PAGEUnit1Womenofachievement主謂一致語(yǔ)境自主領(lǐng)悟先觀察原句后自主感悟①FollowingJane'swayofstudyingchimps，ourgroupareallgoingtovisitthemintheforest.②Watchingafamilyofchimpswakeupisourfirstactivityoftheday.③Everybodysitsandwaitsintheshadeofthetreeswhilethefamilybeginstowakeupandmoveoff.④Janewarnsusthatourgroupisgoingtobeverytiredanddirtybytheafternoonandsheisright.⑤TenhourshaspassedsinceIcamehere.1.句①中g(shù)roup強(qiáng)調(diào)成員，故其后謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；句③中的family和句④中的group強(qiáng)調(diào)整體，故其后謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。2.句②中動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)，故其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式。3.表示時(shí)間、距離、金額、度量衡等名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，常表示一個(gè)整體概念，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，如句⑤。一、名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)的主謂一致1．只表示復(fù)數(shù)意義的名詞people，police，cattle等，形式上是單數(shù)，而意義上卻是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Thepolicearesearchingforatalldarkmanwithabeard.警察正在搜尋一個(gè)留著胡子、皮膚黝黑的高個(gè)子男人。2．集體名詞crowd，family，team，group，government，committee，class，union，firm，staff，public等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要根據(jù)語(yǔ)言?xún)?nèi)容而定。強(qiáng)調(diào)整體，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式，強(qiáng)調(diào)各個(gè)成員，則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。AsfarasIknow，hisfamilyisabigone.(強(qiáng)調(diào)整體)據(jù)我所知，他家是一個(gè)大家庭。WhenIvisitedthemyesterday，thefamilywerehavingdinner.(強(qiáng)調(diào)成員)昨天當(dāng)我拜訪他們時(shí)，他們一家人正在吃飯。3．只作不可數(shù)名詞的集體名詞clothing，furniture，baggage/luggage，scenery，jewellery，equipment等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。Hisluggageisveryheavy，andheneedssomeonetohelphim.他的行李很重，需要有人幫他一下。Thesceneryofthismountainareaisbeautiful，whichhasattractedmanytourists.這個(gè)山區(qū)的風(fēng)景很美，吸引了很多游客。4．單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞means，sheep，deer等，根據(jù)其表達(dá)的單復(fù)數(shù)的意義而定。Allpossiblemeanshavebeentried，butnoneofwhichisperfect.所有可能的方法都試了，但是沒(méi)有一個(gè)是完美的。Everypossiblemeanshasbeentriedandtheresultisverygood.每一個(gè)可能的方法都試了而且結(jié)果非常好。5．只有復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞goods，clothes，remains等，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Thegoodsofthestoreareofhighquality.這個(gè)商店的貨物質(zhì)量高。Herclothesarealwaysbeautifulandfashionable.她的衣服總是漂亮而且時(shí)尚。6．表示成雙成套的名詞glasses，trousers，shoes，scissors，gloves等，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Myshoesdon'tfitmyfeet，soIhavetobuyanotherpair.我的鞋不合腳，因此我只好再買(mǎi)一雙。Theglassessheboughtyesterdayareveryexpensive.她昨天買(mǎi)的眼鏡很貴。[名師點(diǎn)津]表示成雙成套的名詞前若有pairof，typeof等修飾時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞根據(jù)量詞的形式而定。Anewpairofglasseswasboughtyesterdayforherbyherfriend.昨天她的朋友為她買(mǎi)了一副新眼鏡。[即時(shí)演練1]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Hisfamilyis(be)poorandheusedtoworkhardtosupporthisfamily.②Myfamilyare(be)goingonatripthissummer.③Look!Thosecattleare(be)eatinggrassonthehillnow.二、并列結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)的主謂一致主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞由and或both...and連接，其內(nèi)容是復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)由or，either...or...，neither...nor...，notonly...butalso...，not...but...等連接就近原則主語(yǔ)后有with，togetherwith，alongwith，aswellas，like，ratherthan，but，except等詞或短語(yǔ)時(shí)單復(fù)數(shù)與前面的主語(yǔ)一致JimandMaryarespecialistsincancerresearch.吉姆和瑪麗是癌癥研究專(zhuān)家。BothJimandhisparentsweresittingintheshadeofalargetree.吉姆和他父母都坐在一棵大樹(shù)的樹(shù)蔭下。Eitheryouorthepresidentistodeliveraspeechaboutthetopic.關(guān)于這個(gè)主題，要么你要么主席來(lái)發(fā)表演講。NotonlyhebutalsoIlookdownuponthosewhoalwaysrelyonothers.不僅僅他，我也瞧不起一直依賴(lài)別人的人。Neitherthestudentsnortheteacherknowsthereasonwhyshebehavedstrangely.學(xué)生和老師都不知道她行為怪異的原因。[名師點(diǎn)津]and與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單數(shù)(1)由and連接的并列單數(shù)主語(yǔ)前若有no，each，manya，every等修飾，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)。Eachteacherand(each)studentwasgivenaticket.每一位老師和學(xué)生都發(fā)了一張票。Everyhourand(every)minuteisimportantforus.每一小時(shí)和每一分鐘對(duì)我們都很重要。(2)當(dāng)and連接的兩個(gè)詞指同一個(gè)人或物時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)。