1、 如:If it rains tomorrow,we wont go on a park非真實條件句是虛擬語氣的一種，表示與事實相反，如：If I were youj would go with him.so/as long as 只要l !：l as (so) long as,in case 弓I 導。So long as you re happyjt doesnt matter what you do.只要你高興，你做什么都沒有關系。You may borrow my book as long as you keep it clean.只要你保持書的清潔，你就可以把我的書借去。Take y

2、our umbrella in case it rains.帶著你的傘吧，以防下雨。主句與從句時態(tài)一致的問題。在時間狀語從句和條件狀語從句中，主句和從句之間的時態(tài)一致問題一般分下列 兩種情況：.若主句是祈使句，或主句中有情態(tài)動詞，或主句中謂語動詞是一般將來時， 那么從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表示一般將來時。例如：Be careful when you cross the road.過馬路時要小心。Put up your hand if you have any questions to ask.如果你們有問題要問的話,請舉 手。The traffic must stop when the lights

3、are red.紅燈亮時，車輛必須停下。.若主從句謂語動詞都是述過去，那么主從句都可以用一般過去時。例如：She could sing when she was four years old.她四歲的時候就會唱歌。注意:在含有條件狀語從句的復合句中，表示將來時態(tài)，主句是一般將來時態(tài)， 祈使句或情態(tài)動詞，從句要用現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，主將從現(xiàn)原則（主將從現(xiàn)，將并非指將 來時，還指表示將來含義的，跟著if后的那句話是從句。名詞所有格S和Of的用法和區(qū)別1用S表示主要表示有生命的事物或自然界獨一無二的事物以及時間距離等所有格，如the worlds the suns, the earths, todays, y

4、esterdays 等。有生命的人或物的所有 格用飛表示,有時也可用of表示。如a mans voice=the voice of a man 0.單數(shù)名詞詞尾加“飛”，復數(shù)名詞詞尾沒有S,也要加“飛”。例the boy，s bag男孩的書包men s room男廁所.若名詞已有復數(shù)詞尾又是s ,只加例 the workers struggle 工人的斗爭.凡不能加“飛”的名詞，都可以用“名詞+of+名詞”的結構來表示所有關系。例 the title of the song 歌的名字.在表示店鋪或教堂的名字或某人的家時，名詞所有格的后面常常不出現(xiàn)它所 修飾的名詞。例the barbers理發(fā)店

5、.如果兩個名詞并列，并且分別有飛，則表示“分別有”;只有一個&則表示“共 有”。例 Jolm s and Mary s room（兩間）Jolin and Marys 100111（一間）.在復合名詞或短語中，飛加在最后一個詞的詞尾。例 a month or two，s absence.作為一個整體的詞組，一般在最后一個詞的詞尾加飛。例an hour and a half s walk （步行一個半小時的路程）Carol and Charles5 boat （卡咯和查爾斯兩人共有的船）.不定代詞后接else,所有格放在else上。例 somebody else,s bag.下列情況可以將飛所有

6、格中的名詞省略。1）名詞所有格所修飾的詞，如果前面已經提到，往往可以省略，以免重復。例 Tliis notebook is not mine, nor John飛,nor Peters.這個筆記本不是我的，也不 是約翰和比特的。The dictionaiy isnt mine, but Jenny飛.這本詞典不是我的，而是珍妮的。2）名詞所有格后面有指地點等的名詞時，有的在習慣上可以省略。例 Before Cliiistmas, there were lots of customers at the Richarsons the doctois(office)醫(yī)生的診所my uncles(ho

7、use)我叔叔的家.起修飾作用的名詞，如不表示所有關系，通常不用飛。例 room number tooth brush.以-s結尾的單數(shù)普通名詞后仍然加s。如：The boss飛son, was anogant to all the employees.老板的兒子對所有雇傭人員都很 傲慢無禮。但若是以-s結尾的復數(shù)名詞，其后則只加撇號。如：This shop sells ladies? hats.這家商店出售女帽。You dont belong in the beginners class.你不適合在初級班。若是以-s結尾的專有名詞，則既可只加撇號，也可加，s。如：Dickens A Tale

