1、住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-寧夏大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.翻譯題面對多變的經(jīng)濟形勢，我們主張要大力推動開放創(chuàng)新。國際金融危機爆發(fā)7年來的實踐證明，唯有同舟共濟，才能渡過難關(guān)。在相互依存的世界里，各國有權(quán)根據(jù)自己的國情制定經(jīng)濟政策，但是也應(yīng)加強同其他國家的宏觀政策協(xié)調(diào)，擴大利益匯合點，實現(xiàn)共同發(fā)展。歐洲有諺語講：“面對變革之風(fēng)，有人砌圍墻，有人轉(zhuǎn)風(fēng)車?！蔽覀兂珜?dǎo)順勢而為，堅定不移推進自由貿(mào)易，旗幟鮮明反對保護主義，積極擴大區(qū)域經(jīng)濟合作，打造全球價值鏈，迎接新科技革命的到來。宏觀政策固然重要，但結(jié)

2、構(gòu)性改革勢在必行，這是國際社會的共識。盡管難度很大，但也應(yīng)該堅持去做，這樣才能形成全球創(chuàng)新合力，增強世界發(fā)展的新動能。【答案】In a world facing volatile economic situation, we should all work to promote opening-up and innovation. What has happened since the outbreak of the international financial crisis seven year sago proves that to work in unity is the surest

3、 way for countries to get over the difficulties. We are all interdependent in this world. While we each have the right to adopt economic policies in line with national conditions, we need to strengthen macro-policy coordination to expand the convergence of interests and achieve common development. A

4、n European proverb says, “when the wind of change blows, some build walls, while others build windmills.” We need to act along the trend of our time, firmly advance free trade, resolutely reject protectionism, and actively expand regional economic cooperation. We need to build global value chains, a

5、nd seize the opportunity of a new technological revolution. While the international community agree on the importance of macro-policies to the economy, they also recognize the urgency to go ahead with structural reform.Structural reform must be carried through no matter how difficult it is, as it is

6、 an effective way to foster conditions conducive to global innovation and bring about new momentum for global development.2.單選題Many social problems are caused by the uneven（ ）of wealth.問題1選項A.distributionB.peaceC.justiceD.section【答案】A【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項distribution“分配，分布”；B選項peace“和平”；C選項justice“公平，公正”；D

7、選項section“部分，部門”。句意：許多社會問題是由財富（ ）不均引起的。這句話要表達的意思是“財富的分配不均導(dǎo)致了社會問題”，因此A選項符合題意。3.單選題Meeting your familys nutritional needs may seem difficult considering todays busy lifestyles. But it doesnt have to（1）. Even a new emphasis（2）more fruits and vegetables doesnt necessarily（3）more preparation time if you

8、take（4）of the convenience of canned foods.When you open a（5）of fruit or vegetable at home you have at hand fresh-packed nutritional product, with no man-made ingredient, no preservatives. And all the work has been（6）for you: slicing, the peeling, （7）cooking. Canned fruits and vegetables leave you th

9、e（8）to be creative. And with the variety of fruits and vegetables available these days, you can serve different combinations create new dishes, and（9）new tastes to old recipes canned foods are（10） well. A united States Department of Agriculture are National Food Association co-sponsored study shows

10、canned vegetables to be just as（11）as fresh or frozen. Because canned vegetables are processed within hours of（12）packed, they generally retain 70 to 90（13）of their nutrients.Fruits and vegetables canning is as simple（14）when your grandmother “put up” tomatoes and other things from the garden. Fresh

11、 produce is taken from the field at just the right time, delivered to the cannery, checked, washed, sealed, and sterilized. All（15）, generally happens in less（16）24 hours to（17）the best quality and nutritional value without the need for any preservatives.Use the liquids that vegetables are canned（18

12、）as a substitute（19）water in recipes to get that last drop of good nutrition. Most major brands of canned fruits and vegetables included nutritional content and ingredient statements on their（20）. This especially important to those on calories-conscious or restricted.問題1選項A.doB.beC.seemD.need問題2選項A.

