外研版必修一Unitone知識重點(diǎn)總結(jié)一.重點(diǎn)詞及相關(guān)短語：1.eagerness-名詞熱切，eager-渴望的，1beeagertodosth.2beeagerforsth--渴望得到某物2.butterfly—蝴蝶havebutterfliesinone'sstomach--情緒緊張3breathebreath呼1breathein/out-吸入/2takeadeepbreath深深吸一口氣3takeone'sbreathaway4holdone'sbreath-5catchone'sbreath--屏息6loseone'sbreath-7beoutofbreath喘不過氣8beshortofbreath4.exploreexplorationpressure一壓力-press1putpressureonsb.2put...underpressure5.description一描寫，描述一動詞describe-beyonddescriptiondramadramatic戲曲challenge-挑戰(zhàn)動詞-向某人挑戰(zhàn)challenger--挑戰(zhàn)者，challenging1face/meet/acceptachallengeof面對…的困難achallengeto一對…的質(zhì)疑achallengefrom..來自…的挑戰(zhàn)challengesb.tosth.—4challengesb.todosth.-.calm--鎮(zhèn)靜的名詞calmness-平靜calmsb.down—使某人平靜staycalm.confident—形容詞有信心的一confidence信心haveconfidencein…對…有信心beconfidentofdoingsth.7.drama--dramatic10.debatedebaterdebateaboutdebatesth.withsb.—underdebate-beyonddebate-haveadebatewithsb.onsth—和某人10.argueargumentl)haveanargumentwithsb.2arguewithsb.一與某人3odoingsth.2) arguesb.outofdoingsth.—不做某事ll.various各種各樣的，名詞-varietyavarietyof…一各種各樣的12.volunteer一志愿者，義務(wù)工作者形容詞一voluntaryl)volunteertodosth.自愿做。。apply---申請,名詞application--申請書9applicant—申請人1)applicationform…申請表2)applyfor一請求…3)applyoneselfto...——專心于…4)applyto…一適用于…5)apply...to……把..?應(yīng)用于…schedule--計(jì)劃表onschedulebescheduledtodosth.--預(yù)計(jì)做…bescheduledfor■…預(yù)定在…aheadofschedule--先于預(yù)定時(shí)間view1inview—2comeintoview3insb'sview--依某人看=fromsb'spointofview4inviewofviewsb./sth.?..視為16.graduate--畢業(yè)undergraduate…本科生postgraduate—sight一看到，看見1atfirstsight2atthesightof.———看見3)losesight到?.一看不見catchsightof....--看見5)insight-看得見6)outofsight-一看不見figure一以為l)figureout18.select--選擇1select...for...--為…挑選…select...from.從…中挑選…3)select...as…一■選擇…作為…4)select...todo…一■挑選…做…inparticularparticular一特定的beparticularrefertoreference參考，refer...to...as...--把…當(dāng)作…strugglel)struggleagainstsb—2)strugglewithsb與某3struggle3struggletodosth.4struggletoone'sfeet—掙扎著站起來文中rdrn一一遍又一遍ep一醒來ht從…沖出去.n轉(zhuǎn)過來into5.it'sone'sturn-一輪到某人6.makethebestof...--充分利用7.makegooduseof...--好好利用8.l.TurningaroundIsawawhite-hairedman.*現(xiàn)在分詞可以做時(shí)間、條件、原因、方式、伴隨等。當(dāng)表的動作與謂語動詞的動作同時(shí)發(fā)生時(shí)，用一般式doing,當(dāng)分詞的動作發(fā)生在位于動作之前時(shí)，那么用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式。如：1).Standingonthebuilding,youwillhaveagoodviewofthewholecity.Hearinghercoughing,Idecidedtotakehertothehospital.Thereisnogreaterpleasurethanlyingonmybackinthemiddleofthegrassland,staringatthenightsky.2.WhenmyEnglishteachersteppedintotheclassroom,IwassurprisedtoseethesamemanIhadmetearlier.