8、 of Two Cities” is a literaiy classic.狄更斯的雙城記是一部古 典文學作品。.若是兒個人共有的，在最后一個后加飛。如：This is Tom and Mike5s room.這是湯姆和邁克共住的房間。.表示時間、距離、金額、天體、國家或城市等的名詞也用s表示。如：Ifs less than two hours，drive fiom here.開車到那里不到 2 個鐘頭。We visited some of the citys scenic spots.我們參觀了這座城市的一些風景區(qū)。.飛所有格后的名詞若是不言而喻時，或者是某人的住所、店鋪、診所等時， 通常省

9、略。如：We had a great evening at PauPs.我們在保羅家度過了 一個愉快的夜晚。She bought a bottle of vitamin tablets at the chemists.她在藥房買了 一瓶維生素 片。2用of表示.名詞的所有格形式除飛外，還可用of+名詞構成短語修飾前面的名詞或表示兩 個名詞間的所有關系。.使用名詞所有格須注意：一般地說，飛所有格多用于有生命的東西，of所有 格多用于無生命的東西，但也有許多例外。1）表示天體的名詞的所有格用&例 the suns heat the moons surface2）表示地區(qū)機構的名詞的所有格用例 th

10、e citys developmentthe goveniments plan3）表示度量與貨幣價值的所有格用例 ten kilometres distance200 dollars worth of goods4）表示“有關”非所有關系的用of介詞短語。例 students of the school the statue of liberty5）表示同位關系的用of介詞短語。例 the city of Pisa6）表示部分或全部的用of介詞短語。例 the bottom of the sea the majority of people7）表示抽象概念的用of介詞短語。例 the cost

11、 of living the news of success8）名詞本身帶有后置修飾語或含有“the +形容詞”表示一類人，其所有格用of介 詞短語。例 the housing problem of the poorthe skills of the workers who have been well trained9）有些表示時間、距離等無生命和表示世界、國家、城鎮(zhèn)等的名詞，也可以在詞 尾加飛或變成相應的所有格。例five minuteswalk五分鐘的路程today?s newspaper 今天的報紙10）無生命的東西的所有格一般用。f表示。如：Lets meet in the bar

12、of the hotel.咱們在旅館的酒吧間碰頭。Yoifll find the answers at the back of the book.在書后你可找到答案。注：有生命的人有時也可川of構成所有格。如:Might I ask for a photograph of the baby?我可否要一這寶寶的照片？3飛和of雙重表示我父親的兩個朋友來看我當被修飾的名詞前有指示代詞、疑問代詞、不定代詞或數(shù)詞等限定詞時.，用雙重 所有格。雙重所有格即“of +名詞飛所有格”，表示整體中的一個或部分。用于 修飾of前面的名詞，但此時of前面的名詞一定要有一個a(an), two, any, some

13、, several no, few, another 或 this, that, these, those 之類的修飾語(這個修飾語 一般不能是one和the)。雙重所有格也可由“of+名詞性物主代詞”構成，如：a friend of mine我的一位朋友。如：我父親的兩個朋友來看我Two friends of my fathers came to see me.You are certain to be happy with any relative of Mrs. Moores.你和穆爾夫人的任 何親屬在一起肯定是會很快樂的。Do you know any friends of my hu

14、sbands?Two classmates of my sisters will come to join us.注：在雙重所有格中，用作介詞補足成分的所有格的名詞必須是確定特指的，而 且一般指人。例 an old fiiend of my father1 s(=one of my fathers old fhends)我父親的一個老朋 友this lovely baby of my aunt飛我姨媽的可愛的孩子高中英語句型歸納be doing/ be about to do/be on the point of domg / had donewhen. (when:這時，強調 一 4、 動作