13、onB.toC.aboutD.above問題3選項A.needB.meanC.spendD.want問題4選項A.careB.useC.troubleD.advantage問題5選項A.bowlB.bottleC.canD.box問題6選項A.doneB.doC.doingD.does問題7選項A.theB.aC.withD.without問題8選項A.needB.timeC.foodD.job問題9選項A.increaseB.deleteC.putD.add問題10選項A.tooB.asC.justD.very問題11選項A.goodB.badC.betterD.worse問題12選項A.t

14、oB.beC.beingD.been問題13選項A.timesB.rateC.kilogramD.percent問題14選項A.asB.thanC.toD.same問題15選項A.thisB.aboutC.togetherD.thing問題16選項A.toB.thanC.aboutD.around問題17選項A.ensureB.remainC.makeD.produce問題18選項A.atB.inC.intoD.inside問題19選項A.ofB.aboutC.forD.to問題20選項A.papersB.namesC.brandsD.labels【答案】第1題:B第2題:A第3題:B第4題:

15、D第5題:C第6題:A第7題:A第8題:B第9題:D第10題:B第11題:A第12題:C第13題:D第14題:A第15題:A第16題:B第17題:A第18題:B第19題:C第20題:D【解析】1.考查動詞辨析。A選項do“做”；B選項be“是，成為”；C選項seem“看起來像，似乎”；D選項need“需要”。句意：考慮到當今忙碌的生活方式，滿足家庭的營養(yǎng)需求似乎很難。但這并不（ ）必須的。前面主要動詞部分為may seem difficult，空處所在句是省略句。其次，seem是系動詞，重復(fù)時以be代替，故完整句子應(yīng)為it doesnt have to be difficult，因此B選項符合

16、題意。2.考查介詞辨析。A選項on“在上”；B選項to“朝，位于”；C選項about“有關(guān)，關(guān)于”；D選項above“超過，多于”。句意：即使新的重點是更多的水果和蔬菜。這里考查了固定搭配，emphasis后面常跟on表示強調(diào)某一方面，因此A選項符合題意。3.考查動詞辨析。A選項need“需要”；B選項mean“意味著”；C選項spend“花費”；D選項want“想要”。句意：如果你充分利用罐裝食品的便利，即使新的重點是更多的水果和蔬菜，也不一定（ ）更多的準備時間。這句話表達的意思是“即使是那些水果和蔬菜，也不意味著更多的準備時間”，因此B選項符合題意。4.考查名詞辨析。A選項care“關(guān)心

17、，照顧”；B選項use“使用，用途”；C選項trouble“麻煩，煩惱”；D選項advantage“優(yōu)勢，有利條件”。句意：如果你（ ）罐裝食品的便利，即使新的重點是更多的水果和蔬菜，也不一定意味著更多的準備時間。這里考查的是固定搭配take advantage of “利用，充分利用”，因此D選項符合題意。5.考查名詞辨析。A選項bowl“碗”；B選項bottle“瓶子”；C選項can“罐頭，罐”；D選項box“盒子”。句意：當你在家打開一（ ）水果或蔬菜時，你手邊就有新鮮包裝的營養(yǎng)產(chǎn)品。根據(jù)上文的canned foods及open提示此處應(yīng)是一罐食品，因此C選項符合題意。6.考查時態(tài)。A選

18、項done表示過去；B選項do表示現(xiàn)在；C選項doing表示正在進行；D選項does表示第三人稱單數(shù)。句意：所有的工作都為你（ ）了：切片，剝皮。而這里講的是罐頭食物，罐頭食物應(yīng)該是所有的工作都已經(jīng)為消費者“做好了”，包括切片，剝皮等。因此A選項符合題意。7.考查連詞辨析。A選項the“這個（特指）”；B選項a“一個”；C選項with”和一起“；D選項still“仍然”。句意：所有的工作都為你完成了：切片，剝皮，甚至是烹飪。根據(jù)前面的the peeling“剝皮”，可以類比推測出這里也應(yīng)該是the cooking“烹飪”，因此C選項符合題意。8.考查名詞辨析。A選項need“需求，需要”；B選

