1、2014全國高考匯編閱讀之新聞報告類類一（2014大綱卷）BSince the first Earth Day in 1970, Americans have gotten a lot “greener” toward the environment（環(huán)境）. “We didnt know at that time there even was an environment, let alone that there was a problem with it,” says Bruce Anderson, president of Earth Day USA.But what began as

2、 nothing important in public affairs has grown into a social movement. Business people, political leaders, university professors, and especially millions of grass-roots Americans are taking part in the movement. “The understanding has increased many, many times,” says Gaylord Nelson, the former gove

3、rnor from Wisconsin, who thought up the first Earth Day. According to US government reports, emissions（排放）from cars and trucks have dropped from 10.3 million tons a year to 5.5 tons .The number of cities producing CO beyond the standard has been reduced from 40 to 9 .Although serious problems still

4、remain and need to be dealt with , the world is a safer and healthier place .A kind of “Green thinking ” has become part of practices .Great improvement has been achieved .In 1988 there were only 600 recycling（回收利用）programs; today in 1995 there are about 6,600 .Advanced lights ,motors , and building

5、 designs have helped save a lot of energy and therefore prevented pollution .Twenty five years ago , there were hardly any education programs for environment .Today , its hard to find a public school , university , or law school that does not have such a kind of program .” Until we do that, nothing

6、else will change! ” say Bruce Anderson.60. According to Anderson, before 1970, Americans had little idea about _A. the social movement B. recycling techniquesC. environmental problems D. the importance of Earth Day 61. Where does the support for environmental protection mainly come from?A. The grass

7、 roots level B. The business circle C. Government officials D. University professors 62. What have Americans achieved in environmental protection?A. They have cut car emissions to the lowest B. They have settled their environmental problems C. They have lowered their CO levels in forty cities.D. The

8、y have reduced pollution through effective measures.63. What is especially important for environmental protection according to the last paragraph?A. Education B. Planning C. Green living D. CO reduction 【考點】考察新聞報道類閱讀【文章大意】作者在本文中把現(xiàn)在的美國環(huán)境問題和以前的環(huán)境問題進行了比較，尤其是幾項數(shù)據(jù)的對比。說明人們現(xiàn)在的環(huán)境保護意識有了很大的提高。其中很重要的一項就是環(huán)境教育所起

9、的作用。【答案】C 【試題解析】細節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第一段第2句“We didnt know at that time there even was an environment, let alone that there was a problem with it,” says Bruce Anderson, president of Earth Day USA.可知在1970年世界地球日開始的時候，人們甚至都不知道有“環(huán)境這個詞”，更不要說知道存在著環(huán)境問題了。故C正確?！敬鸢浮緼 【試題解析】細節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第二段2,3行Business people, political leaders,

10、 university professors, and especially millions of grass-roots Americans are taking part in the movement.中的especially millions of grass-roots Americans尤其是千百萬的一般民眾?？芍h(huán)境保護的主要支持來自普通民眾。故A正確?！敬鸢浮緿 【試題解析】推理題。根據(jù)第二段4,5行According to US government reports , emissions (排放)from cars and trucks have dropped from

11、 10.3 million tons a year to 5.5 tons .The number of cities producing CO beyond the standard has been reduced from 40 to 9 .可知通過人們的共同努力，現(xiàn)在的污染排放的數(shù)字已經(jīng)大大地減少了。故D正確。A項中的to the lowest是錯誤的。B項說已經(jīng)解決了污染問題，這一說法是錯誤的。文章中只是說The number of cities producing CO beyond the standard has been reduced from 40 to 9 .CO排放超

12、標的城市從40降低到9.而不是C項含義?！敬鸢浮緼 【試題解析】推理題。根據(jù)文章最后一段1,2行Twenty five years ago , there were hardly any education programs for environment .Today , its hard to find a public school , university , or law school that does not have such a kind of program .可知現(xiàn)在幾乎每個學校都有環(huán)境保護方面的教育的內(nèi)容。說明教育在環(huán)境保護方面有很重要的作用。故A正確。【長難句解析】1

