NationalEnglishContestforCollegeStudents(LevelC–Preliminary)PartIlisteningComprehension(25minutes,30marks)SectionA(5marks) Inthissection,youwillhearfiveshortconversations.Eachconversationwillbereadonlyonce.Aftereachconversation,therewillbeapause.Duringthepause,readthequestionandthethreechoicesmarkedA,BandC,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.Thenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheanswersheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.Wheredoesthisconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inanengineroom.B.inacar.C.Inafactory.2.Whoisthemantalkingto?A.Alifeguard.B.Atravelagent.C.Agymnasiummanager.3.Howwillthecorrectpricebedetermined?A.Bycallingthecompany.B.Byaskingthesalesrepresentative.C.Bylookingatthepricelist.4.WhyisSueupsetaccordingtotheconversation?A.Someonebrokeintohercar.B.Shehadtopaytoomuchforparking.C.Shewasgivenaticket.5.Whatdothetwospeakersprobablydoforaliving.A.Officeclerks.B.Printers.C.Archiects.SectionB(10marks)Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Eachconversationwillbereadonlyonce.Aftereachconversation,therewillbeaone-minutepause.Duringthepause,readthefivequestions,eachwiththethreechoicesmarkedA,BandC,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheanswersheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentreConversationOne6.Whydidthemanwatchthevideo?A.ItwasrequiredbyProfessorStephen.B.Hewantedtolearnaboutheartattacks.C.Hehadtotakepartinadiscussion.7.Intheman’sopinion,whatisthevideoabout?A.Men’shealth.B.Stress.C.Healthcareforwomen.8.Whatdidthemanlearnfromthevideo?A.Womenareundermorestressthanmen.B.Womenhavemoreheartattacksthanmen.C.Womenwhohaveheartattacksgetlesscarethanmen.9.Atwhatagesarewomenmostlikelytohaveaheartattack?A.40to50.B.60to65.C.45to60.10.Whatdoesthewomanthinkaboutthevideo?A.Itsoundspuzzling.B.Itsoundsveryinteresting.C.Itsoundsverydull.ConversationTwo11.Howlongdidthemanwaitbeforehiscallwasanswered?A.Twentyminutes.B.Twelveminutes.C.Twenty-fourminutes.12.WhydidthemanphoneInterserveCustomerService?A.Hewantedtoknowwhattherecordedmessagemeans.B.Hedidn’tknowwhichbuttontochoose.C.Hewantedtoknowifhecanusehise-mailaddresswhileoverseas.13.Whatdoesthemanthinkaboutthemenuofoptions?A.Itsmeaningisn’tambiguous.B.Itisfarfromclear.C.Itissatisfactory.14.Whichdepartmentwouldthemanhavespokentoifhadchosenbuttontwo?A.AccountsandBilling.B.GeneralEnquiries.C.AccountsandService.15.Whatwilltheoperatordonext?A.Makeanofficialcomplaint.B.Improvethemenuofoptions.C.Makeanoteoftheman’scomplaint.SectionC(5marks)Inthissection,youwillhearfiveshortnewsitems.Eachitemwillbereadonlyonce.Aftereachitem,therewillbeapause,Duringthepause,readthequestionandthethreechoicesmarkedA,BandC,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.Thenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheanswersheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.16.Howdoesrotationalgrazingreducetheneedforpesticidetreatments?A.Byincreasingtheuseofnaturalfertilizer.B.Bylimitingtheneedforchemicalfertilizers.C.Byreducingthegrowthofweeds.17.Whichnewsagencyvotesforthetoptennewsstories?A.Reuters.B.TheAssociatedPressC.UnitedPressInternational.18.Whichcountiesspentbillionsofdollarstodevelopnewoilfields?A.Syria,BrazilandRussia.B.Brazil,IranandSaudiArabia.C.SaudiArabie,BrazilandRussia.19.WhyhasthenumberofcamelsinIndiabeendecreasinginrecentyears?A.Becausetheyaredyingfromtravelingtoofar.B.Becausetheyareshortoffood.C.Becausetheyareinfectedwithadisease.20.Whatisasymptomofmultiplesclerosis?A.Lossoftheabilitytohear.B.Lossoftheabilitytoseewell.C.Lossoftheabilitytospeakclearly.SectionD(10marks)Inthissection,youwillhearashortpassagewhichwillbereadonlyonce.Thereare10missingwordsorphrases.Fillintheblankswiththeexactwordsorphrasesyouhearonthetape.Remembertowritetheanswersontheanswersheet.ThefourthcomponentoftheSwedishsocialsystemisthatitspoliciesensurefullemploymentandincreasethemobilityoflabour-thatis,theabilitytochangejobswithout(21)______income.Swedeshaveastrongworkethic.This,combinedwithstate-fundedprogrammersthat(22)_______unemployment,whichSwedenpreferstohighunemploymentratesandlargewelfare(23)______.So,therearealargenumberof(24)_______trainingprogrammesthatunemployersparfor(25)___________toworkersinjobsthathavebecomeunnecessary.Therearealsosubsidiesforworkerswhomustchangejobsbecauseofchangesinthelabourmarket.Swedenintroducedthefifthandfinalcomponentofitssocialsystemattheendofthe20thcentury.Thiscomponentcorrectssomeoftheproblemscreatedbythefour(26)________mentionedcomponents.Itincludesnewrulesthataredesignedtoimprovejobstability,suchastrainingprogrammestohelpemployeeslearnnewskillsastheirjobschangeandbecomemore(27)______,Also,thegovernmenthasreducedsocial(28)_________andwelfarepayments.So,inconclusion,theSwedesarehappywiththeirsystem.Swedenhasachievedmoreintermsofsocialequality,economic(29)________thanmanyothereconomies.Asaresult,mostSwedesaren’tinterestedinanymorereformoftheeconomicsystem.However,becauseitis(30)_________ininternationalmarkets,Swedenmustcontinuetomanageitssocialpoliciessothatitremainscompetitiveintheinternationalmarketplace.PartIIVocabularyandStructure(10minutes,15marks)31.Thebusinessmendiscussedthecontract_____________butneveractuallysignedanything.A.atlength.B.atsea.C.atrandon.D.atwill.32.AccustomedtothecoffeefromColumbia________GovernorJohnsaidthat________coffeeshouldalwaysbestrong.A./;a.B.the;a.C.a;a.D./;/.33._________awell-balanceddiet,________adequatesleep,isneededforgoodhealth.A.Alongside;with.B.Notonly;but.C.Attached;to.D.Dueto;so34._________veryfamiliarwithinspectionreports,Irealizedthatsomepagesofthisoneweremissing.A.TobeB.ThatwasC.BeingD.Sowas35.Ifyouhavenotsignedacontract,youareunderno_________topaythemanymoney.A.responsibilityB.liabilityC.circumstanceD.obligation36.Asthemarketwas_________goods,theeconomybecamemorebalanced,andinflationwentdown.A.speculatedonB.subscribedforC.saturatedwithD.submittedto37.Surveysshowthatthemajorityofpassengersarepleasedthatanagreementhasbeenreachedtoforbidsmokingon_________flightswithinthecontinentalUnitedStates.A.economicalB.commercialC.globalD.internal38.ThenewCEOaskedthatallinter-officecommunications________inwritingratherthaninperson,_________possible.A.havebeenmade;whoeverB.wouldbemade;whicheverC.bemade;wheneverD.stagebareofscenery39.Writtentobeperformedona__________,ThorntonWilder’splayOurTowndepictslifeinasmallNewEnglandcommunity.A.stagesceneryofbareB.bareofstagesceneryC.scenerybareofstageD.stagebareofscenery40.