1、時態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時，-s但第三人稱單數(shù)后要加詞尾一般現(xiàn)在時主要用動詞原形表示，動詞變化：有特殊的人稱形式。have和be另外時要注意：-s在加詞尾意：-s在加詞尾例詞加法情況reads,writes,says-s加一般情況guesses,washes,teaches,-es加收尾的o或ch,sh,s,x,以fixes,goes詞y變”結(jié)尾的+y以“輔音字母triestry-es再加i為carriescarry詞:二一般現(xiàn)在時表示,表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài):Hestwelve.例如everyalways,sometimes,usually,often,常與,表示經(jīng)常性的或習(xí)慣性的動作:Igotoschoole

2、veryday.例如.等表示經(jīng)常性的或習(xí)慣性的時間狀語連用day:Shelikesapple.例如，表示主語具備的性格和能力(3)Twoandfourmakessix.)表示客觀、普遍的真理。4(句型三主語:肯定句結(jié)構(gòu)1.表語/賓語+行為動詞/動詞+be:行為動詞(1)I,you,we,they,theboys主語為第一、二人稱、復(fù)數(shù)人稱時(a.動詞+，主語)賓語。+原形Theygotoschooleveryday.賓語。s/es+動詞+，主語(it,he,she,Lily)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時b.Lilyoftenlikessinging.表語。+系動詞+主語(be):系動詞(2)IamHe

3、/She/ItisThey/We/Youare表語/賓語+行為動詞/動詞+be主語:否定句結(jié)構(gòu)2.:行為動詞(1)動詞原形。dont+復(fù)數(shù)人稱時，主語，主語為第一、二人稱a.Theydontgotoschooleveryday.動詞原形。doesnt+主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，主語b.一般疑問句Lilydoesntlikesinging.表語not+后加+is/am/are主語(be):系動詞(2)Iamnotaworker.一般疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)3.)行為動詞1(動詞原形Do+they/we/you+復(fù)數(shù)人稱時，,主語為第一、二人稱a.)Yes,theydo.No,theydont.(Dotheygot

4、oschooleveryday?Does+he/she/iIt+主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，b.動詞原形DoesLilyoftenlikesinging?(Yes,shedoes.No,shedoesnt.)表語+主語(be):is/am/are+系動詞2)(mnot.)Areyouaworker?(Yes,Iam.No,I特殊疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)4.一般疑問句？+)what,howoften,which,where,who特殊疑問詞()行為動詞1(Whatdotheydoeveryday?HowoftendoesPetergofishing?(be):系動詞2)(Whoisthegirlatthatgate

5、?一般過去時在句中由主語動詞的一般過去時主要表示過去的動作或狀態(tài)，動詞變化：一過去式來表達(dá)。過去式原形構(gòu)成規(guī)則workedwork-ed一般在動詞末尾加plantedplantplayedplaylikedlike的動詞在末尾加e結(jié)尾是livedlive-dchangedchangeplanned（計劃）plan末尾只有一個輔音字母的stoppedstop重讀閉音節(jié)詞，先雙寫這-ed個輔音字母，再加droppeddropcarriedcarry結(jié)尾的，y以輔音字母加studiedstudy-ed再加i為y先變criedcry:二一般過去時表示yesterday,last,ago,常與表示過去某

6、個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)）1（thisyouhaveforbreakfastdidWhat等表示過去狀態(tài)的時間狀語連用，如in1990morning?）表示過去某一段時間內(nèi)經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作，這時常和表示頻度的狀語2(Lasttermweoftendidexperiments.連用，如三句型:肯定句結(jié)構(gòu)1.+主語:行為動詞(1)動詞的過去式Thetwinswenttoschooltwohoursago.They/We/You+wereI/He/She/It+was(be):系動詞(2)Iwasathomelastnight.:否定句結(jié)構(gòu)2.動詞原形+didnt+主語:行為動詞(1)The

