住在富人區(qū)的她2022年考研考博-考博英語(yǔ)-中國(guó)政法大學(xué)考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據(jù)實(shí)際調(diào)整大?。╊}型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題

Asculturesaremergedandtraditionslost,immigrantswillcometobeassimilated.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.eliminated

B.revoked

C.modified

D.blended

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。merge表示“合并，融合”。A項(xiàng)eliminate“消除”，B項(xiàng)revoke“撤回，取消”，C項(xiàng)modify“修飾”，D項(xiàng)blend“混合，協(xié)調(diào)”；句意：隨著文化的融合和傳統(tǒng)的喪失，移民將會(huì)被同化。根據(jù)句意該題選D。

2.單選題

Today’ssuccessinweatherforecastingstemsfromappliedratherthanpurescience.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.derivesfrom

B.leadsto

C.concurswith

D.benefitsfrom

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。stemfrom表示“起源于”。A項(xiàng)derivefrom“源出，來(lái)自”，B項(xiàng)leadto“導(dǎo)致”，C項(xiàng)concurwith“同意”，D項(xiàng)benefitfrom“得益于，得利于”；句意：今天天氣預(yù)報(bào)的成功源于應(yīng)用科學(xué)而非純科學(xué)。根據(jù)句意該題選A。

3.單選題

Aneducationalenvironmenttoseparateyoufromthedailyrigorsoflife.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.isdesigned

B.designed

C.istobedesigned

D.designs

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的用法。句子主語(yǔ)是aneducationalenvironment“一種教育環(huán)境”，是design動(dòng)作執(zhí)行的對(duì)象，因此要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示“教育環(huán)境被設(shè)計(jì)成”；固定用法bedesignedtodo“打算、目的是”；A選項(xiàng)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；B選項(xiàng)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；C選項(xiàng)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，表“將要被設(shè)定成”；D選項(xiàng)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；句意：教育環(huán)境能將你從日常生活的艱辛中抽離出來(lái)。根據(jù)句意A選項(xiàng)最符合題意。

4.單選題

Causeandeffectrelationshipsareoftenexpressedwithoutanyovertmarkers.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.masked

B.evident

C.circular

D.inoperable

【答案】B

【解析】考查詞義辨析。overt表示“明顯的，外顯的”；A項(xiàng)masked“戴面具的，潛伏的”，B項(xiàng)evident“明顯的，明白的”，C項(xiàng)circular“循環(huán)的，圓形的”，D項(xiàng)inoperable“不實(shí)用的”。句意：因果關(guān)系的表達(dá)往往沒(méi)有任何明顯的標(biāo)記。因此B項(xiàng)正確。

5.單選題

Topreserveone’sdignity,theequilibriumbetweenwidelydivergentimpulseshastobemaintained.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.equality

B.confusion

C.distinction

D.poise

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。equilibrium表示“平衡，均衡”。A項(xiàng)equality“平等，相等”，B項(xiàng)confusion“混淆，混亂”，C項(xiàng)distinction“區(qū)別，差別”，D項(xiàng)poise“平衡，姿勢(shì)”；句意：為了維護(hù)一個(gè)人的尊嚴(yán)，必須保持迥然不同的沖動(dòng)之間的平衡。根據(jù)句意該題選D。

6.單選題

Thetongue,______,isanimportantaidinchewingandswallowing.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.isthechieforganoftaste

B.tastingtheorganchiefly

C.thechieforganoftaste

D.theorganchieflytastes

【答案】C

【解析】考查同位語(yǔ)。同位語(yǔ)是指一個(gè)名詞（或其它形式）對(duì)另一個(gè)名詞或代詞進(jìn)行修飾，限定或說(shuō)明。同位語(yǔ)與被它限定的詞的格式要一致，并常常緊挨在一起。所以要排除有動(dòng)詞的A項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)，由題干可知，我們需要修飾的是tongue，B項(xiàng)的意思完全不符合題意，它表示“主要品嘗器官”；只有C項(xiàng)是正確的同位語(yǔ)。句意：舌頭是主要的味覺(jué)器官，在咀嚼和吞咽時(shí)起著重要的輔助作用。因此，該題正確答案為C。