____________schoolpolicy,thestudentshadaholidaybetweenChritmasandtheNewYear.A.OnbehalfofB.WithregardtoC.InlinewithD.Incaseof41.Tosellthehouse,wemadea__________tothebuyerbyagreeingtoputanewroofonit.A.considerationB.commissionC.concessionD.confirmation42.Neverbefore_________availableforquickandeasyacessinsomanydifferentfieldsofstudy.A.somuchfreeinformationwereB.hassomuchfreeinformationbeenC.weresomuchfreeinformationD.somuchfreeinformationhasbeen43.Thecomputercompanyannouncedthatthenewsolfware__________inthefirsthalfofnextyear.A.bereleasedB.willhavereleasedC.wouldhavereleasedD.wasgoingtobereleased44.Tina:AgroupofusaregoingboelingonTuesdaynight.Wouldyouliketojoinus?Joe:Ireallywould,butunfortunatelyIhaveatennislesson.Tina:Oh,that’stoobad._________Joe:Yes,forsure.Thanksfortheoffer.A.Howdoyoudealwiththat?B.Maybeanothertimethen?C.Whenwillyoucomeback?D.Don’tyoureallylikebowling?45.George:Hey,Agnes.HowdidtheHumanResourcesmeetinggo?Icouldn’tmakeitbecauseIwasoutatasalesconference.Agnes:Oh,George.__________Itturnedintoamajorargument.George:Really?A.Gladyou’rebacknow.B.You’reluckytohavemissedit.C.Nicetoseeyouagain.D.You’rejustontime.PartIIIReadingComprehension(20minutes,35marks)SectionA(5marks)Inthissection,thereisonepassagefollowedbyfivequestion.Foreachquestion,therearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice,andthenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheanswersheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Whene-mailfirstcameintogeneraluseaboutfifteenyearsago,therewasalotoftalkabouttheimminentarrivalofthepaperlessoffice.However,itseemsthate-mailhasyettorevolutionizeofficecommunications.AccordingtocommunicateionsanalystRichardMetcalf,someofficeshaveactuallyseenanincreaseinpaperasincreaseinpaperasaresultofe-mail.”Informationintheformofe-mailmessagesnowfloodsourcomputerscreens.Thesemessagescanbedistributedinthehundres.Forthosesecretarieswhosebooksaskthemtoprintoutalltheire-mailsandleavethemintheirintrays,thismeansusingupagreatdealofpapereverymonth,”Metcalfsays.Metcalfhasfoundthatbecausesomee-mailsgetlostincyberspace,asareincreasinglylikelytobeaskedbyclientsandcolleaguestosendallimportantdocumentsbothbye-mailsandbyfaxor“snailmail”-thoughthepost.Thishighlightsafutherpostentialproblemwithe-mailintoday’soffices-itistakinguptimeratherthansavingit.“Withe-mail,communicationismucheasier,butthereisalsomoreroomformisunderstrandings,”sayspsaychologistDrDavidLewisGenerally,muchlseecareistakewithe-mailsthanwithlettersorfaxesandthesenderwillprobablyprintthethedocumentsandrereaditbeforeputtingitinanenvelopeorsendingitbyfax.Moreworryingisstilltheincreasemisuseofe-mailforsending“flame-mail”–abusiveorinappropriatee-mailmessages.Recentresearchinseveralcompaniessuggeststhataggressivecommunicationslikethisareontheincrease.E-mailhasbecometheperfectmediumforexpressingworkplacefrustrationbecauseissoinstant.E-mailcanalsobeaprobleminorderways.Staffalltoooftenmakethemistakeofthinkingthatthecondenseofane-mail,likethingssaidoverthephone,areprivateandnotpermanent.Butitisnotonlypossibleforanemployertoreadallyoure-mails,itisalsoperfectlylegal-mailmessagescanbetracedbacktotheiroriginforaperiodofatlasttwoyears,soyoumightwanttorethinke-mailingyourfrustrationsaboutyourjobtoyourfriends.Theadviceistokeeppersonale-mailsoutoftheoffice.Itgoeswithoutsayingthate-mailexiststomakelifeeasier,andifusedcorrectly,itisaninvaluabletoolforbusinessofallsizes.Butperhaps,forthetimebeing,thefactthatinthebusinessword70persentofalldocumentsarestillinpaperformisnotsuchabadthingafterall.46.Whyhasthepromiseofthepaperlessofficenotcometrueinmanyoffices?A.Peoplewritemorememosthantheyusedto.B.Maybesecretarieskeeppapercopiesofeverythingtheirbossessendandreceive.C.Manymanagersprefertoreadtheirmessagesonpaper.D.Staffleavemessagerslyingaroundtheiroffices. 