19、項time“時間”；C選項food“食物”；D選項job“工作”。句意：水果和蔬菜罐頭留給了你（ ）去創(chuàng)造。通過本文的邏輯可以知道，罐頭食物是非常便捷，省時的，并且后文說道可以利用這個時間去創(chuàng)造很多新菜，因此應(yīng)該是“留了時間給人們?nèi)?chuàng)造”，因此B選項符合題意。9.考查動詞辨析。A選項increase“增加，增多”；B選項delete“刪除”；C選項put“放置”；D選項add“添加”。句意：你可以提供不同的組合創(chuàng)造新的菜肴，并（ ）新的口味的老食譜罐頭食品也很好。這里考查了固定搭配add to“把添加到”，而根據(jù)上下文可以看出罐頭食物省下的時間可以給人們創(chuàng)作的可能性，人們可以增添新的風(fēng)味到之前

20、的食譜里，因此D選項符合題意。10.考查介詞辨析。A選項too“也，也是”；B選項as“正如，像”；C選項just“僅僅，只是”；D選項very“非?！薄＞湟猓航o舊食譜添加新口味罐頭食品（ ）不錯。這里是講新風(fēng)味添加到舊食譜中也不錯，因此B選項符合題意。11.考查形容詞辨析。A選項good“好的”；B選項bad“不好的，壞的”；C選項“更好的（比較級）”；D選項worse“更糟糕的（比較級）”。句意：研究表明，罐裝蔬菜與新鮮或冷凍蔬菜一樣（ ）。這里考查了固定搭配as good as“和一樣好”，因為文章是說罐頭食物的好處的，所以它們是和新鮮食物一樣好，A選項符合題意。12.考查語態(tài)。A選項t

21、o“將要”；B選項be“變成”；C選項being“存在”；D選項been“是，有”。句意：因為罐裝蔬菜在包裝后的幾個小時內(nèi)就會被加工。而前面加的是介詞of，介詞后面要加動詞的動名詞形式，因此C選項符合題意。13.考查名詞辨析。A選項times“時間”；B選項rate“比率”；C選項kilograms“千克”；D選項percent“百分比”。句意：它們通常會保留（ ）七十到九十的營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)。這里表達的意思是“百分之七十到九十的營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)”，因此D選項符合題意。14.考查介詞辨析。A選項as“正如，像”；B選項than“比”；C選項to“朝”；D選項same“和一樣”。句意：（制作）水果和蔬菜罐頭是很

22、簡單的，就像當你的祖母“把”西紅柿和其他東西從花園里取出來一樣。這里考查的是asas“像一樣”短語，因此A選項符合題意。15.考查代詞辨析。A選項this“這個，這些”；B選項about“關(guān)于”；C選項together“和一起”；D選項thing“事情，事物”。句意：所有（ ），通常發(fā)生在24小時之內(nèi)。這里表達的是以上所有的這些事，都是在24小時之內(nèi)發(fā)生的，因此A選項符合題意。16.考查連詞辨析。A選項to“朝，位于”；B選項than“比”；C選項about“關(guān)于”；D選項around“在四周”。句意：所有這些事，通常發(fā)生在24小時（ ）。less than“少于”，這里表示的是少于24小時內(nèi)

23、發(fā)生的，因此B選項符合題意。17.考查動詞辨析。A選項ensure“確保”；B選項remain“保持，依然”；C選項make“做”；D選項produce“生產(chǎn)，引起”。句意：所有這一切，通常發(fā)生在24小時內(nèi)，以（ ）質(zhì)量和營養(yǎng)價值，不需要任何防腐劑。這里表達的是要確保營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)和質(zhì)量，因此A選項符合題意。18.考查介詞辨析。A選項at“在”，B選項in“在里面”；C選項into“進入”；D選項inside“在內(nèi)側(cè)”，句意：使用罐裝蔬菜的液體作為食譜中的水的替代品，以獲得最后一滴好的營養(yǎng)。這里表達的液體是本身就在罐頭內(nèi)里的，因此B選項符合題意。19.考查介詞辨析。A選項of“的”；B選項about