7.單選題

Theguiltyverdictwaswidelyexpected,althoughharsherthanmanyhadpredicted.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.jury

B.crime

C.convict

D.judgment

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。verdict表示“結(jié)論，裁定”。A項(xiàng)jury“陪審團(tuán)”，B項(xiàng)crime“罪行”，C項(xiàng)convict“罪犯”，D項(xiàng)judgment“意見(jiàn)，判斷力”；句意：有罪判決是普遍預(yù)期的，盡管比許多人預(yù)期的要嚴(yán)厲。根據(jù)句意該題選D。

8.問(wèn)答題

Directions:Inthispartthereisapagefromthelocaltelephonedirectorygivinginformationaboutvariousservices.Readthefollowingsituationsanddecidewhichnumberyouwouldtelephone.Thefirstonehasbeendoneasanexample.WriteyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.

INSTANTCALLGUIDEDirectoryAssistance

Forunknown,newandalterednumbers……………019

Local……………...019

International…………………055

FaultsandServiceDifficulties

Local……………088

International…………………044

BusinessCustomerFaults…………………...008

OperatorConnectedCalls

Fromaprivatephone…………..076

Fromapayphone…………………042

Chargeenquiries………………….066

InternationalTelegrams……………………...093

Wakeup/remindercalls……………………...012

Telephonebillenquiries………………...……17489

Example:

Youwanttohaveamorningcall.

Answer:012

66.Youwanttosendaninternationaltelegram.

________________________________________________________________________

67.Youaretryingtocalllocallybutthetelephoneisnotworkingproperly.

________________________________________________________________________

68.Youwanttoknowhowmuchitwillcosttotelephoneyourhomecountry.

________________________________________________________________________

69.Youhavetotelephoneyourlocalkindergartenbutyoudonotknowthenumber.

________________________________________________________________________

70.Yourinternationalphonecallwascutoffwhileyouwerespeaking.

________________________________________________________________________

【答案】66.093

67.088

68.066

69.019

70.044

【解析】66.題干是：你想發(fā)一封國(guó)際電報(bào)。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞internationaltelegram可知答案為093。

67.題干是：你想打本地電話，但電話不能正常工作。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞locally和notworkingproperly可知答案為088。

68.題干是：你想知道打電話到本國(guó)需要多少錢。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞howmuch和cost可知答案為066。

69.題干是：你必須給當(dāng)?shù)氐挠變簣@打電話，但你不知道號(hào)碼。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞donotknowthenumber可知答案為019。

70.題干是：你說(shuō)話的時(shí)候，國(guó)際電話被切斷了。根據(jù)問(wèn)題可知這屬于FaultsandServiceDifficulties（故障和業(yè)務(wù)問(wèn)題），結(jié)合關(guān)鍵詞international可知答案為044。

9.單選題

Booksdoasmuchharmasgoodandspreadfalsehoodanderror______knowledgeoftruth.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.nolessthan

B.nomorethan

C.nolessas

D.nomoreas

【答案】A

【解析】考查詞組辨析。A項(xiàng)nolessthan“不少于”，B項(xiàng)nomorethan“只是，僅僅”，C項(xiàng)nolessas與D項(xiàng)nomoreas沒(méi)有這種用法。句意：書(shū)籍所帶來(lái)的利弊是均衡的，它們所傳播的謊言和錯(cuò)誤不少于知識(shí)與真理。故正確答案為A。

10.單選題

Doyourememberallthoseyearswhenscientistsarguedthatsmokingwouldkillusbutthedoubtersinsistedthatwedidn’tknowforsure?Thattheevidencewasinconclusive;thescienceuncertain?Thattheantismokinglobbywasouttodestroyourwayoflifeandthegovernmentshouldstayoutoftheway?LotsofAmericansboughtthatnonsense,andoverthreedecades,some10millionsmokerswenttoearlygraves.