47.WhatdoseRichardMetcalfsayaboute-mailinParagraphTwo?A.ItisnotanappropriatechannelforsendingimportantinformationB.Itincreasestheamountofpaperworkdoneinoffices.C.Itisnotpopularwithmanysecretaries.48.HowdoesDavidLewisfeelaboute-mailmessages?A.Manyofthemarenotwellwritten.B.Manyofthemaretoolong.C.Manyofthemarenotprintedout.D.Manyofthemareneverread49.Whyshouldemployeesnotusecompanye-mailsystemsforpersonalmessages?A.Becausecompanye-mailsystemsarenoteasytouse.B.Becausethepeoplethemessagessenttocan’t.C.Becausetheyallowpeopletoexpresstheirangerimmediately.D.Becausee-mailisnotaprivatemeansofcommunication.50.Whatdosethewriterconcludeaboute-mailinthelastparagraph?A.Ithasalreadymadelifealoteasierformanybusiness.B.Itisnotbeingusedenoughinbusinesstoday.C.Itwillneverreplacewrittencommunication.D.Itisreallyusefulwhenpeopleuseitproperly.SectionB(10marks)Inthissection,thereisonepassagefollowedbyfiveincompletesentences.Readthepassagecarefully,andthencompletethesentencesinamaximumoftherewordsforeachblank.Remembertowritetheanswersontheanswersheet.Questions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Itiswellknownthatsomeculturesprefersonstodaughters.Incontrast,surveyshaverevealedthatsomepeoplewouldratherhaveadaughterthanason.Apparently,eachofthesepreferencehasitsexplanationinthelocalculture.Aroundtheworld,peoplewhoprefersonshavesimilarreasons.Inmanycountries,sonsarevaluedbecausetheycanworkandcontributetothefamilyincome.Also,sonswillbeabletosupporttheirparentswhentheparentsareold.Insomecultures,sonsareimportantbecausetheyenablethefamilynametocontinueforanothergeneration.Thisisbecausethewifeintheseculturestakesherhusband’sfamilyname,andmoreorless“belongs”tothehusband’sfamily.Inaddition,havingadaughtercansometimescausedifficultforafamily.InIndia,forexample,havingadaughtercanbeaburdenbecausethefamilyhastopayadowrywhenthegirlgetsmarried.Generally,peoplethinktraditionalculturesaretheonesinwhichboysarepreferred.Researchseemstosupportthisbelief.However,accordingtoasurveyconductedin,peopleintheCzechRepublic,Lithuania,Portugal,andtheCaribbeanprefertohavedaughters.Theresearcherssaidthatparentsinthesesocietiesdonotneedtohavethesameeconomicsituationthatexistsinothercountries,sotheydonotneedtohaveasontohelpmakemoney.Instead,familiesinthesecountrieswantdaughtersforemotionalreasons.Manymothersthinktheywillhaveabetterrelationshipwithadaughterthanason,forexample.Inaddition,theythinkdaughterswilltakebettercareofthemwhentheyareold.InJapan,asimilartrendhasemerged.Thismightcomeasasurprisetosome,becauseonlyonegenerationago,theJapanesefavoredsons.In1982,overhalfofJapanesecouplessurveyedwouldwantaboyiftheycouldhaveonlyonechild.Asurveydonein1997,ontheotherhand,foundthat75percentwantedagirl!SomeJapanesecouplessaytheywanttohavedaughtersbecausetheythinkdaughtersarecuterandeasiertoraise.Japanesecouplesalsoworryaboutbeingtakencareofwhentheyareold.Iftheyhavetolivewiththeirchildrenwhentheyareveryold,manyJapaneseparentswouldwanttolivewithadaughter.“Asonswifewouldbeastrangerandhardertoaskforhelp,”oneJapanesemothersaid.Criticswarnthatpreferenceforadaughterisjustasbadaspreferenceforason.