1、GWD-TN-6: Verbal錯 18 個。閱讀！語法 4 道 邏輯 3 道-GWD-8-Q1:GWD-13-13Being t she was secretary of labor, Fran Perkins considerable influence with Frlin D. Roosevelt was usedpreventing him from restraining strikes by longshoremen and automobile workers.A.Beingt she was secretary of labor, FranPerkins considerab

2、le influence with Frlin D. Roosevelt was usedpreventingB.C.D.E.As secretary of labor, FranBeing secretary of labor, FranAs secretary of labor, FranPerkins considerable influence with FrPerkins considerable influence with Frlin D. Roosevelt was used to preventlin D. Roosevelt was used preventingPerki

3、ns used her considerable influence with Frlin D. Roosevelt to preventSecretary of labor, FranPerkins considerable influence was used with Frlin D. Roosevelt preventing-GWD-8-Q2:此題將原有的 both 去掉了。因為沒有兩個同類平行Thelonious Monk, who was a jazz pianist and com of Wil(The Lion) Smind Duke Ellington, yeter, pro

4、duced a body of work both rootedhe stridano traditionany ways he stood apart from the mainstream jazz repertory.A.B.C.D.E.Thelonious Monk, who was a jazz pianist and comer, produced a body of work both rootedThelonious Monk, the jazz pianist and comer, produced a body of workt was rooted bothJazz pi

5、anist and comJazz pianist and com Jazz pianist and comer Thelonious Monk, who produced a body of work rooteder Thelonious Monk produced a body of workt was rooteder Thelonious Monk produced a body of work rooted both-GWD-8-Q3:he late 1980s, the population of sea ottershe North Pacific Ocean began to

6、 decline. Of the two plausibleexplanations for the declineincreased predation by killer whales or diseasedisease is the more likely. After all, a concurrent sharp declinehe populations of seals and sea lions was almost certainly caused by a pollution-related disease, which could have spread to sea o

7、tters, whereas the population of killer whales did not change noticeably.Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the reasoning?A.Killer whales out othrey.he North Pacific usually prey on seals and sea lions but will, when this food source is scarce, seekB.There is no indicationthe 19

8、80s.t substantial numbers of sea otters migrated to other locations from the North Pacific inC.Along the Pacific coast of Normericahe 1980s, sea otters were absent from many locations where they hadbeen relatively common in former times.D.Following the declinehe population of the sea otters, there w

9、as an increasehe population of sea urchins,which are sea otters main food source.E. The North Pacific populations of seals and sea lions cover a wider geographic area otters.n does the population of seaGWD-8-Q4-Q6GWD-8-Q4 :According to the passage, Frazier and Mosler be ve which of the following abo

10、ut medical research?Frazier and Mosler assertt medicalresearch could be improved by a move toward larger, simpler clinical trials of medical treatments. Currently, researchers collect far more background information on patientsn is strictly required for theirtrialbstantially moren hospitals collectt

11、hereby escalating costs of dollection, storage, andysis. Although limiting information collection could increase the riskt researchers will overlook facts relevant to a study, Frazier and Mos ler contendt such risk, never entirely eliminable from research, would still be smallost studies. Only in re

12、search on entirely new treatments are new and unexpected variables likely to arise.A.It is seriously flawed as presently conducted because researchers overlook facts t are relevant to the subject of their research.It tends to benefit certain subgroups of patients disproportionay.It routinely reveals

13、 new variables in research on entirely new treatments.It can be made more accurate by limiting the amount of information researchers collect.B.C.D.E.It cannot be freed of the risk variables may be overlooked.t significantFrazier and Moslroe not onlytresearchers limit dollection on individual patient

14、s but alsot researchers enroll more patients in clinical trials, thereby obtaining a more represenive sle of the total population with the disease under study. Often researchers restrict study participation to patients who have no ailments besides those being studied. A treatment judged sucsfuder th

15、ese ideal conditions can then be evaluated under normal conditions.Broadening the range of trial participants, Frazier and Mosler suggest, would enable researchers to evaluate a treatments efficacy for diverse patients under various conditions and to evaluate its effectiveness for different patient

16、subgroups. For exle, the value of a treatment for a progressive disease may vary according to apatients stage of disease. Patients ages may also affecta treatments efficacy.- GWD-8-Q5 :The author mentions patients ages(line 40) primarily inorder toA.identify the most critical variable differentiatin

17、g subgroups of patientscast doubt on the advisability of implementing Frazier and Moslers proals about medical researchindicate why progressive diseases may require different treatments at different stagesB.C.D.illustrate a poabout the value of enrolling awide range of patients in clinical trialsE.s

18、ubstantiate an argument about the problems inherent in enrolling large numbers of patients in clinical trials-GWD-8-Q6 :The passage is primarily concerned withA.identifyino practiedical researcht may affect the accuracy of clinical trialsB.describing aspects of medical research to drive up costst te

19、ndC.evaluating anysis of certainings of current medical researchpractiD.describing proed changes to the ways inwhich clinical trials are conductedE.explaining how medical researchers have traditionally conducted clinical trials and how such trials are likely to change-GWD-8-Q7-Q10GWD-8-Q7 :The passa

20、ge is primarily concerned with discussingThe system of patent-granting, which confers temporary monopo s for the exploiion of new technologies, was originally established as an incentive to the pursuit of risky new ideas. Yet studies of the most patent-conscious business of allthe semiconductor indu

21、strysuggestt firms do notA.a study suggestingt the semiconductor industrysapproach to patenting during the period from 1982 to 1992 yielded unipated resultsa study of the semiconductor industry during the period from 1982 to 1992t advocates certain changeshe industrys management of the patenting pro

22、sB.nesarilye more innovative as they increasetheir patenting activity. Ziedonis and Hall, for exle, foundt investment in research and development (a reasonable proxy for innovation) did not substantially increase betn 1982 and 1992, the industrys most feverish period of patenting. Instead, semicondu

23、ctor firms simply squeezed more patents out of existing research and development expenditures. Moreover, Ziedonis and Hall foundt as patenting activity at semiconductor firms increasedhe 1980s, the consensus among industry employees wast theC.the connection betn patenting and innovation inthe semico

24、nductor industry during the period from 1982 to 1992D.reasonst investment in research anddevelopmenthe semiconductor industry did not increase significantly during the period from 1982 to 1992average quality of their firms patents declined. Though patent quality is a difficult notion to measure, the

25、 number of times a patent is citedhe technical literature is a reasonable yardstick, and ciions per semiconductor patent did decline during the 1980s. This decline in quality may be related to changeshe way semiconductor firms managed their patenting pros: rathern patenting to win exclusive rights t

26、o a valuable new technology, patents were filed more for strategic pures, to be used as bargaining chips to ward off infringement suites or as a means to block competitors products.E.certain factors 1992 a time oft made the period from 1982 to ense patenting activityhesemiconductor industry- GWD-8-Q

27、8 :The passage suggests which of the following about patenting he semiconductor industry during the period from 1982 to 1992 ?A.The declining number of ciions per semiconductor patenthe technical literature undermines thenotion period.t patenting activity increased during this-B.A decline in patent

28、quality forced firms to change the way they managed the patenting pros.Increased efficiencies allowed firms to derive more patents from existing research and development expenditures.Firms emphasis on filing patents for strategic pures may have contributed to a decline in patent quality.Firms attemp

29、ts to derive more patents from existing research and development expenditures may have contributed to a decline in infringement suites.C.D.E.-GWD-8-Q9 :The passage makes which of the following claims about patent qualityhe semiconductor industry?It was higherlater.he early 1980sn it was a decadeA. I

30、t is largely independent of the number of patents granted.B. It changed betn 1982 and 1992 in waystwere linked to changes in research and development expenditures.C. It is not adequay discussedtechnical literature.he industrysB.Many of the highest-quality semiconductor patents are cited numerous tim

31、eshe technical literatureIt is difficult for someone not familiar with the technical literature to recognize what constitutes an innovative semiconductor patentThere were more ciions made per semiconductor patenthe technical literaturehe 1970snhe 1980sD. It was measured by inappropriate means during

32、 the period from 1982 to 1992.- GWD-8-Q10:Which of the following, if true, would most clearly serveC.D.to weaken the authorabout what constitutes areasonable yardstick for measuring patent quality?E.Low-quality patents tend to be discussedhetechnical literature as frequently as high-quality patents.