13、.“We didnt know at that time there even was an environment, let alone that there was a problem with it,”【翻譯】在那時人們甚至都不知道有“環(huán)境這個詞”，更不要說知道存在著環(huán)境問題了?！痉治觥勘揪渲械膭釉~know后面的there even was an environment, let alone that there was a problem with it,”是賓語從句，其中的let alone更不必說；2. The number of cities producing CO2 beyo

14、nd the standard has been reduced from 40 to 9 .【翻譯】產(chǎn)生超過CO2排放標準的城市的數(shù)量從40減少到了9個。【分析】本句中的現(xiàn)在分詞短語producing CO2 beyond the standard在句中做定語修飾名詞cities。因為兩者之間存在主動關系，所以使用現(xiàn)在分詞做定語，相當于which produce.；另外本句中的the number of“的數(shù)量”，在句中做主語，謂語動詞使用單數(shù)形式。二（2014福建卷） E As has been all too apparent in recent days at Balcombe, fe

15、w issues cause greater concern than energy policy. Many village communities feel their countryside is being ruined by the power-producing machines of wind farms; yet they never take direct action, even though the planning laws put them at a severe disadvantage. And the generous subsidies (財政補貼) , wh

16、ich encourage the expansion of wind power, are not favorable to the village communities and set landowners in conflict with other residents (居民) . Those who disagree with the rapid expansion of wind farms state that the damage they cause is out of proportion(比例) to the benefits they bring, because t

17、heir energy output cannot match that of the carbon-based power stations they are supposed to replace. Supporters insist that wind must be part of a mix of renewables, nuclear and carbon, and that the country is committed to meeting EU ( European Union) targets for non-carbon energy generation. Again

18、st this background, the fact that there is an argument within the Government over whether to publish an official report on wind farms impact on the countryside becomes even more extraordinary. The two parties in the coalition (聯(lián)合) government are in disagreement over what it should say. We have some

19、advice for the two parties: publish the report, and let the country be the judge. Even if it contains evidence that wind farms are harmful, it will hardly be a pleasant surprise to people who do not like them. Equally, supporters must argue their case by acknowledging the concerns and explaining why

20、 they are either misplaced or worthy of much attention. The suggestion that further negotiations are to take place to produce an acceptable report suggests that the politics of coalition government are doing the country harm in a certain way. Given the sensitivities involved, all the information sho

21、uld be available so that people can reach their own conclusions, rather than being left with the suspicion（猜疑）that facts are being replaced by political beliefs.72. We can learn from the first paragraph that_. A. energy policy catches much attention of the public B. the residents are in favor of the

22、 expansion of wind farms C. many village communities are satisfied with the subsidies D. the planning laws offer great benefits to the residents73. Supporters think that the expansion of wind power_. A. is more rapid than that of carbon-based power B. guarantees an increase in energy output C. is ex

23、pected to be much better than that of nuclear power D. agrees with EU targets for non-carbon energy generation74. It can be inferred from the passage that_. A. an official report will settle the energy problem B. the two parties are divided over the issue of wind farms C. the two parties have agreed

24、 on a further negotiation D. political beliefs concerning energy issue go against facts75. Which of the following reflects the authors opinion? A. Increase political impact on energy policy. B. Release a statement of supporters on wind farms. C. Let the nation judge the facts about wind power. D. Le

25、ave the two parties to reach their own conclusions.【考點】考察新聞報道類閱讀【文章大意】本文是一篇新聞報道，在英國的鮑爾科姆，人們對于風電項目的發(fā)展有了支持和反對兩者不同意見。作者在文章里闡述了雙方的觀點，并提出了自己的意見：把這個問題報道出來，讓全國人們對此進行討論并做出決定。72. 【答案】A 【試題解析】推理題。根據(jù)文章第一句As has been all too apparent in recent days at Balcombe, few issues cause greater concern than energy polic

26、y.可知沒有別的問題比energy policy更引起人們的擔心了，也就是說energy policy引起了人們最大的擔心。故A正確。73. 【答案】D 【試題解析】推理題。根據(jù)文章第二段最后2行Supporters insist that wind must be part of a mix of renewables, nuclear and carbon, and that the country is committed to meeting EU ( European Union) targets for non-carbon energy generation.可知支持者認為風電的