“Insteadofvaluingchildrenforthesocialrolestheyareexpectedtofill,parentsmustlearntovaluechildrenasindividuals,”criticssay.whenthatisthecase,parentswillbeequallypleasedwithasonordaughter.Questions:51.Thereasonsthatparentsprefertohavesonsaretocontinue____,toHelpearnmoneyforthefamily,andtosupporttheparentsintheiroldAge.52.Japan’spreferencefordaughtersnowisquite____becausenotlongagoThepreferencewasforsons.53.Insomedevelopingcountries,parentsvalueboysmorethangirlsmainlyfor_____.54.InIndia,parentsreceive_______whentheirsonsgetmarried.55.Criticsmaintainthatchildrenshouldbetreatedbytheirparentsas___.SectionC(10marks)Inthissection,thereisonepassagefollowedbyfivequestions.Readthepassagecarefullyandthenanswereachofthequestionsinamaximumof10words.Remembertowritetheanswersontheanswersheet.Questions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Atleast600,000jobscoulddisappearintheUKthisyear,accordingtoareportbyapersonnelmanagers’professionalbody.TheCharteredInstituteofPersonnelandDevelopmentsayseventhosewhoescaperedundancywillfacepayfreezes.Itsaysthatwhiletotalunemploymentwillnothitthreemillion,thetimebetweenNewYearandEasterwillbetheworstforjoblossessince1991.Accordingtoofficialstatistics,therewere1.86millionpeopleoutofworkintheUKinOctober,.Thisfigurewasthehighestsince1997,takingtheoverallunemploymentrateto6percent.DavidFrostoftheBritishChamberofCommercesays,“Itistheworstyear.Companiesareinsurvivalmode.”TheCIPD,whichrepresentsmanagersandpersonnelstaff,issueditsgloomyforecastadayafterchildren’sretailerAdamsjoinedagrowinglistofwellknownchainsapplyingforbankruptcyprotection.ChiefeconomistJohnPhilpottsaid,“Inthefaceofsomeskepticism,theCIPDwarnedthatwouldtheUK’sworstyearforjobsinadecade.Itwas,butinretrospectitwillbeseenasmerelytheslow–motionpreludetowhatwillbetheworstyearforjobsinalmosttwodecades.TheCIPD’sannualbarometerforecastisthattheUKeconomywillshedatleast600,000jobsin.Overall,the18-monthperiodfromthestartoftherecessioninmid-untiltheendofwillwitenessthelossofaroundthreequartersofamillionjobs,equivalenttothetotalnetriseinemploymentintheprecedingthreeyears.”MrPhilpottsaidjoblosseswerelikelytocontinueinto,takingthefinaltolltoaboutonemillion.TheCIPDalsosurveyed2,600workersandfoundthatmorethanoneinfourdidnotexpectapayrisenextyear,whileothersfearedwagecuts.Theinstitute’srewardadviser,CharlesCotton,said,”Employeesarerealisticabouttheirpayprospects.Againstthisbackdrop,employerswillneedtoworkhardtofindnewwaystomotivatetheiremployeestoperform.”“Financialincentivesandtargetedinvestmentintraininganddevelopmentcouldbeeffectivewaystodothis,”headded.“Morethanever,thisisatimewhereorganizationsneedtoengageinanopenandstraightforwardcommunicationwiththeirstaff,clearlyexplainingthereasonsforanydifficultmeasuresthatwillaffectthem,”hesaid.“Thiswillhelppreservestaffloyaltyandengagementevenduringtimeswhenunpopulardecisionsneedtomade.”Questions:56.Accordingtothepassage,whichwillbetheworstyearforjoblossesIntheUK?57.WhatkindoforganizationistheCharteredInstituteofPersonnelandDevelopment?58.WhataremanyBritishcompaniesnowstrugglingfor?59.WhatdoestheCIPDadviseBritishemployerstodounderthepresentcircumstances?60.WhydoesCharlesCottonsuggestthatemployerscommunicatewiththeirstraight—forwardly?SectionD(10marks) Inthissection,thereisonepassagefollowedbyasummary.Readthepassagecarefully,andthencompletethesummarybelowbychoosingamaximumofthreewordsfromthepassagetofullineachoftheblanks.Remembertonwritetheanswersontheanswersheet.Questions61to65arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Everyoneknowsaboutpollutionintheenvironment.Water,air,andland