15、的突然發(fā)生). I was walking along the river, when I heard a drowning boy cry for help. I was about to leave when it began to rain. I had just finished my test paper when the bell rang, announcing the exam was over.It was (not) +時間段+before +一般過去時 過了一段時間就It will (not )be+時間段+before+一般現(xiàn)在時 要過一段時間才會It is/ has

16、been + 時間段+ smeeIt was + 點時間 + when.It was +時間狀語+ that .(強調句). It was not long before he sensed the danger of the position,不久他就意識到他處境危險(動 作已發(fā)生). It will be half a year before you graduate from the school.還有半年你才從這個學校畢業(yè)(動 作未發(fā)生). It is 3 years since he worked here.=he left hcre.(since 從句中的謂語動詞若是延續(xù)性動詞，要

17、 從這個動作結束的時候算起). It was 3 oclock when they received the telephone.It was at 3 oclock that they received die telephone.once一旦,表示時間和條件I )Once you understand what the teacher explained, you will have no difficulty doing the work. Once you have decided to do something, you should finish it and do it well

18、.The +比較級，出e+比較級越，越The more books you read, the more knowledge you will get.whether.無論是.還是. Whether the weather is good or bad. they will set off as they planned. Any person, whether young or old. has his own worth.6.祈使句+or/otherwise+結果句 或 祈使句+ and +結果句. Stop doing such foolish thing, or you will be

19、 punished in time. More effort, and the problem would have been settled.7.every time/ each time/ next time/ the first time/ any time 等短語引導時間狀語從句，表示“每 當.,每次.，下次.”. Every time you meet with new words while reading, dont always refer to your dictionary. (When you meet with new words every timeNext time

20、 you come . do remember to bring your son here.You are welcome to come back any time you want to.There is (no) need to do/ for (It is( not )necessarr for sb. to doTliere is( no )hope/ chance / possibility of doing.There is( no )difficulty/ trouble/ point/ delay( in )doing. Is there any chance of us/

21、 our winning the match?. There is no point in discussing the problem again.There be句型：there be之后如有幾個并列主語，be動詞的選擇要取決于第一個主語，即 就近原則。1). There is a pen and two books on the desk.- There are two books and a pen on the desk.There be句型中,be動詞還有其他變化形式,常見的有：There seem to be.There happen to be. There used to b

22、e. There is likely to be. There have been/has been 等. There seems/ appears to be much hope of our team winning the match. There happened to be nobody in the room when I came in. There have been great changes in my hometown since 1978. There used to be a bus station at the corner of the street. There

23、 are likely to be more difficulties than expected while we are carrying out the plan. it強調句：基本構成形式：It is/ was +被強調部分+ who/ that+原句剩余部分e.g.: I met him in the street yesterday afternoon.(It was I who/ that met him in the street yesterday afternoon.(強調是我,不是別人)(It was him who/ that I met in the street y

24、esterday aftemoon.(強調我遇見的是他,不是別人)(It was in the street that I met him yesterday afternoon.(強調是在大街上，不是在別 的地方， 強調的是地點，但不用where)(It was yesterday afternoon that Imel him in the street (強調是 昨天下午，不是在別 的時候， 強調的是時間，但不用when).do, did. does用于強調謂語動詞，加強語氣. He is a good student.- He does be a good student. He he

25、lped us yesterday. ( He did help us yesterday. Be careful! ( Do be careful!not/ never until 直到才. The villagers didnt realize how serious the pollution was until all the fish died in the river.(It was not until all the fish died in the river that the villagers realized how serious the pollution was.(

26、強調句)(Not until all the fish died in the river did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was.(倒裝 句)not onlybut (also)引導并列結構：主語時，謂語動詞與鄰近的一個主語保持一致。. Not only the teacher but also the students have their eyes examined regularly. They suggested we should not only attend the party, but give a pe

27、rformance.(They suggested we should give a performance as well as attend the partynot onlybut (also).引導并列句時，not only引導的部分置于句首時要部分倒裝. Not only was everything he had taken away, but also his German citizenship was taken away. Not only should we students study hard, but also we should know how to enjoy