27、擴張是符合歐盟無碳排放的標準的。故D正確。74. 【答案】B 【試題解析】推理題。根據(jù)文章第二段Those who disagree with the rapid expansion .和 Supporters insist that wind must be part of a mix of renewables可知對于風電的擴張方面，兩方面的觀點是有分歧的。故B正確。75. 【答案】C 【試題解析】推理題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段We have some advice for the two parties: publish the report, and let the country be

28、the judge.可知作者提出把這個問題報道出來，讓全國人們對此進行討論并做出決定。故C正確。【長難句解析】 As has been all too apparent in recent days at Balcombe, few issues cause greater concern than energy policy.【翻譯】最近幾天在鮑爾科姆，沒有別的問題比energy policy更引起人們的擔心了【分析】本句中的few issues cause greater concern than energy policy使用了否定詞few加比較級greater連用表示最高級的用法。三（

29、2014湖北卷）BLondons newest skyscraper (摩天大樓) is called the Shard and it cost about 430 million pounds to build. At a height of almost 310 metres, it is the tallest building in Europe. The Shard has completely changed the appearance of London. However, not everyone thinks that it is a change for the bet

30、ter.The Shard was designed by the famous Italian architect Renzo Piano. When he began designing the Shard for London, Piano wanted a very tall building that looked like a spire (尖頂). He wanted the glass surfaces to reflect the sky and the city. The sides of the building arent regular. So the buildin

31、g has an unusual shape. It looks like a very thin, sharp piece of broken glass. And that is how the building got the name: the Shard. Piano says that the spire shape of the Shard is part of a great London tradition. The shape reminds him of the spires of the churches of London or the tall masts (桅桿)

32、 of the ships that were once on the river Thames.The Shard has 87 floors. At the top, there is an observatory. At the moment the building is empty, but eventually there will be a five-star hotel. There will also be top quality restaurants, apartments and offices.Before building work began, a lot of

33、people didnt want the Shard though the plans were approved. Now they are still unhappy about the Shard. Some critics say that such a tall skyscraper might be good in a city like New York, but not in London. They say that the best thing about the Shard is its spire shape. But that is the only thing.

34、There is no decoration, only flat surfaces. The Egyptians did that4,500 years ago. They also think the Shard is too big for London. It destroys the beauty of the city.Other critics dont like what the Shard seems to represent. They say that the Shard shows how London is becoming more unequal. Only ve

35、ry rich people can afford to buy the expensive private apartments and stay in the hotel. But the people who live near the Shard are among the poorest in London. So the Shard seems a symbol of the division in society between the very rich and the poor.The Shard now dominates the London skyline. It is

36、 not certain, however, that ordinary London citizens will ever accept it as a valuable addition to the city. 55. Londons newest skyscraper is called the Shard because of _.A. its cost B. its size C. its shape D. its height 56. When he designed the Shard, Piano wanted it to _.A. change Londons skylin

37、e B. inherit Londons tradition C. imitate the Egyptian styleD. attract potential visitors57. The critics who refer to social division think the Shard _.A. is only preferred by the rich B. is intended for wealthy peopleC. is far away from the poor areaD. is popular only with Londoners58. Which would

38、be the best title for the passage?A. The Shard: Cheers and ClapsB. The Shard: Work of a Great ArchitectC. The Shard: New Symbol of London?D. The Shard: A Change for the Better?【考點】考察新聞報道類閱讀【文章大意】本文是一篇新聞報道，報道了倫敦最新的摩天大樓the Shard，以及它的形狀和設計理念。同時還講述了人們對于這棟大樓的不同的看法。很多人都反對這棟大樓，說它并沒有向一個好的方向改變。55. 【答案】C 【試題解

39、析】細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段3,4,5行He wanted the glass surfaces to reflect the sky and the city. The sides of the building arent regular. So the building has an unusual shape. It looks like a very thin, sharp piece of broken glass. And that is how the building got the name: the Shard.可知摩天大樓the Shard得到自己的名字是因為它的形狀。故C