33、A. It is more difficult to have an article accepted for publicationhe technical literature of the semiconductor industryn it ishe technical literature of most other industries-GWD-8-Q11:There are no legal limits, as there are for cod and haddock, on the size of monkfish contributes to their depletio

34、n through overfishing.t can be caught, a circumstancetA.There are no legal limits, as there are for cod and haddock, on the size of monkfish circumstancet contributes to their depletion through overfishing.t can be caught, aB.There are no legal limits on the size of monkfisht can be caught, unlike c

35、od or haddock, a circumstancetcontributes to depleting them because they are beinerfished.C.There are legal limits on the size of cod and haddock to its depletion through overfishing.t can be caught, but not for monkfish, which contributesD.Unlike cod and haddock, there are no legal size limits on c

36、atching monkfish, which contributes to its depletion by beinerfished.Unlike catching cod and haddock, there are no legal size limits on catching monkfish, contributing to their depletion because they are overfished.E.-GWD-8-Q12:A certain automaker aims to increase its market share by deeply discount

37、ing its vehicles prifor the next several months.The discounts will cuto profits, but because they will be heavily advertised the manufacturer hopest they will attract buyers away from rival manufacturers cars.he longer term, the automaker envist customers initially attractedby the discounts maye loy

38、al customers.In assessing the plans chanof achieving its aim, it would be most useful to know which of the following?A.B.C.D.Whether the automakers competitors are likely to respond by offering deep discounts on their own productsWhether the advertisements will be created by the manufacturers curren

39、t advertising agencyWhether some of the automakers mWhether the automaker will be able to c are in effects will be more deeply discountedn othersostfficiently to maain profit margins even when the discountsE.Whetherternative strategy might enable the automaker to enhance its profitability while hold

40、ing a constantor diminishing share of the market-GWD-8-Q13:Wirecord number of new companies starting up in Derderia, and with previously established companies adding manynew jobs, a record number of new jobs were created last yearhe Derderian economy. This year, previously established companies will

41、 not be adding as many new jobs overall ach companies added last year. Therefore, unless a record number of companies start up this year, Derderia will not break its record for new jobs created.Which of the following is an amption on which the argument re s?A.In a given year, new companies starting

42、up create more new jobs o companies.The number of people seeking employment is no larger this yearagen do previously establishedB.C.n it was last year.This year, the new companies starting up will not provide substantially more jobs per company companies last year.n did newD.Previously established c

43、ompanies in Derderia will be less profitable this yearn such companies were last year.E. The number of jobs created lost.he Derderian economy last year wabstantially largern the number of jobs-GWD-8-Q14: GWD-2-11Many people sufferlergic reaction to certain sulfites, including thoset are commonly add

44、ed to wine aspreservatives. However, since there are several wine makers who add sulfites to none of the wines they produce, people who would like to drink wine but are allergic to sulfites can drink wines produced by these wine makers without risking an allergic reaction to sulfites.Which of the fo

45、llowing is an amption on which the argument depends?A.These wine makers have been able to duplicate the preservative effect produced by adding sulfites by means not involve adding any potentially allergenic substanto their wine.Not all forms of sulfite are equally likely to produce the allergic reac

46、tions. Wine is the only beverage to which sulfites are commonly added.t doB.C.D.E.Apart from sulfites, there are no substancommonly present in winet give rise tolergic reaction.Sulfites are not naturally presenthe wines produced by these wine makers in amounts large enough to produce anallergic reac

47、tion in someho drinks these wines.-GWD-8-Q15:Clouds are formed from the evaporation of the oceans water condensing iny droplets on minute particles of dust.t is warmed by the Sun and rises high o the atmosphere,A.Clouds are formed from the evaporation of the oceans watert is warmed by the Sun and ri

