1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專心-專注-專業(yè)專心-專注-專業(yè)精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上專心-專注-專業(yè)輕鋼住宅結(jié)構(gòu)大解析，一文秒懂傳統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)無法相比的優(yōu)越性能Light Steel House Structure Analysis, helping you understand its advantages which traditional structure can not compare to傳統(tǒng)的磚混結(jié)構(gòu)是由紅磚一塊一塊砌筑而成，硬度雖然很大，但韌性較差，抗震能力低；而輕鋼結(jié)構(gòu)建筑，以輕鋼結(jié)構(gòu)龍骨作為承重結(jié)構(gòu)，從墻面系統(tǒng)、樓面系統(tǒng)及屋頂結(jié)構(gòu)等系統(tǒng)到各種配套材料，充

2、分展示了建筑節(jié)能的最新技術(shù)，比之傳統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)，有著無法相比的優(yōu)越性能。這種結(jié)構(gòu)建筑到底有多優(yōu)越，我們一起去看看吧！The traditional brick masonry structure is constructed by red brick block by block. Although it is very hard, it has poor tenacity and low seismic capacity. While light steel structure uses light-steel keel as bearing structure and from walls, f

3、loor and roof structure to all supporting materials it fully demonstrate the latest technology of energy-efficiency construction. Compared to traditional structure, it has an incomparable superiority. So how superior it is on earth? Let us take a look at it.（1）輕質(zhì)樓面系統(tǒng) Light Weight Floor System其樓蓋由冷彎薄

4、壁C型鋼樓面梁與鋪于樓面梁上的結(jié)構(gòu)面板組成。樓面梁一般跨度為36m6.0m，樓面梁高為200300mm，樓面梁間距為600毫米。樓面梁腹板上預(yù)開孔，這樣對于管線的穿越與布置極為方便。結(jié)構(gòu)面板通常采用定向刨花板；也可以選擇在定向刨花板上再澆筑40mm的細(xì)石混凝土。輕質(zhì)樓蓋根據(jù)不同的設(shè)計(jì)要求，每平方米可承受最大500公斤的荷載。The floor system is composed of cold-curved thin C steel floor beam and a structural slab on the floor. The normal span of floor beam is

5、3.6m-6.0m, the height of floor beam is 200-300mm, and the width of the floor beam is 600mm. Pre opening on floor beam web is convenient for pipeline crossing and layout. The structural slab usually uses OSB(Oriented Strand Board); 40mm fine concrete can also be casted to OSB. Based on different desi

6、gn requirements, the light weight floor can bear 500 kg per square meter at most.（2）墻體結(jié)構(gòu) Wall Structure承重墻由立柱、頂導(dǎo)梁和底導(dǎo)梁、支撐、墻體結(jié)構(gòu)面板組成。立柱為C形輕鋼構(gòu)件，其壁厚根據(jù)所受的荷載而定，通常為0752mm，立柱間距一般為400600mm，立柱的下端為開口朝上的底導(dǎo)梁，立柱上端為開口向下的頂導(dǎo)梁；為提高墻柱的穩(wěn)定性，一般墻柱高度范圍內(nèi)設(shè)12道水平鋼拉條或撐桿。這種墻體結(jié)構(gòu)布置方式，可有效承受并可靠傳遞豎向荷載，且布置方便。Load-bearing wall is compose

7、d of column, top beam, bottom beam, support and wall structure panel. The column is of C-shaped light steel structure and its wall thickness is determined by the load, normally 0.75-2mm. The distance between columns is 400-600mm. The lower end of the column is bottom beam with an upside opening and

8、the top of the column is top beam with a downward opening; In order to enhance the stability of the wall column, there are usually 1-2 horizontal steel brace or support poles within height of wall column. This kind of layout could effectively bear and reliably pass vertical load and is quite conveni

9、ent for setting.為抵抗水平風(fēng)荷載與地震作用，輕鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅體系中抗側(cè)力體系、抗剪墻可采用墻體結(jié)構(gòu)面板、交叉支撐或K型支撐形式。用作抗剪墻的結(jié)構(gòu)面板可采用定向刨花板、石膏板、水泥纖維板及薄鋼板。上下樓層之間通過連接件可靠連接，以有效傳遞水平剪力與和上拔力。To resist horizontal wind load and earthquake, the lateral load resisting system and shear wall in the light weight steel structure can adopt wall structure panel, cr