7、twinsdidntgotoschooltwohoursago.t/weren+wasn主語(be):系動詞(2)表語。t+Iwasntathomelastnight.:一般疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)3.?動詞原形+主語：Did+行為動詞(1)Didthetwinsgotoschooltwohoursago?(Yes,theydid.No,theydidnt.)?表語+主語(be):was/were+系動詞（2）Wereyouathomelastnight?（Yes,Iwas.No,Iwast.）特殊疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)4.一般疑問句？+）what,howoften,which,where,who特殊疑問詞（頻率副詞常

8、放在行為動詞之前，通常用于一般現(xiàn)在時或一般過去時,：頻度副詞系動詞、情態(tài)動詞或助動詞之后。常見的頻度副詞有：1.（常常經(jīng)often、（通常）usually、（總是，一直）always每everyday（、）幾乎從不hardlyever（、（從不）never、i（有時候）sometimes、常）。）天頻度副詞的位：2.放在系動詞、助動詞或情態(tài)動詞后面。a.i大衛(wèi)上學(xué)經(jīng)常遲到。arriveslateforschool.oftenDavidis放在行為動詞前。b.去上學(xué)。10：7我們每天經(jīng)常在gotoschoolat7:10everyday.usuallyWe可放在句首或句尾,用來表示強調(diào)。c.so

9、metimes可放在句首或句尾,用來表示強調(diào)。c.sometimes有時我步行回家,Iwalkhome,andsometimesIridesabike.Sometimes有時我騎自行車。everyday與3.everyday。如：作狀語,譯為“每一天”a.everyday去上學(xué)。10：7我們每天Wegotoschoolat7:10everyday.我決定每天讀英語。IdecidetoreadEnglisheveryday.。作定語，譯為“日常的”beveryday她晚飯后在電視上看日ShewatcheseverydayEnglishonTVafterdinner.常英語。你的日常活動是什么？W

10、hatsyoureverydayactivity?練習(xí)1.Howoftenyourfather(drink)wine?2.Hismother(come)toseehimonceaweek.3.Hersister(notstay)athomeonSundays.4.Where(be)youlastnight?)劃線部分提問5.Sheexerciseseveryday.(she?)改為否定句6.Jimalwaysdoeshishomeworkafterschool.(Jimhishomeworkafterschool.)完成反意疑問句7.Henevergoesfishing,?()go(8.Het

11、otheparkeveryday.China?)like(9.LucyandLilytodrinkorangesoda.)notlike(10.LiLeihislunchathome?)have(ngsfather11.LiMiachancetowin.)have(12.Everybody13.youmakethiscakelastnight?Yes.Idid.14.DidTomhomeatfiveyesterday?No,he.Hecamehomeatsix.15.Whatyouatthestore?Iboughtacamera.16.Wereyouathomeyesterday?Yes,I

12、.17.Wheredidyoucatchthefish?Iitintherivernearmyhouse.athisdoor,hewascooking.)knock(18.WhenIlateforschoolyesterday.)am,are,was,were(19.TomandI20.IfyouwanttoimproveyourspokenEnglish,youmustspeakmoreEnglish.B.everyday;everyday;A.everyday;everyday;現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的規(guī)則-ing+動詞現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成。加am/is/are一動詞變化：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時由“由“如下：。-ing

13、）一般在動詞原形末尾加1doingdostayingstaysufferingsufferlisteninglistenspendingspendworkingworklookinglookworklookinglook結(jié)尾的動詞，先去掉e）以不發(fā)音的字母2（。-ing，再加etakingtakemakingmakeridingridegivinggiverefusingrefusepleasingpleaseoperatingoperateclosingclose。-ing)以一個輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)詞，先雙寫這個輔音字母，再加3（puttingputsittingsitwinningw

14、inrunningrunbeginningbegin二現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示：也可以和這時可以不用時間狀語，表示說話時正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作，）1（now,listen,（看）look等時間狀語連用。有時用一個動詞，如atpresent,atthemoment。（聽）Whatareyoureadingnow?Listen!Someoneissingingintheclassroom.）表示當(dāng)前一段時期的活動或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動作。2（Theyareworkinginafactoryreadingnow?thesedays.Moreandmorepeoplearegivingupsmoking.）表示最近