24、“關(guān)于”；C選項for“為了”；D選項to“為了，朝”。句意：使用罐裝蔬菜的液體作為食譜中的水的替代品，（ ）獲得最后一滴好的營養(yǎng)。根據(jù)全文的邏輯，這里表達的意思是用液體代替水，是為了保證營養(yǎng)不流失，因此C選項表目的符合題意。20.考查名詞辨析。A選項papers“紙巾，論文”；B選項names“名字”；C選項brands“品牌”；D選項labels“標簽”。句意：大多數(shù)主要品牌的水果和蔬菜罐頭的（ ）上都有營養(yǎng)成分和成分說明。這里表達的意思是大部分的罐頭標簽上都會寫好營養(yǎng)成分和成分說明，因此D選項符合題意。4.單選題When I emerged from the telephone box,

25、 I came face to face with a little man, who was looking as（ ）as a stray dog.問題1選項A.humbleB.patheticC.dreadfulD.merciful【答案】B【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項humble“謙遜的，簡陋的”；B選項pathetic“可憐的，悲哀的”；C選項dreadful“可怕的，糟透的，令人不快的”；D選項merciful“ 仁慈的，慈悲的，寬容的”。句意：當我從電話亭出來時，迎面遇到一個小個子男人，他看上去像一只流浪狗一樣（ ）。這里表達的意思是男人像流浪狗一樣可憐，因此B選項符合題意。5

26、.單選題The（ ） emphasis on examinations is by far the worst form of competition in schools.問題1選項A.negligentB.edibleC.fabulousD.disproportionate【答案】D【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項“疏忽的，粗心大意的”；B選項“可食用的”；C選項“驚人的，大量的”；D選項“不成比例的，太多的”，句意：（ ）強調(diào)考試是目前學(xué)校中最糟糕的競爭形式。而本題空格處講的應(yīng)該是過多地強調(diào)考試，因此D選項符合題意。6.單選題With all its advantages, the com

27、puter is by no means without its（ ）.問題1選項A.boundariesB.restraintsC.confinementsD.limitations【答案】D【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項boundaries“邊界，界限”；B選項restraints“限制，禁止”；C選項confinements“監(jiān)禁”；D選項limitations“局限性，（限制）因素”。句意：盡管計算機有許多優(yōu)點，但它決不是沒有（ ）。通過題干可以看出這里表達的意思是“計算機雖然優(yōu)點很多，但是也會有局限性”，因此D選項符合題意。7.單選題Some scientists have sugge

28、sted that Earth is a kind of zoo or wildlife（ ）for intelligent space beings, like the wilderness areas we have set up on earth to allow animals to develop naturally while we observe them.問題1選項A.conservationB.maintenanceC.storageD.reserve【答案】D【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項“野生動植物的保護（抽象概念）”；B選項“維護，保持”；C選項“貯藏（量）”；D選項“自

29、然保護區(qū)；居住地”，句意：一些科學(xué)家提出，地球是智能太空生物的一種動物園或野生動物（ ），就像我們在地球上設(shè)立的荒野區(qū)，讓動物在我們觀察時自然發(fā)展。本句表示“wildlife reserve是野生動植物保護區(qū)（具體概念）”，因此D選項符合題意。8.單選題British Prime Minister Tony Blair promised the electorate that guns would not be fired without an attempt to win a further U.N. sanction.問題1選項A.alliesB.delegatesC.votersD.ju

30、ries【答案】C【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項“同盟，同盟國”；B選項“代表，委派”；C選項“選民”；D選項“陪審團，評委會”；題干中electorate“選民，選區(qū)”，句意：英國首相布萊爾向選民承諾，如果不試圖贏得聯(lián)合國的進一步制裁，就不會開槍。因此C選項符合題意。9.單選題The gangster（ ）at his helpless victim and put a cigarette just out of reach.問題1選項A.sneeredB.scornedC.grinnedD.glared【答案】A【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項sneered“嘲笑，冷笑”；B選項scorned“