10、oss support or K-shape support. The structural slab for shear wall could use OSB, plasterboard, fiber cement board and sheet steel. The upper and lower are joined together through a reliable connection so as to effectively pass the horizontal shear force and uplift force.（3）屋面結(jié)構(gòu) Roof Structure屋面結(jié)構(gòu)采用

11、輕鋼桁架的方式作為屋面的主要承重結(jié)構(gòu)。屋面桁架的間距根據(jù)屋面荷載的不同可以按照3001200mm布置。屋面桁架上部可以用輕型的檁條，檁條跨度最大可以做到1800mm。屋面的圍護(hù)可以根據(jù)客戶的需求采用傳統(tǒng)的水泥瓦、陶瓦，或者是時(shí)尚的多彩瀝青瓦或顏色豐富的金屬屋面板。由于整個(gè)屋面系統(tǒng)都是空間桁架，重慶鋼結(jié)構(gòu)公司整個(gè)屋面的保溫隔熱都可以集成到斜屋面和平吊頂兩部分，中間的空間可以通風(fēng)，讓整個(gè)建筑更加透氣，成為可以呼吸的房屋。The roof structure adopts light steel truss as main load bearing structure of the roof. Th

12、e distance between the trusses is usually 300-1200mm based on the roofs load. The upper part of the truss can use light purline and the largest span of the purline can reach 1800mm .The roof enclosure can use traditional cement tile, ceramic tile, or colorful asphalt shingles or colorful metal roof

13、panel.Because the whole roof system is space truss. The heat preservation and heat insulation of Chongqing steel structure companys roof can be integrated into pitched roof and flat ceiling. The space in the middle is for ventilation to make the whole building more ventilated and make the building a

14、 house that can breathe. 防腐蝕性能 Corrosion Resistance Performance由于我國幅員遼闊，建筑材料需要滿足各個(gè)地區(qū)、各種環(huán)境的要求。參照國家頒布的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，對于高腐蝕性地區(qū)或特殊建筑物，鍍鋅量應(yīng)不低于275g/（雙面）或鍍鋁鋅150g/（雙面），并應(yīng)滿足現(xiàn)行國家或行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的規(guī)定。這一規(guī)定與澳洲的規(guī)定一致。根據(jù)博思格鋼鐵澳洲研發(fā)中心的研究數(shù)據(jù)分析，鍍鋅鋼板和鍍鋁鋅鋼板作為結(jié)構(gòu)使用與暴露在建筑外部，鍍層消耗的速度會有很大的差別。即使在同一個(gè)建筑物內(nèi)部，由于建筑各部分密封效果各不相同，造成大氣腐蝕環(huán)境的不一致。由于鍍鋁鋅鍍層表面有鋁和鋅兩種材料，鋁更

15、加容易被腐蝕，產(chǎn)生極其致密的AL2O3，這些鋁的氧化物覆蓋在鋼板表層，更好地隔絕了鍍層鋼板與外界腐蝕環(huán)境的接觸。因此鍍鋁鋅層在室內(nèi)環(huán)境中的預(yù)測壽命遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)長于我們要求的結(jié)構(gòu)壽命，可達(dá)到200年以上；即使在通風(fēng)環(huán)境很不好的板材之間，預(yù)測壽命也能達(dá)到75年。Since our country is populated and large, construction material needs to satisfy requirements of various areas and environment. According to standard issued by the state, for

16、highly corrosive region or special buildings, mass of Zn coat should not be less than 275g/（two sides）or galvalume 150g/（two sides）, and should follow provisions of existing national or industry standards. This provision is consistent with Australias.According to research data analysis of BlueScope

17、R&D Center of Australia, the consumption speed of galvanized steel plate and aluminium zinc steel plate coat for being used as structure and being exposed to exterior building is quite different. Even within the same building, different sealing effects of each part of the building result in differen