areallpolluted.Thismeansthatpollutioniseverywhere.Now,scientistsarelookinginsideourbodiestofindoutaboutinternalpollution.In,theEnvironmentalWorkingGroupstudiedninepeopletomeasurethechemicalsintherebodies.Theseninepeoplehadanaverageof53cancer-causingchemicalsintheirbodies.Theyalsohadaverageof62chemicalsthatcanharmbabiesinpregnantwomen.Eventhoughalotofchemicalswerefoundinhumanbodies,thechemicalswerefoundinsmallamounts.Theamountsweresmallenoughthattheywereprobablynothurtingthepeople.However,scientistsareworriedbecausemostofthesechemicalswerecreatedbyhumans.Mostofthesechemicalsdidnotexist75byearsago.Thisprovesthatwehavenotonlypollutedtheworld–wehavepollutedourownbabies! Howdosethispollutiongetintoourbodies?Wecomeintocontactwithmanychemicalseveryday.forexample,everyoneusesoap,skinlotion,andshampoo.However,fewpeopleknowthattheseproductscontainharmfulchemicals,someofwhichmaycausememoryloss.ChemicalsknownasDEA(diethanolamine)andTEA(triethanolamine)mayseepintotheskinandstopusfromabsorbingahelpfulnutrientcalled“choline”.Cholineisanutrientthatplaysacrucialroleinthememorycellmakingprogressinthedevelopingbrain.Somepeopleworrythateverytimewewashourhair,wearedecreasingourmemories. Everyoneknowstheyshouldbrushtheirteethregularly,butrecentresearchhasshownthatsometoothpastescancausecancer.Fluorideisakeyingredientinmanytoothpastes.However,studiesshowthatfluoridedosenotreallyprotectourteeth.Infact,fluoridehasbeenconnectedwithbonecancerandotherdiseases.Whilewearetryingtosaveoursmiles,wecouldbedamagingourhealth. Womenareprobablyexposedtomorechemicalsthenmenbecausetheyusemorebeautyproducts.Recently,harmfulchemicalsarecalled“phthalates”.Studiesonanimalshaveshownthatphthalatescandamagetheliver,thekidneys,andthelungs.Cosmeticcompaniessaytheamountsofphthalatesintheirproductsaresafe.Butconsumerprotectiongroupsdisagree.Theysaysomewomentrytolookbeautiful,themoretheycouldbeharmingtheirhealth. InafuturisticstorybyRayBradbury,amanfoundapristinestreamonanewplanet.Whenhedrankfromthestream,hedied!Why?Hisbodywassopollutedthatpurewaterwasapositiontohim!Perhapsthatisonlysciencefiction,butitremindsustotakecareofourbodies.Wemustfindwaystoreducethepollutionweabsorb.Summary: Likeourpollutedenvironment,ourbodiesarenolongerpollution-free.Scientistsnowknowthatthereispollutioninourbodies.On(61),wehave53cancer-causingchemicalsinourbodies.Evenfluoride(62) withbonecancerandotherdiseases.Somecommoncosmeticscontainsmallamountsofchemicals,whichseepintoour(63) whenweusetheseproducts.Theypreventusfromabsorbingthe(64) ourbodiesneed.So,itis(65) thatwefindwaystoreducetheamountofchemicalsinourbodies.Weshouldremindourfriendsandfamiliestotakecareoftheirbodies.PartIVCloze(15minutes,15marks)Readthepassageandfillineachblankwithoneword.Choosethewordinoneofthefollowingthreeways:accordingtothecontext,byusingthecorrectfromofthegivenword,orbyusingthegivenlettersoftheword.Remembertowritetheanswersontheanswersheet. AccordingtoagroupcalledtheVoiceFunction,everyonehasasingingvoiceaswellasa(66)——(speak)voicesomewhereinsidethem.This,theysay,shouldbe(67)enc——fromanearlyagebecauseitprovidesthebest,andthe(68) ——(cheap),basisonwhichtobuildanunderstandingofmusic. TheteachingoftheHungarian(69) (compose)ZoltanKodalyareresponsibleforthisidea.Heobservedthatsongscanbecomeakeypartoftherelationship(70)_______amotherandherchildalmostfrombirth.Thisis(71)as______trueoftraditionalsocieties,(72)_______thoseofWestAfrica,wheresomesmallchildrenareabletosingliterally(73)hun______ofsongs,allofwhichhavebeenlearnbyheart.Howevermanymodernchildrenfirstcometounderstandingofmusic(74)_______theylearntoplayaninstrument(75)_______althoughsometeachingofthetheoryofmusicisusuallyapartofthis,theirrelationshipwiththemusiconthepageis