15、按計劃或安排要進(jìn)行的動作。3（即可以用來現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時有時可表示一個在最近按計劃或安排要進(jìn)行的動作，代替將來時。Whenareyouleaving?AreyougoingtoTibettomorrow?三句型ing-動詞+is/am/are+主語：肯定句結(jié)構(gòu)1.:Theboysareplayingfootballnow.例如not后加is/am/are在:否定句結(jié)構(gòu)2.:Theboysarentplayingfootballnow.例如.提在主語前is/am/are把:一般疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)3.allnow?（Yes,theyare.No,theyarent.）:Aretheboysplayingfoot

16、b例如一般疑問句+特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞4.過去進(jìn)行時在過去進(jìn)行時是表示過去某個具體時刻正在進(jìn)行的事情或動作，動詞變化：一.現(xiàn)在分詞）來表達(dá)。was/were+doing（句中由:二一般過去時表示）過去進(jìn)行時表示過去某段時間內(nèi)持續(xù)進(jìn)行的動作或者事情。常用的時間狀1（thismorning,then,lastnight,atthattime,thewholemorning,alldayyesterday,語WewerewatchingTVfromseventoninelastnight。女口when,while）過去進(jìn)行時可以表示在過去某個時間點發(fā)生的事情。時間點可以用介詞短2（Whatwass

17、hedoingatnineoclockyesterday?語、副詞或從句來表示。如：）在復(fù)合句中，如果主要動作和背景動作都是延續(xù)的或同時發(fā)生的，那么主3（Whilehewaswaitingforthebus,hewas從句的動詞都可用過去進(jìn)行時。如：readinganewspaper.go,come,start,leave,stay,arrive限于用從過去某一時間看將要發(fā)生的動作，）4（HewasleavingthefirstweekinMayandstayinguntilJuly.等非延續(xù)性動詞。如：Hewasalways等連用表喜愛，討厭等感情色彩。如always,often,usual

18、ly與(5)Changinghismind.agree,be,believe,belong,care,forget,be,believe,belong,care,forget,通常不能用于過去進(jìn)行時的動詞主要有：(6),hear,know,like,love,mean,mind,notice,own,remember,seem,擁有hate,have(等。例如：suppose,understand,want,wishIwasknowingtheanswer.誤：我知道答案。Iknewtheanswer.正：Iwasntunderstandinghim.誤：Ididntunderstandhim

19、.正：我不明白他的意思。)用過去進(jìn)行時表示語氣委婉、客氣，并不表示過去的時間。如：7（我不知你能否讓我搭一下車。Iwaswonderingifyoucouldgivemealift.表示(when,doing只接while連接(while)用8(,did或doing可以接when)did,時間短，用doing后動作時間長，用whenMymotherwascookingwhileIwasdoingmyhomework.Iwasdoingmyhomeworkwhenmymothercamein.三句型-ing動詞+was/were+主語:肯定句結(jié)構(gòu)1.-ing動詞t+t/weren+wasn主語:

20、否定句結(jié)構(gòu)2.-ing.動詞+主語：Was/Were+般疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)3.+特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞4.特殊疑問詞4.一般疑問句練習(xí)1.I(telephone)afriendwhenBob(come)in2.Itwasquitelateatnight.George(read)andAmy(ply)herneedlewhenthey(hear)aknockatthedoor.3.Thestudents(sing)and(dance)happilyontheplaygroundatthattime.4.I(know)you(wait)formehere.5.She(make)herdressthewho

21、leafternoon.6.Inaletter,johntoldusthathe(come)tochinanextmonth.7.HeaskedmeifI(go)fishingthatafternoon.8.-they(have)ameetingat4yesterdayafternoon?-No,they.They(clean)theclassroom.Hesaidhetodrawaplaneontheblackboardatthattime.9.9.d.willtryc.wastryingb.trieda.tries10.WhilesheTV,sheasoundoutsidetheroom.