Thewriterandpoetiscomingsoon.那位作家兼詩(shī)人很快就要來(lái)了。(同一個(gè)人，注意poet前無(wú)冠詞)AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.只工作不玩耍，聰明孩子也變傻。Myneighbourandcolleagueiswateringtheflowers.我的鄰居，也是我的同事，正在澆花。[即時(shí)演練2]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Nowadays，cycling，alongwithjoggingandswimming，isregarded(regard)asoneofthebestall-roundformsofexercise.②Alibrarywithfivethousandbookswasoffered(offer)totheareaasagiftlastyear.③Eachactorandeachactresswas(be)invitedtoourschoolyesterday.三、數(shù)量概念作主語(yǔ)時(shí)的主謂一致1．表示時(shí)間、距離、長(zhǎng)度、重量等的復(fù)數(shù)名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。Fiveminutesisn'tenoughtofinishthiswork.要完成這項(xiàng)工作，5分鐘是不夠的。2．some，most，rest及分?jǐn)?shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)根據(jù)所代替的名詞而定。Mostoftheworkersareagainsttheplan.(指代可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù))大部分工人反對(duì)這個(gè)計(jì)劃。Therestofthefreshwaterhasbeenshippedtothecity.(指代不可數(shù)名詞)剩下的淡水已被送入城中。3．“anumberof＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。但是，“thenumberof＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。Anumberofstudentshavemadeuptheirmindstotakepartinafter-schoolactivities.許多學(xué)生已經(jīng)下定決心參加課外活動(dòng)。Thenumberofstudentswhohavemadeuptheirmindstotakepartinafter-schoolactivitiesis120.已經(jīng)下定決心參加課外活動(dòng)的學(xué)生人數(shù)是120.[即時(shí)演練3]單句語(yǔ)法填空①M(fèi)anypeoplesay1，000dollarsis(be)alotofmoney.②About70percentoftheearth'ssurfaceiscovered(cover)withwater.③Thenumberofthestudentsinmiddleschoolis(be)increasingyearafteryear.④Therestofthegirlsare(be)fondofmusic.四、不定代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)的主謂一致1．either，each，little，much等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。Eachofthebooksisworthreading.每本書(shū)都值得讀。2．both，few，many，several等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Bothofthesistersareinterestedinmedicine.姐妹倆都對(duì)醫(yī)學(xué)感興趣。3．a(chǎn)ll指可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；若指不可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。Allarepresentatthemeetingtoday.今天所有的人都參加了會(huì)議。Alloftheinformationisveryimportant.所有的信息都很重要。4．none指可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單、復(fù)數(shù)形式均可；若指不可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。Noneofthemis/areawareofthedanger.他們沒(méi)有人意識(shí)到危險(xiǎn)。[即時(shí)演練4]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Sinceeveryoneis(be)here，let'sbeginourmeeting.②Noneoftheinformationabouthimhas(have)beenreceived.③Allare(be)willingtoreachanagreement.五、其他情況作主語(yǔ)時(shí)的主謂一致1．單個(gè)動(dòng)詞不定式(短語(yǔ))、動(dòng)名詞(短語(yǔ))或從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。ToreadEnglishaloudeverymorningisofgreatbenefittoyourEnglishstudy.每天早晨朗讀英語(yǔ)對(duì)你的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)大有裨益。Staringatsomeoneinpublicisimpolite.公眾場(chǎng)合盯著某人看是不禮貌的。2．當(dāng)what引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句表示復(fù)數(shù)概念時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。Whathesaidhasbeenrecorded.他說(shuō)的話(huà)已被錄音。Whatwebadlyneedaregoodteachers.我們急需的是好老師。3．therebe句型中，be動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)與最靠近它的名詞一致。Thereisatableandfourchairsintheroom.房間里有一張桌子和四把椅子。4．定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系代詞作主語(yǔ)與先行詞一致。Mr.Smith，whoisnowdownstairs，isaskingtoseeyou.史密斯先生要見(jiàn)你，他現(xiàn)在就在樓下。5．the＋adj.指一類(lèi)人謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。Theinjuredofthisaccidentarebeingtakengoodcareofinhospitalnow.事故中的傷員現(xiàn)在在醫(yī)院得到很好的照顧。[即時(shí)演練5]單句語(yǔ)法填空①WhatIsayandthinkare(be)noneofyourbusiness.②Thereis(be)anoldtempleandsomeancienttreesonthetopofthemountain.③Havingabalanceddietinourdailylifeis(be)goodtousall.

Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．I，whoam(be)yourclosefriend，willtrymybesttohelpyououtoftrouble.2．Myfather，togetherwithhisworkmates，has(have)beentoBeijing.3．Listeningtomusicmakes(make)merelaxedafterabusyday.4．Thenumberofstudentsinthatschoolhas(have)greatlyincreasedinrecentyears.5．Notonlytheteacherbutalsohisstudentslike(like)playingfootball.6．ThepopulationofChinais(be)largerthanthatofanyothercountryintheworld.7．Theinjuredintheaccidentwere(be)alltakentothenearbyhospital.8．Fiftydollarsis(be)tooexp