31、輕蔑”；C選項grinned“露齒而笑，咧著嘴笑”；D選項glared“怒目而視，瞪眼看”。句意：歹徒對他那無助的受害者（ ），并把一支煙放在剛好夠不到的地方。根據(jù)歹徒后面的行為可以看出，歹徒對這個受害者發(fā)出冷笑，因此A選項符合題意。10.單選題The East and the West can work together for their（ ）benefit and progress.問題1選項A.commonB.mutualC.sameD.cooperative【答案】B【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項common“普通的；一般的”，B選項mutual“共同的；相互的，彼此的”，C選項sa

32、me“同樣的；一樣的”，D選項cooperative“合作的；合作社的”；原句：東西方可以為各自的（ ）利益和進步而共同努力。通過帶入A、B、C、D可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，句子想要表達的意思是：共同的利益，而mutual是最能體現(xiàn)這個含義的，它有各自為戰(zhàn)，卻又有共同之處的含義，因此B選項符合題意。11.單選題The old couple decided to（ ）a boy and a girl though they had three children of their own.問題1選項A.adaptB.bringC.receiveD.adopt【答案】D【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項adapt“使適應(yīng)

33、；改編”，B選項bring“帶來；拿來”，C選項receive“接受”，D選項adopt“采??；接受；收養(yǎng)”；題干為：這對年邁的父母決定去（ ）一個男孩和一個女孩，即使他們已經(jīng)有了三個自己的孩子。因此根據(jù)邏輯我們知道他們是“領(lǐng)養(yǎng)”孩子，因此D選項符合題意。12.填空題The United States is a nation of suburbs.The1990 census（人口普查）makes it official. Nearly half the countrys population now lives in suburbs, up from a quarter in 1950 an

34、d a third in 1960.The third century of American history is shaping up as the suburban century. Until 1920 most Americans lived in rural areas. By 1960 the country was a third urban, a third rural, and a third suburban. That balance didnt last long, however. By 1990 the urban population had slipped t

35、o 31 percent and the rural population was down to less than a quarter. We are now a suburban nation with an urban fringe and a rural fringe.The first century of American life was dominated by the rural myth: the sturdy and self-reliant Jeffersonian farmer. By the end of the nineteenth century, howev

36、er, Americans were getting off the farms as fast as they could, to escape the hardship and brutality of rural life.Most of the twentieth century has been dominated by the urban myth: the melting pot; New York, New York; the cities as the nations great engines of prosperity and culture. All the while

37、, however, Americans have been getting out of the cities as soon as they can afford to buy a house and a car. They want to escape the crowding and dangers of urban life. But there is more to it than escape. As Kenneth T. Jackson argues in Crabgrass Frontier, a history of suburbanization in the Unite

38、d States, the pull factors (cheap housing and the ideal of a suburban “dream house”) have been as important as the push factors population growth and racial prejudice).The 1990 Census tells the story of the explosive growth of suburbs. That year fourteen states had a majority suburban population, in

39、cluding six of the ten most populous states (California, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Michigan, Florida, and New Jersey).Suburban growth is not likely to end anytime soon. According to the polls, 43 percent of Boston residents, 43 percent of people who live in Los Angeles, and 60 percent of those who live in

40、 New York City say they would leave the city if they could. When the Gallup Poll asked Americans in 1989 what kind of place they would like to live in, only 19 percent said a city.Is there a suburban myth? Sure there is. It has been a staple of American popular culture since the 1950s, from televisi

41、on shows like The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet and Leave It to Beaver to movies like E.T. The debunking of the suburban myth has now reached American popular culture, where television comedies about lower middle-class families like Roseanne and the Simpsons portray the harsh realities of suburban

42、 life-unemployment, troubled families, and, above all, stress.Write “A” for True or “F” for False in the brackets:_ 61. The greater part of the American population now lives in the suburbs._ 62. Cheap housing is one of the reasons for Americans wanting to live in the suburbs._ 63. In the U.S. a hous