22、b.watched,washearinga.waswatching,washearingd.waswatching,heardc.watched,heard11.WhatbookyouwhenIyouatfouryesterdayafternoon?b.did,read,sawa.did,read,wasseeingd.were,reading,wasseeingc.were,reading,sawWeforTomattenlastSunday.Heoftenkeptus.12.d.waited,c.waited,waitingb.werewaiting,waita.werewaiting,w

23、aitingwait13.Thistimeyesterdayjackhisbike.HeTVb.wasrepairing,watcheda.repaired,didntwatchd.wasrepairing,wasntwatchingc.repaired,watched過去進(jìn)行時與一般過去時的區(qū)別進(jìn)行時表示動作在持續(xù)或未完成，一般時表示某一動作已經(jīng)完成。1.)不一定讀完Iwasreadingthebookatthattime.()已讀完Ireadthebookyesterday.(、一般過去時表示只做一次動作，而過去進(jìn)行時表示動作反復(fù)進(jìn)行，與持續(xù)時2間狀語連用。Itwasrainingalln

24、ight.短暫動詞與持續(xù)時間連用，表Hewaswritingaletterthewholeofafternoon.()反復(fù)、連續(xù)發(fā)生，不可用一般過去時時間狀語從句中用短暫動詞時，只能用進(jìn)行時。while、3Hebrokeachairwhilehewasjumpingupanddown.所在主從句動作大致持續(xù)相等時，主從句一般都用進(jìn)行時；但若是持While、4延續(xù)動作短暫動作用一般時，兩個動作一長一短時，續(xù)動詞可都用一般過去時；用進(jìn)行時。)平行Iwascookingthedinnerwhilehewasplayingthepiano.(Icookedthedinnerwhileheplayedt

25、hepiano.IsawhimwhileIwaswalkingtothestation.5.進(jìn)行時態(tài)只用于表示顯然是連續(xù)不斷的動作。如果把動作分割開，或者說出其發(fā)生的次數(shù)，就必須用一般過去時：我跟湯姆談過幾次話。ItalkedtoTomseveraltimes湯姆把兩輛汽車都洗了。Tomwashedbothcars并行的兩個動作可以都用進(jìn)行時態(tài)來表示：6.一點BetweenoneandtwoIwasdoingtheshoppingandthe，lastnight，today這樣用的進(jìn)行時態(tài)通常和某些時間狀語如連用。這些時間狀語可以看做是表示某一時刻，也可以看做是表afternoon示某一段時間

26、。walkingthedog到兩點之間我在購物、遛狗。inwalkingthedog到兩點之間我在購物、遛狗。in英語中有四類動詞一般不用進(jìn)行時(不用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時和過去進(jìn)行時)love,hate,like,care,respect,please,prefer,know表心理狀態(tài)、情感的動詞，如1.等，若用進(jìn)行時則詞意改變。Imforgettingit（=beginningtoforget）等appear,exist,lie,remain,stand,seem表存在、狀態(tài)的動詞，如2.等see,hear,feel,smell,sound,taste表感覺的動詞，如3.等。accept,allow,

27、admit,decide,end,refuse,permit,promise表一時性的動詞，如4.一般將來時或?qū)砟骋欢螘r間一般將來時表示將來某一時刻的動作或狀態(tài)，動詞變化：一內(nèi)經(jīng)常的動作或狀態(tài)。常與this，）weeknext引導(dǎo)的短語（如next，tomorrow等連用。inthefuture；fromnowon，）thisyear引導(dǎo)的短語（如二一般將來時的用法1（動詞原形Will/Shall+）表示將要發(fā)生的動作或情況。我明天到。a.Iwill（shall）arrivetomorrow.你今晚有空嗎？b.Willyoubefreetonight?在一般將來時的句子中，有時有表示將來時間

28、的狀語，有時沒有時間狀語，這時要從意思上判斷是否指未來的動作或情況。如：我們只待兩星期。Wellonlystayfortwoweeks.，這時或是征shall作主語的問句中，一般使用助動詞we或I在以第一人稱求對方的意見,或是詢問一個情況：明天我們有課嗎？Shallwehaveanyclassestomorrow?，特別是在美國。例如：will在這類問句中，近年來也有不少人用我怎么去？HowwillIgetthere?動詞原形begoingto+）2（表示打算、準(zhǔn)備做的事。如：我們打算在這里蓋一座樓。Wearegoingtoputupabuildinghere.表示即將發(fā)生或肯定要發(fā)生的事。如