40、正確。56. 【答案】B【試題解析】推理題。根據(jù)第二段后三行Piano says that the spire shape of the Shard is part of a great London tradition. The shape reminds him of the spires of the churches of London or the tall masts (桅桿) of the ships that were once on the river Thames.可知他把這座摩天大樓設計成這個形狀是為了讓它成為倫敦的傳統(tǒng)的一部分，也就是說讓它繼承倫敦的傳統(tǒng)。故B正確。57

41、. 【答案】B 【試題解析】推理題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段2,3,4行They say that the Shard shows how London is becoming more unequal. Only very rich people can afford to buy the expensive private apartments and stay in the hotel. But the people who live near the Shard are among the poorest in London.可知一些批評家認為這座大樓只是為那些富有的人而設計的。居住在這棟大

42、樓附近的人都沒有能力享受它。它是社會不公平的代表。故B正確。58. 【答案】D 【試題解析】主旨大意題。本文是一篇新聞報道，報道了倫敦最新的摩天大樓the Shard，以及它的形狀和設計理念。同時還講述了人們對于這棟大樓的不同的看法。根據(jù)第一段最后一句However, not everyone thinks that it is a change for the better.很多人都反對這棟大樓，說它并沒有向一個好的方向改變。故D項符合文章的主題?！鹃L難句解析】1.When he began designing the Shard for London, Piano wanted a ver

43、y tall building that looked like a spire (尖頂).【翻譯】當他開始為倫敦設計the Shard的時候，Piano想要設計一個看起來像尖頂?shù)暮芨叩拇髽??！痉治觥勘揪渲泻幸粋€when引導的時間狀語從句，后面的主句里有一個定語從句that looked like a spire (尖頂).修飾前面的先行詞a very tall building。2. They say that the Shard shows how London is becoming more unequal【翻譯】他們說the Shard在說明倫敦正變得更加不公平?！痉治觥勘揪渲械膭?/p>

44、詞say后面含有一個that引導的賓語從句the Shard shows how London is becoming more unequal這個賓語從句中動詞show后面有一個how引導的賓語從句how London is becoming more unequal。四（2014江西卷） C Close your eyes foe a minutes and imagine what life would be like of you had a hundred dollars less. Also imagine what it would be like spending the re

45、st of your life with you eyes closed. Imagine having to read this page, not with your eyes but with your finger-tips.With existing medical knowledge and skills, two-thirds of the worlds 42 million blind should not have to suffer. Unfortunately, rich countries posses most of this knowledge, while dev

46、eloping countries do not. ORBIS is an international non-profit organization which operates the worlds only flying teaching eye hospital. ORBIS intends to help fight blindness worldwide. Inside a DC-8 aircraft, there is a fully-equipped teaching hospital with television studio and classroom. Doctors

47、are taught the latest techniques of bringing sight back to people there. Project ORBIS also aims at promoting peaceful cooperation(合作) among countries. ORBIS tries to help developing countries by providing training during three-week medical programs. ORBIS has taught sight-saving techniques to over

48、35,000 doctors and nurses, who continue to cure tens of thousands of blind people every year. ORBIS has conducted 17 plane programs is China so far. For the seven to ten million blind in China ORBIS is planning to do more for them. At the moment an ORBIS is working on a long-term plan to develop a t

49、raining center and to provide eye care service to Shanxi Province.ORBIS needs your help to continue their work and free people from blindness. For just US $38,you can help one person see; for $380 you can bring sight to 10 people; $1,300 helps teach a doctor new skills; and for $13,000 you can provi

50、de a training programme for a group of doctors who can make thousands of blind people see again.Your money can open their eyes to the world.Please help ORBIS improve the quality of life for so many people less fortunate than ourselves.The first paragraph is intended to _.introduce a new way of readi

51、ngadvise the public to lead a simple lifedirect the publics attention to the blindencourage the public to use imaginationWhat do we learn about existing medical knowledge and skills in the world?They are adequate B.They have not been updated.C.They are not equally distributed D.They have benefited m