18、t atmosphere corrosion environment. Since there are two materials- zinc and aluminum on coating surface of Galvalume, and aluminum is easier to corrode and produce extremely dense AL203. These aluminum oxide cover on the surface of the steel to better cut off coated steels contact with outside corro

19、sive environment. Therefore the predicted life of galvalume in the indoor environment is much longer that what we require for the structure which reaches more than 200 years; Even between poorply ventilated plates, the life expectancy can reach 75 years. 節(jié)能降耗性能 Energy Efficiency Performance根據(jù)對輕鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅

20、與傳統(tǒng)住宅形式的節(jié)能降耗性能的比較，能夠明顯地看出輕鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅的優(yōu)勢。技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)主要是由建筑結(jié)構(gòu)的導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)、蓄熱系數(shù)和每平方米每日能耗來評價(jià)。根據(jù)對輕鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅和傳統(tǒng)的鋼混結(jié)構(gòu)住宅所作的對比實(shí)驗(yàn)，傳統(tǒng)鋼混結(jié)構(gòu)住宅的導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)在0065008Wmk之間，輕鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅的導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)在0055007之間，輕鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅的導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)比傳統(tǒng)鋼混結(jié)構(gòu)住宅降低了001Wmk；傳統(tǒng)鋼混結(jié)構(gòu)住宅的蓄熱系數(shù)在095110w/mk之間，輕鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅的蓄熱系數(shù)在130140Wmk之間，輕鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅的蓄熱系數(shù)比傳統(tǒng)鋼混結(jié)構(gòu)住宅降低了03Wmk。同時(shí)，由于輕鋼結(jié)構(gòu)體系的自重較輕且結(jié)構(gòu)靈活，在滿足結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)度要求的基礎(chǔ)上，能夠很好地集

21、成各項(xiàng)保溫節(jié)能技術(shù)，除了在墻的墻柱間填充玻璃纖維外，還采用在墻外側(cè)再貼一層保溫材料的“外墻外保溫”做法，有效隔斷了通過墻柱至外墻板的熱橋；樓層之間樓面梁內(nèi)填充玻璃纖維，減少通過樓層的熱傳遞；所有內(nèi)墻墻體的墻柱之間均填充玻璃纖維，減少戶墻之間的熱傳遞。The light steel structure residence has an obvious advantage over traditional residence on energy efficiency. The technical and economic indicators are mainly assessed by heat

22、 conductivity, thermal storage coefficient and daily energy consumption per square meter of building structure. According to a comparison test between light steel and traditional reinforced concrete structure, the thermal conductivity of traditional reinforced concrete structure is 0065008Wmk and th

23、e thermal conductivity of light steel structure is between 0055007, a 001Wmk drop compared to traditional structure. And the thermal storage coefficient of traditional reinforced concrete structure is 095110w/mk while the light steel structure is between 130140Wmk, a 03Wmk decrease compared with tra

24、ditional reinforced concrete structure.Meanwhile, since light steel structure is light and flexible, it could effectively integrate all kinds of thermal insulation and energy saving technology. In addition to filling the glass fiber between wall columns, external wall insulation technology is also a

25、dopted-add a layer of insulation material to the wall which effectively cut off the heat bridge between wall columns and exterior wall panel; The floor beams are filled with glass fiber to reduce the heat transfer through floors; Glass fiber is filled between wall columns of all internal wall panels

26、 to reduce heat transfer between walls. 防火性能 Fireproof Performance暴露的輕鋼結(jié)構(gòu)在550的高溫下，一般在15分鐘左右就會喪失承重能力而垮塌。但通過油漆、復(fù)合或加厚圍護(hù)材料，在圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)上運(yùn)用一些防火性能比較好的材料，可以確保整個(gè)住宅的防火性能達(dá)到規(guī)范的要求。從目前輕鋼結(jié)構(gòu)別墅的實(shí)踐情況來看，經(jīng)過特殊防火處理的輕鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅能夠滿足防火規(guī)范的要求。在國家固定滅火系統(tǒng)和耐火構(gòu)件質(zhì)量監(jiān)測中心的實(shí)件檢測中，博思格鋼鐵配備雙面雙層石膏板的墻體耐火實(shí)驗(yàn)，承重墻體可以達(dá)到1.22小時(shí)的耐火極限。Exposed to high temperatur