29、：我看要下雪了。Ithinkitisgoingtosnow.這事肯定會有很多麻煩。sgoingtobealotoftroubleaboutthis.There”句型區(qū)別。前者表示純粹將來，后者表示打begoingto”句型與will算、計劃、準(zhǔn)備做的事情，更強調(diào)主語的主觀意愿。如：明天是周六了。TomorrowwillbeSaturday.今年夏天我們打算游覽巴黎。WearegoingtovisitParisthissummer.）用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示。3（，等）go,come,leave,start,come,go,arrive,reach表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動詞（如：可用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時態(tài)表示按計劃安排即

30、將發(fā)生的動作。如：王叔叔就要來了UncleWangiscoming.他們即將前往北京。TheyreleavingforBeijing.我要去北京。ImleavingforBeijing.）用一般現(xiàn)在時表示。（4等的一般現(xiàn)在時也可come,go,leave,arrive,start,get,stay,live,fly某些詞，如表示根據(jù)規(guī)定或時間表預(yù)計要發(fā)生的動作新學(xué)期八月二十九日開學(xué)。Thenewtermstarts(begins)onAugust29th.他下一站下車Hegetsoffatthenextstop.點開出。12火車Thetrainleavesat12:00.時間和條件的狀語從句必

31、須用一般現(xiàn)在當(dāng)主句為將來時態(tài)或表示將來意義時，時表將來。如：我們?nèi)绻魈觳幌掠?，cnic.Ifitdoesntraintomorrow,wewillgooutforapi將出去野餐。走前關(guān)燈。Turnoffthelightsbeforeyouleave.我有空會給她寫信。IllwritetoherwhenIhavetime.和動詞原形一beto+)5(表示將來。動詞原形一beaboutto+表示按計劃要發(fā)生的事或征求對方意見例如：動詞原形一beto+我們繼續(xù)干嗎？Arewetogoonwiththiswork?這個男孩明天要去上學(xué)Theboyistogotoschooltomorrow.明年他

32、將訪問日本。HeistovisitJapannextyear.表示即將發(fā)生的動作意為：很快，馬上。后面一般不動詞原形一beaboutto+跟時間狀語。我們馬上就走。Weareabouttoleave.我立刻就起床。,媽媽Iamabouttogetup,mum.三句型：肯定句結(jié)構(gòu)1.動詞+will+主語:用于書面語(1)例如:Wewillcometoseeyoutomorrow動詞+am/is/aregoingto+主語：用于口語(2)：TomisgoingtoseehisunclenextSunday.例如：否定句結(jié)構(gòu)2.not后加will在:用于書面語(1):Wewontcometoseey

33、outomorrow(willnot二wont)例女口not.后加is/am/are在:用于口語(2):TomisngoingtoseehisunclenextSunday.例如:一般疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)3.提在主語前will把:用于書面語(1):Willyoucometoseeyoutomorrow?(Yes,wewill.No,wewont)例如is/am/are把：用于口語(2).提在主語前：IsTomgoingtoseehisunclenextSunday?例如(Yes,heisNo,heisnt)一般疑問句？+特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞4.四練習(xí)all)finish(Iminute.ain)lea

34、ve(I1.Ibeforeworkmy.)leave(tobedearlytonight.)go(tired.I)be(2.I3.They_(nothave)anyclassesnextweek.4.They(notleave)untilyoucomeback.Thereameetingtomorrowafternoon.5.C.isgoingtobeD.willgotobeA.willbegoingtoB.willgoingtobe6.No.Ifreethedayaftertomorrow一youfreetomorrow?一B.Are;goingtobe;willA.Are;goingto;