28、 ourselves in our spare time.would rather +從句(從句要用虛擬語氣，即從句中謂語動詞用一般過去式，表示現(xiàn)在或 將來的愿望;從句中謂語動詞用過去完成時，表示對過去的愿望). I d rather you posted the letter right now.我想讓你現(xiàn)在就把信寄出去。. A friend of yours will come to see you today.你的一位朋友今天要來看你Id rather he came here tomorrow.我倒情愿他明天來。. Fd rather you were not a celebrated

29、 actor. In that case, we could spend more time togetlier. 我 倒情愿你不是什么名演員，這樣我們可以有更多的時間在一起。. Fd rather I hadnt seen her yesterday.我情愿昨天沒見到她。so, neither/ nor引導得倒裝句表示“另一者也如如此“及前者的情況也適用于后者，用s。, neither/nor引導得倒裝句，助動 詞的選擇依據(jù)前一句的謂語動詞。. He has finished his homework, so have I. My sister prefers coffee, so do I

30、. John cant ride a bicycle, neither/ nor can I.若前句的謂語動詞既有肯定又有否定形式時，或謂語動詞不屬于一類時，用It is /was the same with sb. 或 So it is/ was with sb.I). He is a worker and he works hard, so it is with John.若后一句是對前一句所說的容表示贊同或認可，則主語和謂語不倒裝。. It is cold today. Yes. So it is. He visited Tokyo last week. Yes. So he did.倍

31、數(shù)表達法:A + 謂語+倍數(shù)+the +n.(size/ height/ length)+of BA + 謂語+倍數(shù)+as + abj. + as BA+謂語+倍數(shù)+adj.比較級+than B( A +謂語+adj.比較級+thanB+by+倍數(shù) l ).This square is twice the size of that one.(This square is twice as large as that one.(This square is once larger than that one.This factory produced three times as many ca

32、rs as they did 10 years ago.He is 3 years older than 1-( He is older than I by 3 years16.as/with表示“隨進展“，as后面接句子,with后面接短語I). With the industry developing, the pollution is becoming more and more serious.(As the industry develops, the pollution is becoming more and more serious.with的復合結構(作狀語或作定語)with

33、+ n. +adj. (with 可以省略).(With) the street wet and slippery, we had to ride our bikes slowly and carefully.(Because the street were wet and slippery,. The students were listening to the teacher, (with)their eyes wide open.(The students were listening to the teacher, and their eyes were wide open.with+

34、 n. +adv. (with 可以省略)1). He put on his coat hurriedly, (with) the wrong side outwith+ n. +prep-phrase (with 可以省略). The old man was seated in the sofa, (with) a pipe in his mouth.(AIso: pipe in mouth) with+ n.+ to do/ to be done (動詞不定式的動作還未進行) with+ n.+ doing/ being done (動詞不定式的動作正在進行) with+ n.+ done

35、 (動詞不定式的動作已經完成或指n.所處的狀態(tài)). With so many problems to settle, the newly-elected president is having a hard year. He was lying in bed, with his eyes fixed on the ceiling. With the temple being repaired, we cant visited it.18.以here, there, in, out, up, down等副詞開頭的倒裝句(多用一般現(xiàn)在時表示正在進行的動 作。). Here comes the bu

36、s! (=The bus is coming here!). Away he went.他走遠了(若主語是代詞則主語與謂語不倒裝)19.方位狀語位于句首時的倒裝句. In front of the house stopped a police car.Under the tree sat a boy, with a book in his hand.20.具有否定意義的副詞或短語位于句首時句子要部分倒裝，常用的此有：little, never, seldom, hardly, rarely, no sooner, in no time, by no means, in no case 等. N

37、ot a single mistake did he make in the exam. In no time did the man realize what was happening.In no case can you tell him the truth. Hardly had the train left when he remembered he had left his suitcase on it.No sooner had the train left than he remembered he had left his suitcase on it.21.the mome