27、e of 550 for around 15 minutes, the light steel structure will lose load bearing capacity and collapse. However, through painting, compounds and thickening the enclosure materials and use of some good fireproof materials on enclosure structure, fireproof property of the whole house can meet requirem

28、ents of specifications.From the practice of light steel villa, the light steel structure with special fireproof treatment can meet requirements can meet requirements of fireproof specifications. During the test in National Quality Monitoring Center for fixed fire extinguishing systems and refractory

29、 components, for walls fire resistance test, the fire resistance limit of the load bearing wall made of Bluescope steel with double-side double-layer plasterboard can reach 1.22hrs. 隔聲性能 Soundproof Property輕鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅由于受力構(gòu)件自重較輕，且中間基本上為中空結(jié)構(gòu)，很容易形成“鼓膜”效應(yīng)，因此撞擊隔音效果很差。為了滿足空氣隔音和撞擊隔音的綜合要求，在輕鋼結(jié)構(gòu)住宅中，可以采用內(nèi)外墻及樓蓋擱柵間填

30、充玻璃棉，來有效阻止通過空氣傳播的音頻部分。試驗(yàn)表明，填充玻璃棉能夠使結(jié)構(gòu)的空氣隔音效果得到進(jìn)一步的提高，達(dá)到50dB以上，在進(jìn)行圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)處理之前，就能夠達(dá)到居住的要求。Since light weight structure is light in weight and the middle part is basically hollow which is easy to form tympanum effect. Therefore, impact sound insulation effect is very poor. To meet comprehensive requiremen

31、ts of airborne sound insulation and impact sound insulation, glass fiber can be filled between interior wall and exterior wall and between floor joist to effectively insulate airborne sound. The test proves that glass fiber could help enhance soundproof property of the structure which could reach 50

32、dB. Residence requirements can be met before enclosure treatment. 防潮性能 Dampproof在輕鋼住宅的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)配置中，整個(gè)墻體的外圍使用單向呼吸紙對整個(gè)墻體進(jìn)行防潮密封。這種密封可以在隔絕室外潮氣進(jìn)入室內(nèi)的同時(shí)，避免室外大氣中的有害物質(zhì)腐蝕金屬材料，也可以排除室內(nèi)的潮氣。而整個(gè)墻體用到的石膏板也成為可以呼吸的墻體。呼吸紙和防潮膜可以保證金屬產(chǎn)品在密封而干燥的空間有更加長久的壽命，也可以讓室內(nèi)的空氣更加干爽。而在屋面，帶鋁箔貼面的保溫棉可以完全隔絕潮濕空氣的進(jìn)入，避免金屬結(jié)構(gòu)直接暴露在戶外腐蝕環(huán)境中。另外，輕鋼結(jié)構(gòu)具有自重輕的特點(diǎn)

33、。對于一些交通不太便利的山區(qū)和農(nóng)村，在運(yùn)輸不便利的情況下可以降低整個(gè)運(yùn)輸?shù)某杀?、還可以降低現(xiàn)場重型機(jī)械的利用，從而節(jié)約施工工期和施工成本。輕鋼結(jié)構(gòu)的材料本身并不是高科技，但由于鋼材的加工特性，我們盡最大可能地實(shí)現(xiàn)工廠加工來降低現(xiàn)場施工的周期和成本。以鋼材為主要原材料的輕鋼住宅體系對環(huán)境更加友好，100%的鋼材都可以回收再利用，整個(gè)施工過程中的干法施工大幅減低對大自然水資源的利用和污染，也大大提高了現(xiàn)場施工的速度。In a standard configuration of light weight house, the whole outer wall sues one-way breathi

34、ng paper to seal the wall and resist moisture. This kind of seal can prevent the outdoor dampness from entering indoor meanwhile protect harmful materials in the atmosphere corroding the metals and remove the moisture inside the room. The plasterboard used for the whole wall can also breathe. The breathing paper and moisture-proof membrane can ensure that the metal products are sealed and dry and have a longer life span, and can also make the air in the room drier.The material of light weight