-當(dāng)我的英語老師走進(jìn)教室時(shí)，我驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)，他就是我之前見到的那個(gè)人。stepintoIwasorganisingmywordsinmyheadwhenthegirlnexttomegaveanudge.一一我正在腦海里組giveanudgeSbBedoingsth.某人正在做某事，這時(shí)…Sbbeabouttodosth.when...--某人正要做…，這時(shí)…SbHadjustdonesth.When…某人剛做完???Ihadbeentoonervoustopayattentionwhenheintroducedhimself!主語+be+too...to…-一太…而不能…二主語+benot形容詞+enoughto。。?；蚨髡Z+be+so...that...not../7如：Beforetheearthquake,thechickensinthefarmyardsweretoonervoustoeat.二?...,thechickensinthefarmyardsweresonervousthattheycouldn'teat.too...to...——too有否認(rèn)詞時(shí)表肯定，“非?！盜t'snevertoooldtolearn.—一學(xué)到老，活到老。三.語法：A)句子成分：根據(jù)英語詞匯在英語句子中的地位和作用，英語句子的成分可分為主語、謂語、賓語、補(bǔ)足語、表語、定語、狀語、同位語等。L主語S(Subject):表示句子所要說明或描述的人或事物，一般由名詞、代詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的詞組或從句等充當(dāng)，置于句首。Theteacherwaskindandhelpful.Imissmygrandma.V(Verb):Hetalkedtoomuch.P(Predicative):表示主語的身份、性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)或特征，一般由名詞、形容詞或相當(dāng)于名詞、形容詞的Helooksverytired.他看上去很累。.O(Object):stoppedhimOd(DirectObject)Oi(IndirectObject).補(bǔ)足語：賓語補(bǔ)足語:C(Complement容詞等充當(dāng)。Isawhimpassingthecrossing.It'salovelydog.ThavethebestwaytolearnEnglish.Ad(Adverbial):基本句型：英語中的句子是由主語、謂語、表語、賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足語等組成的，依據(jù)其組合方式可分為八種基本句型。(S+Vi)Theplanedisappeared.(S+Vt.+O):這種句型中的謂語動詞應(yīng)為及物動詞或者可以接賓語的動詞短語。Shestoppedhim.(代詞做賓語).主語+系動詞+表語(S+V+P)：此句式側(cè)重說明主語是什么或怎么樣,謂語動詞需用系動be詞)。：Sheisalawyer.)**常見的系動詞：(1)表感官的動詞：feelsmell,taste,sound,look等。(2)表轉(zhuǎn)變、變化的動詞：become,get,grow,turn,go等。(3)表延續(xù)的動詞：remain,keep,stay等。(4)表瞬間的動詞:fall等。TheSydneyOperaHouselooksjustlikeseashells.4.主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語(S+Vt.+Oi+Od):這種句型中間接賓語常常指“人”，直接賓語常常指“物"。Hegavemeaticketforthatfilm.***常見的能跟雙賓語的及物動詞：givetel1teachwritebringlendhandshow,offersend,paypassreturnto的賓語。Pleasehandhimapen!=Pleasehandapentohim!buy,getfetchsave,make,drawcook,sing,choose,preparespare,playfor的賓語。Herfatherboughtherapresent.=Herfatherboughtapresentforher.她的父親給她買了一個(gè)禮物。****特別注意：帶疑問詞的不定式短語作直接賓語是一種很常見的形式，其基本句式是：主+及物+間接+疑問詞+不定式：Shetoldmehowtounderstandthearticle.(S+Vt.+O+C):1)make,等如:Hefoundherfrustrated.2)使役動詞如：make,let,havesee,watch,lookat,hear,listento,feel等。主動語態(tài)沒to,被動語態(tài)有to。Wemadehimplaytheviolin.Hewasmadetoplaytheviolin.(S+Vi,+Ad).Herunsveryquickly.hadtoleavebecauseshehadsomuchhomeworktodo.狀語可以放動詞后，也可以放句首。如：Honestly,Ithinkheisright.(S+Vt.+O+Ad):We11holdthemeetingatthreeoclockthisafternoon.多重狀語順序：程Heplayedfootballveryhappilywithhisfatherontheplaygroundlastnight..存現(xiàn)句(Therebe.?.)(1Therebetherethere/到/有某事物”。(2)Therebebe外，還有:liestand,usedtobeseem