52、ost of the blindORRIS aims to help the blind by _.teaching medical students B.training doctors and nursesC.running flying hospitals globally D. setting up non-profit organizationWhat does the author try to do in the last paragraph?Appeal for donations B.Make an advertisementC. Promote training progr

53、ams D.Show sympathy for the blindWhat can be the best title for the passage?ORRIS in China B.Fighting BlindnessC.ORRIS Flying Hospital D.Sight-saving Techniques【考點】考察新聞報告類閱讀【文章大意】本文屬于報告類閱讀，了講述ORBIS給盲人所做的工作來宣傳ORBIS，號召我們?yōu)镺RBIS捐款來幫助更多的盲人。【答案】C 【試題解析】推理題。根據(jù)第一段1,2行Close your eyes foe a minutes and imagin

54、e what life would be like of you had a hundred dollars less. Also imagine what it would be like spending the rest of your life with you eyes closed. Imagine having to read this page, not with your eyes but with your finger-tips.閉上眼睛想象一下少了100美元并沒有什么。但是想象一下如果我們在余生里都看不見，不是用眼睛看這篇文章，而是用手指來閱讀。作者通過第一段是為了把讀

55、者的注意力吸引到盲人的身上。故C正確、【答案】C 【試題解析】推理題。根據(jù)第一段最后2句With existing medical knowledge and skills, two-thirds of the worlds 42 million blind should not have to suffer. Unfortunately, rich countries posses most of this knowledge, while developing countries do not. 可知發(fā)動國家的技術更先進，能夠給盲人帶來更多的幫助，但是發(fā)展中國家并沒有這樣的技術，說明技術的

56、分布并不公平。故C正確?！敬鸢浮緽 【試題解析】細節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第三段1,2句ORBIS tries to help developing countries by providing training during three-week medical programs. ORBIS has taught sight-saving techniques to over 35,000 doctors and nurses, who continue to cure tens of thousands of blind people every year.得知ORBIS醫(yī)學培訓計劃幫助發(fā)展中國家

57、培養(yǎng)了很多治療眼睛疾病的醫(yī)生，然后這些醫(yī)生再去幫助那些需要幫助的盲人。故B正確?！敬鸢浮緼【試題解析】推理題。根據(jù)最后一段前2行For just US $38,you can help one person see; for $380 you can bring sight to 10 people; $1,300 helps teach a doctor new skills; and for $13,000 you can provide a training programme for a group of doctors who can make thousands of blind

58、people see again.作者在呼吁我們?yōu)檫@個項目捐款，因為捐款可以幫助很多看不見的盲人重新看見光明。故A正確?！敬鸢浮緾 【試題解析】主旨大意題。本文在第一段里很巧妙地通過一個閉眼實驗把我們的注意力吸引到盲人身上。接下來通過講述ORBIS給盲人所做的工作來宣傳ORBIS。最后號召我們?yōu)镺RBIS捐款來幫助更多的盲人。所以本文實際上是介紹ORRIS Flying Hospital的。故C正確?！鹃L難句解析】1.Also imagine what it would be like spending the rest of your life with you eyes closed【翻譯

59、】也要想象閉著眼睛度過余生會是什么樣子?！痉治觥勘揪渚渥咏Y構比較復雜，首先動詞imagine后面有一個賓語從句what it would be like.；在這個從句中what既充當引導詞也在句中做like的賓語。句中的it是形式主語，真正的主語是后面的動名詞短語spending the rest of your life with you eyes closed，主語中含有with you eyes closed這個with復合結構。2. ORBIS has taught sight-saving techniques to over 35,000 doctors and nurses, w

60、ho continue to cure tens of thousands of blind people every year.【翻譯】ORBIS已經(jīng)把保護視力的技巧教給了35000多名醫(yī)生和護士，這些醫(yī)生和護士每年都繼續(xù)治愈成千上萬的盲人?！痉治觥勘揪渲泻幸粋€非限制性定語從句who continue tens of thousands of blind people every year。其中的關系代詞who指代先行詞，在句中做主語。五（2014山東卷）A One morning, Anns neighbor Tracy found a lost dog wandering around