38、nt, the minute, immediately, directly, on doing.表示“一就“. On arriving (his arrival )at the airport, he was surrounded by the reporters. Have you give John the book? -Yes, the moment I saw him.while/but ： while側重兩者之間的對比，but多指一件事的兩個對立面。. He likes listening to music while I like watching TV. I badly want

39、ed that book but I havent enough money.only to do作結果狀語，多用來表示出人意料、結局令人沮喪的結果。動詞多是終結性 的詞，如：find, learn, to be told, to be caught 等. His father disappeared, never to heard from again. He hurried to his office, only to be told that he was dismissed.24.only+狀語的結構放在句首，主句要部分倒裝. The teacher told me that only

40、 in that way, could I learn English well. I received my mother call at 1 la.m., only then did I remember it was my birthday today.25. taste, smell, look, sound, feci等感官動詞作為系動詞后面要接adj,作表語。. Apple of this kind taste very nice. Smelling nice, this kind of bread sells well.26.有些動詞常用作不及物動詞與well或easily連用，

41、表示某物具備的某種特征。常用的詞 有 sell, cut, wash, last, bum 等。.His latest work sells well. Dry wood burns easily.27.否定詞與比較級連用，表達最高級的含義.1 have never seen a better film.1 can t agree you more,我非常同意28.lt的句型.不定式作主語，it作形式主語：It +系動詞+adj./ n.+ for sb. to do (for sb,表示動詞不定式動作的執(zhí)行者)It +系動詞+adj.+ of sb. to do (of sb.既表示動詞不定

42、式動作的執(zhí)行者有表示人所具備的性質 或特征). It，s important for us to have a good knowledge of English. How rude of him to treat a child like that!. Its thoughtful of him to fix us up for the night.不定式作賓語，it作形式賓語：主語+think/ consider/believe/ make/ feel+ it +adj./n. +for sb./ of sb. +to do. I feel it foolish of him to bel

43、ieve such a man. The timely rain had made it possible for the crops to grow well.It is said/ thought/ hoped- believedthatSb. is said thought/ hoped,- believed to do. It is said that he is studying abroad.- He is said to be studying abroad.It is considered that many countries highly value Chinas role

44、 in helping worlds peace.(Many countries is considered to highly value Chinas role in helping worlds peace.It is time to do/ It is time that +主語+動詞的一般過去式 該是做.的時候了l ).It is time that we ended the discussion.29.虛擬語氣中的重點句型If +were/ did (動詞過去式)，主語+情態(tài)動詞(would, could, might, should)+do(用 來表示對現(xiàn)在情況的假設).I do

45、nt have a cell phone. If I had one , it would be convenient fbr me to contract others.If +had done (過去完成式),主語+情態(tài)動詞(would, could, might, should)+havedone(用來表示對過去情況的假設), If I had gone to the concert, I would have seen the famous singer.If +were/ did (動詞過去式),主語+情態(tài)動詞(would, could, might, should)+ dowere

46、 to do should do (用來表示對將來情況的假設) If I were not to take/ should take/ took the exam tomorrow, I would go shopping with you. 虛擬語氣條件句的倒裝：在虛擬語氣條件句中，如果出現(xiàn)助動詞were, should had, 可省略if,把這些詞提到主語前而，變成倒裝句。.Should he act like tliat again, he would be fined. (If he should act like tliat againWere he to act like tha

47、t again, he would be fined. (If he were to act like that agaui*If he acted like that again(不可以倒裝)Had the doctor come in time last night, the boy would have been saved.(If the doctor had come in time last night,.If I had time now, I would go to the film with you.(不可以倒裝，因為句中的had不是助動 詞)But for If it we

48、re not for/ If it hadn-t been fbr.But fbr the deteniuned captam, all the passengers on board wouldnt have been saved.(If it hadnt been fbr the deteniuned captam, all the passengers on board.But fbr your rich parents, you wouldnt live such a easy life.(If it were not fbr your rich parents, you wouldn