35、willD.Are;goingtobe;willbeC.Are;goingto;willbeOK.I.一Letsgoouttoplayfootball,shallwe?一7.D.amcomingC.comeA.willcomingbegoingtocomeaconcertnextSaturday?8.D.ThereareC.TherecanbeB.WilltherebeA.Therewillbe-skating.Ifittomorrow,wellgoroller9D.doesntfineC.doesntrainB.wontrainA.isntrainWillhisparentsgotoseet

36、heTerraCottaWarriorstomorrow?一10.No,.一D.theydont.C.theyarent.B.theywont.A.theywillnt.11.Thetrainat11.D.isarrivingC.isgoingtoB.willbearriveA.goingtoarrive12.Hethereattentomorrowmorning.B.isA.willD.beC.willbe13.openthewindow?D.DoyouC.YoupleaseB.PleasewillyouA.WillyoupleaseShewenttoHainanIslandlastweek

37、andwillreturnWhereisMissWang?14._sixdays.agoB.laterC.behindD.inA.-15.Whenagain?Whenhe,Illletyouknow.-B.willhecome;willcomeA.hecomes;comesD.willhecome;comesC.hecomes;willhecome時態(tài)練習(xí)題()1-Hecameearlythismorning,didnthe?-Yes,hedid.Heoften_toschoolearly.A.comeB.comesC.cameD.hascome()2Thesun_intheeastand_i

38、nthewest.A.raises;serise;setsC.rises;setsD.rises;set()3.-Iusuallmilkandbreadforbreakfast.Whataboutyou,Jim?-SodoI,butmysister_.A.hasntB.doesntC.didnwont()4-Thattenpoundnotebelongstome.-.A.Yes,itbelongsB.No,itdoesntC.Yes,itisD.No,itisntShewillgoifitomorrow.()5A.isntrainB.dontrainC.doesnD.didntrain()6-

39、_he_toworkonfoot?-Yehe_.B.Does;go;doesA.Do;go;doD.Does;go;Is;going;does()7HowitinEnglish?A.ysayB.doyousayC.tospeakD.abouttalkyou_howtogetthebusstop?()8A.Have;knowB.Do;knowC.Are;knowingD./;know()9.I_whattheoldmansaidisright.A.amthinkingB.isthoughtC.thinkD.though()10.Couldyouringmeupassoonashe_?A.arri

40、vedB.wouldarriveC.arrivesD.willarrive()11.Ourclassesat7:30tomorrowmorning.A.beginB.beginsC.isbeginningD.werebeginning()12.Thetrain_atfivethisafternoon.leaveB.leavingC.leavesD.areleaving()13.ThetrfromTianjin_anhourago.A.arrivedB.hasarrivedwasarrivingD.arrivedat()14.Helivedtherebefore_toChina.A.comeB.

41、comesC.cameD.coming()15.Agirl_thewalletand_.A.found;turnsitwouldfind;hasturnedinitC.found;turneditinD.hfound;turnedinit()16.I_theblackboardbut_nothingonit.A.lookedat;sawB.havelooked;sawsaw;lookedatD.waslookingat;wasseeing()17.When_tolearnEnglish?A.doesshebeginB.didshebeginC.hasshebegunD.shebegan()18

42、.Myyoungerbrotherthearmy1990.A.joined;atB.joined;inC.hasjoined;inD.hasjoined;since()19.-Didyouwaitforyourfatherverylong?Itobeduntiltwointhemorning.A.didgoB.didntgoC.hadgoneD.went()20.ThestudentshardlstudiedtheEnglishlanguage,_they?A.didB.didntC.wereD.werent()21.Hecamein,_hiscoaandsatdown.A.tookdownB

43、.tookoffC.takingdowntakingoff()22.Whenhewasachild,heintgardeninthemorning.A.alwaysplaysB.alwaysplayedC.playsalwaysD.playedalways()23.Heisgooatmathsandhe_hard.A.alwaysstudyB.alwaysistudyingC.isalwaysstudyingD.studiesalways()24.Whenhewasyoungheswimintheriver.A.usedB.usedtoC.usesD.use()25.Oh,youarehere?Ithoughtyouontheplayground.A.ranB.ru