43、e in the suburbs is a symbol of prosperity and culture._ 64. In 1989 most Americans still said they preferred living in urban areas._ 65. The main part of American popular culture since the 1950s has been dominated by the suburb myth.【答案】FTFFF【解析】1.定位到第一段Nearly half the countrys population now lives

44、 in suburbs, up from a quarter in 1950 and a third in 1960.（美國現(xiàn)在有近一半的人口住在郊區(qū)，而1950年只有四分之一，1960年只有三分之一。）題干與原文不符，因此不對。2.定位到第四段 the pull factors(cheap housing and the ideal of a suburban “dream house”) have been as important as the push factors population growth and racial prejudice.（牽引力因素廉價住房和郊區(qū)“夢想之家”的

45、理想與人口增長和種族偏見一樣重要），可以得知廉價的住房也是他們離開的原因之一，因此題干表達正確。3.定位到第四段the cities as the nations great engines of prosperity and culture.（城市是國家繁榮和文化的重要引擎。）而不是美國的房子是繁榮和文化的象征。因此題干和原文的表達是不符的，錯誤。4.定位到倒數(shù)第二段When the Gallup Poll asked Americans in 1989 what kind of place they would like to live in, only 19 percent said a

46、 city.（1989年，蓋洛普民意測驗詢問美國人他們想住在什么樣的地方，只有19%的人回答是城市。）這一句和題干不相符，只有19%的人們表示喜歡居住在城市，并不是題干說的大部分，因此錯誤。5.定位到第三段和第四段The first century of American life was dominated by the rural myth: the sturdy and self-reliant Jeffersonian farmer. By the end of the nineteenth century, however, Americans were getting off th

47、e farms as fast as they could, to escape the hardship and brutality of rural life. Most of the twentieth century has been dominated by the urban myth（美國人生活的第一個世紀被鄉(xiāng)村神話所主宰：強壯而自立的杰斐遜式農(nóng)民。然而，到了19世紀末，美國人開始盡可能快地離開農(nóng)場，以逃避農(nóng)村生活的艱難和殘酷。20世紀的大部分時間里，都市神話一直占據(jù)著主導(dǎo)地位）原文并沒有說是具體哪一年被誰主導(dǎo)，因此題干的表述也是不對的，錯誤。13.單選題（ ）money fro

48、m his department, Mr. Williams would have been promoted to the position as director.問題1選項A.If he did not stealB.Had he not stolenC.Did he not stealD.Should he not steal【答案】B【解析】考查虛擬語氣。條件狀語從句中的虛擬語氣，對過去的虛擬，had提前，省掉if，原句是：If sb. had not done sth., sb. would have done.意思是如果某人沒有做，某人就會，A選項少了一個should；C選項和D

49、選項都是疑問句的語氣，排除；因此B選項符合題意。句意為：威廉姆斯先生要不是偷部門的錢，他早就被提升為主任了。14.單選題It is important that the hotel receptionist（ ）that guests are registered correctly.問題1選項A.has made sureB.made sureC.must make sureD.make sure【答案】D【解析】考查虛擬語氣。It is important that.句式中，其中由that引導(dǎo)的主語從句通常用“should+動詞原形”這樣的虛擬語氣，其中的should通常省略。因此A、B、

50、C的表達是錯誤的，D選項符合題意。15.單選題The survey found 80 percent of viewers were（ ）by the violent scenes in the film.問題1選項A.eliminatedB.alertedC.offendedD.discouraged【答案】C【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項eliminated“被淘汰，消除”；B選項alerted“使警覺，警告”；C選項offended“冒犯，生氣”；D選項discouraged“使灰心”。句意：調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，80%的觀眾對影片中的暴力鏡頭感到（ ）。這里表達的含義是“對暴力鏡頭感到被冒犯（反感）

51、”。因此C選項符合題意。16.單選題The consumer（ ）in recent years has led to an explosion of shopping center development in big cities like Beijing, Shanghai and Canton.問題1選項A.boomB.pressureC.summitD.volume【答案】A【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項boom“繁榮，迅速發(fā)展”；B選項pressure“迫使，密封”；C選項summit“頂峰，頂點”；D選項volume“成團卷起”。句意：近幾年的消費（ ）促使北京、上海和廣州這樣的大