49、t live such a easy life.再 suggest, insist, demand, require, request, order, advise, propose 等表示建議、要求、命令、主 的動詞引導的名詞性從句中，從句的謂語動詞要用(should )do的形式0). Mother insisted that John (should) go to bed before 9 oolock.對比：He insisted that I had taken away his dictionary.(不是建議、要求、命令或主).His suggestion that Tony (

50、should) be invited to the party was refused4同位語從句) 對比：His words suggested that he was very angry with me.(不是建議、要求、命令或主) 30. as if- as though.(表示與事實相反，用虛擬;若表示即將成為事實或有可能成為事實，則 用述語氣). He was in great trouble, but he acted as if nothing had happened. Although they just met for the first time, they talke

51、d as if they had been friends for many years 3). The clouds are gathering. It looks as if it is going to rain.3L n. /adj. / adv. / v. + as / though +主語+謂語，盡管,引導讓步狀語從句l ).ChiId as he isalready know what career I want to follow. Try as he might, he conldn t solve the problem. Much as I respect him, I

52、cant agree with liis idea.32. rather thanl ).It is better to ask for help at the beginning rather than to wait until a busy period when everyone is rushed off their feet.2).It is the boss who is to blame rather than the workers.33.疑問詞+ever = no matter +疑問詞，引導讓步狀語從句或名詞性從句. Whichever(=No matter which)

53、 you like, you can take it away .(讓步狀語從句)You can take away whichever(=any one that) you like (名詞性從句). Whenever you comes, you will be welcome.(讓步狀語從句). Whatever happens, I will support you.(讓步狀語從句). Whoever breaks the law, he will certainly be punished.(讓步狀語從句)Whoever breaks the law will certainly b

54、e punished.(名詞性從句). However great the difficulty is, we can overcome it.(讓步狀語從句)if? as long as/so long as/ providing that/ provided that/ supposing that/ on condition that 假如. I will lend you money on condition that you can return it within 3 months.given that/ considering that 考慮到,鑒于. Given her int

55、erest in children/ Given that she is interested m children. Tm sure teachmg is the right career for her. Considering his age and his experience, he has done well.in case tliat/ in case of 萬一，以防. In case of fire, please dial 119 at once. In case that John comes/ John should come, tell him to wait.37.

56、can never/ can,t 與 too, too much, enough, over-搭配表示“無論怎樣.都不過分”. While you are domg your homework, you cant be careful enough. He is such a great man that we can 1 praise hini too much. William Hartley was handsome, deteniimed and hardworking, in a word. I couldnt speak too highly of him. The develop

57、ment of society has made it necessary for us to have a good knowledge of English, so we cant overemphasize die importance of learning English. Since it is a good thing, we can t do it too soon.38.表示過去原打算干，卻未曾實現(xiàn)的愿望、打算或意圖had hoped to do=hopcd to have done.。 類彳以的詞還有：expect, think, intend, design, plan,

58、 mean, suppose 等would like/prefer/ love to have donewas/ wee to have donewas/were supposed to have done. Did you go to see the film Titanic、last night?I d like to have, but I had ail unexpected guest. The plane was to have take off at 7 this morning. but was held up by the heavy fog.高中英語祈使句的五種結構1英語祈

59、使句都有哪些結構肯定結構Do型（即：動詞原形（+賓語）+其它成分）。如：Please have a seat here.請這邊坐。有的祈使句在意思明確的情況下，動詞可省略。如：This way,please. = Go this way,please.請這邊走。Be型（即:Be +表語（名詞或形容詞）+其它成分）。如:Be a good boy!要做一個好 孩子！Let型（即:Let +賓語+動詞原形+其它成分）。如：Let me help you.讓我來 幫你。否定結構Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加dont構成：如：Dont forget me!不要忘記我!Dont make such a noise.不要這么吵。Dont be late for school!上學不要遲到?。ㄊ窍当斫Y構 也就是沒有行為動詞 但是有形容詞的那種就可以使用Doni be,有行為動詞的就不能這么