48、ses higho theatmosphere, condensinginy droplets on minute particles of dust.B.Clouds form by the Suns warmth evaporating the watercondensinginy droplets on minute particles of dust.Warmed by the Sun, ocean water evaporates, rises high minute particles of dust to form clouds.he oceans, which rises hi

49、gho the atmosphere,C.o the atmosphere, and condensesiny droplets onD.The waterhe oceans evaporates, warmed by the Sun, rises higho the atmosphere, and condensesinydroplets on minute particles of dust, which forms clouds.E.Ocean water, warmed by the Sun, evaporates and rises high droplets on minute p

50、articles of dust to form as clouds.o the atmosphere, which then condensesiny-GWD-8-Q16: GWD-13-15Concerns about public health led to the construction bet metropolitanton.n 1876 and 1904 of three separate sewer systems to serveA.Concerns about public health led to the construction bet serven 1876 and

51、 1904 of three separate sewer systems toB.Concerns about public health have led to the construction of three separate sewer systems bet 1904 to serven 1876 andC.Concerns about public health have led bet systems for servingn 1876 and 1904 to the construction of three separate sewerD.There were concer

52、ns about public health leading to the construction bet sewer systems servingn 1876 and 1904 of three separateE. There were concerns leading bet servingn 1876 and 1904 to the construction of three separate sewer systems for-GWD-8-Q17:Fossils of a whalet beached on an African shore moren a million yea

53、rs ago and wabsequently bhered by hominids have been recovered by paleontologists.A.t beached on an African shore more havet beached on an African shore more hast beached on an African shore more hasn a million years ago and wabsequently bhered by hominidsB.n a million years ago and then wabsequentl

54、y bhered by hominidsC.n a million years ago, which wabsequently bhered by hominids,D.having been beached on an African shore more haven a million years ago and subsequently bhered by hominids,E.having beached on an African shore more hominids haven a million years ago and then subsequently were bher

55、ed by-GWD-8-Q18:According to a recent study of consumer spending on prescription medications, increaseshe sales of the 50 drugstwere advertised most heavily accounts for almoslf of the $20.8 billion increase in drug spending last year, the remainder of which came from sales of the 9,850 prescription

56、 medicinest companies did not advertise or advertised very little.A.heavily accounts for almos camelf of the $20.8 billion increase in drug spending last year, the remainder of whichB.heavily were whcounted for almoslf of the $20.8 billion increase in drug spending last year; the remainderof the inc

57、rease comingC.heavily accounted for almoslf of the $20.8 billion increase in drug spending last year, the remainder of the increase comingD.heavily, accounting for almos the increase camelf of the $20.8 billion increase in drug spending last year, while the remainder ofE.heavily, which accounted for

58、 almos remainder of it cominglf of the $20.8 billion increase in drug spending last year, with the-。這題雖是PLETE 題，也可當(dāng)作解釋題（BECAUSE）。解釋題的正確只要把原因的主要部分說出即可，不需要MUST BE，其實邏輯里的MUST BE 只有歸納和假設(shè)的充分類。原文還特別用in large part 。E 合理說出了原因的主要部分，雖然沒說出“孩子們的將相應(yīng)減少”，但 E 卻用 supplement，且補充到 comfortable living。即這個標(biāo)準(zhǔn)沒變，給的錢多了，他們的孩

59、子給的就少。2。原文沒提到 GWD-2-12拿和后拿的影響，其實從總體講，先拿后拿反正是拿，沒影響，故 B 不是lawyerWhich of the following most logically completes the passage?Concerned about finanl well-being of its elderly citizens, theernment of Runagia decided two years ago to increaseby 20 percent theernment-provided penpaid to all Runagians over

60、65. Inflationheervening period hasbeen negligible, and the increase has been duly received by all eligible Runagians. Nevertheless, many of them are no better oinanllyn they were before the increase, in large part because .A.B.C.D.E.They rely entirely on theernment penfor theireRunagian bs are so in