52、城市中的購物中心快速地發(fā)展起來。這里的意思是“消費的繁榮使得購物中心發(fā)展”，因此A選項符合題意。17.單選題Before taking a standardized test, one should（ ）himself or herself with all the items that constitute the test paper.問題1選項A.acquaintB.fascinateC.acquitD.familiar【答案】A【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項acquaint“使熟悉，使認識”；B選項fascinate“使著迷，使神魂顛倒”；C選項acquit“無罪釋放，表現(xiàn)”；D選項fa

53、miliar“熟悉的，常見的，親近的”。句意：在參加標準化考試之前，考生應(yīng)該_構(gòu)成試卷的所有項目。句子表達的是，在考試之前，要熟悉構(gòu)成試卷的項目，因此A選項符合題意。18.單選題The leaders of the two countries feel it desirable to（ ）funds from armaments to health and education.問題1選項A.deriveB.depriveC.dispatchD.divert【答案】D【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項derive“源自，得自”；B選項deprive“使喪失，剝奪”；C選項dispatch“派遣，發(fā)送”

54、；D選項divert“轉(zhuǎn)移，使轉(zhuǎn)向”。句意：兩國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人認為，將資金從軍備（ ）衛(wèi)生和教育是可取的。這里表達的意思是“將資金從軍備轉(zhuǎn)向衛(wèi)生和教育”，因此D選項符合題意。19.單選題According to zoologists, animal populations at a given time are（ ）by food supplies at that time.問題1選項A.governedB.sustainedC.restrictedD.manipulated【答案】B【解析】考查動詞辨析。A選項governed“管理，統(tǒng)治”；B選項sustained“維持，持續(xù)”；C選項restri

55、cted“限制”；D選項manipulated“被操控的”。句意：根據(jù)動物學(xué)家的說法，特定時間內(nèi)的動物數(shù)量是由當時的食物供應(yīng)（ ）的。這里表示的意思是“這些食物決定了這里可以維持的動物的數(shù)量”，因此B選項符合題意。20.單選題There is a general（ ）that pouring old wine into the same bottles is the wrong way to go.問題1選項A.consensusB.censusC.neglectedD.negligible【答案】A【解析】考查。A選項consensus“一致，輿論，合意”；B選項census“人口普查，人口

56、調(diào)查”；C選項neglected“被忽視的，無人照管的”；D選項negligible“微不足道的，可以忽略的”。句意：人們_認為，把陳年的酒倒進同一個瓶子里是錯誤的做法。這里表達的意思是“人們都普遍（一致）認為”，因此A選項符合題意。21.單選題As the door of China is open, Western ideas and（ ）come in.問題1選項A.moralB.moraleC.moralsD.value【答案】C【解析】考查了名詞辨析。A選項moral“道德；寓意”，B選項morale“士氣；斗志”，C選項morals“品行；道德；道德觀念”，D選項value“值；價

57、值；價格”，根據(jù)句子的意思應(yīng)該是說各種各樣的價值觀念涌入中國，只有C可以表示“各種思想和價值觀”，因此C選項符合題意。句意為：隨著中國的大門打開，西方的思想和道德觀進來了。22.填空題Throughout the past century humanity did everything in its power to control nature. We dammed earths rivers, chopped down the forests and exhausted the soils. Burning up fuels, we pumped a great deal of green

58、house gases into the air, altering the chemistry of the atmosphere and warming the planet in just a few decades. And as our population began the year 2000 above the 6 billion mark, still spreading across the continents, dozens of animal and plant species were dying out every day, including the first

59、 primate（靈長類）to disappear in more than 100 years.At the start of the 21st century there were unmistakable signs that nature was beginning to take its revenge. Melting ice in both poles of the earth suggested that the climate was changing rapidly. Weather was even more changeable than usual; giving s

60、ome places too little rain and others too much. Fires raced across the dried American West last summer, and recent storms spread damages from Britain to China. No specific event could be directly blamed on global warming, floods and drought will be more frequentand severe. Other sad signs from an ov