1、 高考中的初中英語語法知識 第三講： 形容詞、副詞 (一) 形容詞、副詞的作用與位置形容詞是用來修飾名詞的， 常被放在名詞前作定語或放在系動詞后面作表語。 而副詞則用來修飾形容詞動詞、其他副詞或者句子， 一般位于形容詞之前，動詞之后或句子之首。 以下屬幾種特殊情況， 須牢記：形容詞短語作定語，定語后置。 eg. a language difficult to master a leaning tower about 180 feet high2. 表語形容詞（afraid , alike , alone , asleep, awake , alive 等）作定語，定語后置 如 a man al

2、ive 有些表身體健康狀況的形容詞如well , faint ,ill 只作表語。 sick既可作表語又可作定語，ill 如作定語意為 “bad” 。3. 形容詞用作定語，修飾不定代詞通常后置。4. else 常用作疑問代詞 和不定代詞的后置定語。5. enough ,nearly 等修飾名詞前置或后置均可。 但enough 修飾形容詞、副詞時必須后置。6. 幾個副詞并列作狀語時， 其順序較靈活， 一般是： 方式地點時間。We had a good time together outdoors last Sunday .7. 頻度副詞often , always , usually 等放在be

3、 之后、 行為動詞前。8. 副詞作定語，定語后置。 The people there are friendly 10. 以ly 結(jié)尾的詞性辨析1） 下列單詞以ly 結(jié)尾 （并非副詞） lively , lonely , lovely deadly ,friendly ugly ,silly , likely brotherly timely. 空間與抽象 close-closely, high- highly , low lowly , deep-deeply 3）有無ly 意義大不相同的副詞 dead 完全 絕對 - deadly late lately (最近） （二）復(fù)合形容詞的構(gòu)成 形

4、名ed kind - hearted white haired形形 red hot dark blue 形 現(xiàn)分 good looking easy going 副詞 現(xiàn)分 hard working fast moving 副詞 過分 hard won newly made名 形 life long world famous 名 現(xiàn)分 peace loving fun loving8 . 名 過分 snow covered hand made 9. 數(shù) 名 ed four storeyed three legged10. 數(shù) 名 ten-year two - man（三） 形容詞與副詞的比較等

5、級 原級的構(gòu)成和用法 構(gòu)成： 形容詞、副詞的原級即本身 用法： 表示雙方在程度、性質(zhì)、特征等方面 相等時用“ as + 原級 as ” 不等時用 “ not so /as + 原級as ” 倍數(shù)用 “ 倍數(shù) as + 原級 as ”Eg: Xiao Wang is as tall as Xiao Yu . This building looks not so /as high as that one . Miss Liu speaks English as fluently as you. This room is three times as large as that one . 2. 比

6、較級和最高級的構(gòu)成1） 規(guī)則形容詞、副詞的比較級和最高級（4種）2）不規(guī)則的形容詞、副詞的級要特殊記。good / well - bad / ill - many / much -little - far - old -3. 比較級的用法1）雙方比較， 表示一方超過另一方時， 用“比較級than “ 的結(jié)構(gòu) 如This picture is more beautiful than that one .2）表示一方不及另一方時，用“ less + 原級 than”結(jié)構(gòu) This room is less beautiful than that one.3) 表示一方在程度或數(shù)量上超過另一方時，可

7、在比較級 前加表示程度的狀語， 如 even , a lot , a bit , a little, still, much , far , yet ,by far等修飾。 6） 某些以ior 結(jié)尾的形容詞進行比較時， 用to 代替than . 這些詞有inferior (劣等的 ，次的） ，superior , junior(資歷較淺的）, senior 。 如： he is superior to Mr Zhang in chemistry.7) 倍數(shù)表達法A is + 倍數(shù) the size ( height / length /width /depth ) of BA is + 倍數(shù)

8、as as BA is + 倍數(shù) 比較級 than B注意： times 表三倍以上 ， 兩倍用 twice / double譯： 我們的學(xué)校比他們的學(xué)校大三倍。（三種方法）4）形容詞最高級修飾作表語或介詞賓語的名詞、代詞時， 被修飾的的詞往往省略。如： He is the tallest boy in his class .5) 作狀語的副詞最高級前可以不加定冠詞。5. 由 as / so 組成的形容詞或副詞短語。1） as much as + 不可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量。如： Each stone weighs as much as 15 tons . She could earn as much a

9、s ten dollars a week .2) as many as + 可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量如： I have as many as sixteen reference books.3) as early as 早在As early as the twelfth century the English began to invade the island .6. 幾組重要詞語辨析1） very 和 much 的區(qū)別 可分等級的形容詞和副詞前使用very 不用 much . 表示狀態(tài)的過去分詞前用very 。 如： a very frightened boy ; a very tired child

10、 a very complicated problem以 -ing , -ed 結(jié)尾的分詞 多用 much , very much , greatly 修飾。 如：We were greatly shocked by the news about Tom.too 前用much 或 far , 不用very , You are much / far / a lot too nice. 注意： 修飾絕對意義的形容詞，一般不用very , 而用 quite, completely , well , entirely 等修飾。 如： quite wrong / mistaken / sure ; co

11、mpletely dead ; quite impossible , quite perfect 等 。1. more than 不只是（= not only) Miss Li is more than a teacher. Shes our best friend.2. more than + 數(shù)詞，多于，超過，相當(dāng)于over There are over/ more than 70 students in our class. 3. more than與其說 不如說He is more diligent than clever7.請區(qū)分下列詞組4.more than 極其地，非常地（=ve

12、ry) They are more than satisfied. 5. This is more than+ 從句 此事非某人所能5. sth is more than + 從句 ( 此事非某人所能 )Eg :This problem is more than I can solve. This is more than I can say.6. more than one 不只一個（謂語動詞用單數(shù)） more than once 不只這一次 More than one person _ this secret. 7. more than not more than 不超過，至多 at th

13、e most no more than 僅僅 ， 和 一樣少no more than 兩者同樣不not more than 前者不如后者；不比 更 高考再現(xiàn)（2005 北京）This _ girl is Lindas cousin .pretty little Spanish B. Spanish little prettyC. Spanish pretty little D. little pretty Spanish2. (2005 天津） Mr Smith owns _ collection of coins than anyone else I have ever met . A. l

14、arge B a larger C. the larger D. a large3.Mary cant speak English _ her friends , but her written work is perfect .A. as well as B. as often as C. so much as D. as good asADA4. How _ can you finish your composition ?often B. soon C. long D. rapid5.( 2005 汕頭） it was _ late to catch a bus after the pa

15、rty ; therefore we called a taxi . A. too very B. much too C. too much D. far6.(2005 西城區(qū)） It takes us quite long to go there by ship, its _ by road .quick B. the quickest C. must quick D. quicker7.- How was your last visit to Shanghai ? - It was great ,I visited some friends , and spent the_ days at

16、 the seashore.few last sunny B. last few sunny C. last sunny few D. few sunny lastBBDB12.(2005 河南）If you are_ about Australian cities , just read the book written by Dr . Jerested B. anxious C. upset D. curious13. (2005 南京） The teachers in our school are_ young people between the age of tw

17、enty-five and forty . A. most B. almost C. mostly D. at most14. (2005 海淀區(qū)） She told us _ story that we were moved to tears.such a moving B. such moving a C. so a moving D. a so movingDCA15.(2005 鹽城） After the new technology was introduced , the company produced _ cars in 2005 as the year before . A. as twice many B. as many twice C. twice as many D. twice many as16.(2005 江西） Excuse me , is this Mr Hills office ? Im sorry , but Mr Hill _ works here . He left abou