/循環(huán)伏安法pulse polarographic and voltammetri cmethods/脈沖極譜和伏安法polarography catalytical waves/極譜催化波parallel polarographic catalytic wave/極譜平行催化波hydrogen catalytic wave/氫催化波adsorptive complex

36、 wave/絡(luò)合物吸附波stripping voltammetriy/溶出伏安法anodic stripping voltammetry/陽極溶出伏安法cathodic stripping voltammetry/陰極溶出伏安法Chapter 12 Chromatography: Theory and Concepts/色譜分析法理論與概念concepts and terms/概念及術(shù)語chromatography/色譜法（層析法）chromatography processor/色譜過程stationary phase/固定相mobile phase/流動相peak height/峰高tai

37、ling peak/拖尾峰17 symmetry factor,fs/對稱因子retention time/保留時間external standardization 外標法distribution cofficient/分配系數(shù)partition coefficient/狹義分配系數(shù)plate theory/塔板理論number of theoretical plates/理論塔板數(shù)rate theory/theory of rate/速率理論resolution ,R/分離度separation number,SN/分離數(shù)relative Rf, Rr/相對比移值gas chromatogr

38、aphy,GC/氣相色譜法liquid cromatography,LC/液相色譜法planar, plane chromatography/平板色譜法paper chromatography/紙色譜法thin layer chromatography ,TLC/薄層色譜法thin film chromatography/薄膜色譜法capillary electrophoresis,CE/毛細管電泳法18 high-performance/高效high performance capillary electroporesis,HPEC/高效毛細管電泳法high performance liqu

39、id chromatography,HPLC/高效液相色譜法normal-phase/正相recersed-phase/反相ion-exchange/離子交換gel-filtration/凝膠過濾chromatography applications database/色譜應(yīng)用數(shù)據(jù)庫Chapter 13 Gas chromatography/氣相色譜法chemically bonded phase/化學(xué)鍵合相polydiethylene glycol succinate,PDEGS,DEGS/丁二酸二乙二醇聚酯GDX/高分子多孔微球STY/苯乙烯; EST/乙基乙烯苯; DVB/二乙烯苯wal

40、l coated open tubular column,WCOT/涂壁毛細管柱supprot coated open tubular column,SCOT/載體涂層毛細管柱thermal conductivity detector,TCD/熱導(dǎo)檢測器hydrogen flame ionization detector,FID/氫焰離子化檢測器electron capture detector ,ECD/電子捕獲檢測器noise,N/噪聲drift,d/漂移column chromatography/柱色譜法column selector/柱子的選擇19 microbore packed c

41、olumn 微填充柱instruments in gas chromatography/氣相色譜儀GC/MS: instruments and applications/氣相色譜-質(zhì)譜聯(lián)用技術(shù)Chapter 14 High performance liquid chromatography/高效液相色譜liquid solid chromatography adsorption ,LSC/液-固吸附色譜（液固色譜法）liquid-liquid partition chromatography 液-液分配色譜法（分配色譜）normal phase,NP/正相reversed phase, RP/

42、反相octadecylselyl,ODS/十八烷基isocraic elution/恒組成溶劑洗脫gradient elution/梯度洗脫ion exchange chromatography,IEC/離子交換色譜法chemically bonde phase/化學(xué)鍵合相bonded phase chromatography,BPC/鍵合相色譜法chemically bonded-phase chromatography/化學(xué)鍵合相色譜法ion chromatography,IC/離子色譜法paired ion chromatography,PIC/離子對色譜法ion suppression

43、 chromatography,ISC/離子抑制色譜法steric exclusion chromatography,SEC/空間排阻色譜法size-exclusion chromatography/尺寸排阻色譜20 gel chromatography/凝膠色譜法gel permeation chromatography,GPC/凝膠滲透色譜法gel filtration chromatography,GFC/凝膠過濾色譜法permeation coefficien;Kp/滲透系數(shù)chiral chromatography,CC/手性色譜法chiral stationary phase,CS

44、P/手性固定相cyclodextrin chromatography,CDC/環(huán)糊精色譜法micellar chromatography,MC/膠束色譜法affinity chromatography,AC/親和色譜法supercritical fluid chromatography,SFC/超臨界流體色譜法end capping/封尾、封頂、遮蓋capillary electrophoresis/毛細管電泳instruments in capillary electrophoresis/毛細管電泳儀electroosmotic flow/電滲流criticak micolle concen

45、tration ,CMC/臨界膠束濃度DNA sequencing and capillary array electrophoresis/DNA 序列分析及毛細管陣列電泳ultraviolet detector,UVD/紫外檢測器fluorophotomeric detector,FD/熒光檢測器ECD/電化學(xué)檢測器RID/示差折光檢測器photodiode array detector ,DAD/光電二極管檢測器3D-spectrochromatogram/三維光譜色譜圖evaporative light scattering detector,ELSD/蒸發(fā)光散射檢測器ampere de

46、tector,AD、安培檢測器high performance capillary electrophoresis,HPCE、高效毛細管電泳法mobility/淌度21 electrophoresis/電泳electroosmosis/電滲hydrodynamic injection/動力進樣electrokinetic injection/電動進樣capillary zone electrophoresis,CZE/毛細管區(qū)帶電泳法micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography,MECC/膠束電動毛細管色譜capillary gel electrophoresis,CGE/毛細管凝膠電泳sieving 篩分thin layer plate/薄層板;TLC/薄層色譜法adsorption/吸附activation/活化deactivation/脫活性degree of cross linking/交聯(lián)度exchange capacity/交換容量developing solvent ,devel