Thereareupsettingparallelstoday,asscientistsinonewaveafteranothertrytoawakenustothegrowingthreatofglobalwarming.ThelatestwasapanelfromtheNational.AcademyofSciences,enlistedbytheWhiteHouse,totellusthattheEarth’satmosphereisdefinitelywarmingandthattheproblemislargelyman-made.Theclearmessageisthatweshouldgetmovingtoprotectourselves.ThepresidentoftheNationalAcademy.BruceAlberts,addedthiskeypointintheprefacetothepanel’sreport,“Scienceneverhasalltheanswers.Butsciencedoesprovideuswiththebestavailableguidetothefuture,anditiscriticalthatournationandtheworldbaseimportantpoliciesonthebestjudgmentsthatsciencecanprovideconcerningthefutureconsequencesofpresentactions”.

Justasonsmoking,voicesnowcomefrommanyquartersinsistingthatthescienceaboutglobalwarmingisincomplete,thatit’sOKtokeeppouringfumesintotheairuntilweknowforsure.Thisisadangerousgame:bythetime100percentoftheevidenceisin,itmaybetoolate.Withtherisksobviousandgrowing,prudentpeoplewouldtakeoutaninsurancepolicynow.

Fortunately,theWhiteHouseisstartingtopayattention.Butit’sobviousthatamajorityofthepresident’sadvisersstilldon’ttakeglobalwarmingseriously.Insteadofaplanofaction,theycontinuetopressformoreresearch—aclassiccaseof“paralysisbyanalysis.”

Toserveasresponsiblestewardsoftheplanet,wemustpressforwardondeeperatmosphericandoceanicresearch.Butresearchaloneisinadequate.IftheAdministrationwon’ttakethelegislativeinitiative,Congressshouldhelptobeginfashioningconservationmeasures.AbillbyDemocraticSenatorRobertByrdofWestVirginia,whichwouldofferfinancialincentivesforprivateindustry,isapromisingstart.Manyseethatthecountryisgettingreadytobuildlotsofnewpowerplantstomeetourenergyneeds.Ifweareevergoingtoprotecttheatmosphere,itiscrucialthatthosenewplantsbeenvironmentallysound.

56.Anargumentmadebysupportersofsmokingwasthat______.

57.AccordingtoBruceAlberts,sciencecanserveas______.

58.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“paralysisbyanalysis”(Lastline,Paragraph4)?

59.Accordingtotheauthor,whatshouldtheAdministrationdoaboutglobalwarming?

60.Theauthorassociatestheissueofglobalwarmingwiththatofsmokingbecause______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.therewasnoscientificevidenceofthecorrelationbetweensmokinganddeath

B.thenumberofearlydeathsofsmokersinthepastdecadeswasinsignificant

C.peoplehadthefreedomtochoosetheirownwayoflife

D.antismokingpeoplewereusuallytalkingnonsense

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.aguide

B.ajudge

C.acritic

D.aprotector

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Prudentplanninghindersprogress.

B.Carefulinvestigationrevealstruth.

C.Endlessstudieskillaction.

D.Extensiveresearchhelpsdecision-making.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Offeraidtobuildcleanerpowerplants.

B.Raisepublicawarenessofconservation.

C.Takesomelegislativemeasures.

D.Pressforfurtherscientificresearch.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.theybothsufferedfromthegovernment’snegligence

B.alessonfromthelatterisapplicabletotheformer

C.theoutcomeofthelatteraggravatestheformer

D.bothofthemhaveturnedfrombadtoworse

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:A

第3題:C

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】56.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干意思是“吸煙的支持者提出的論點(diǎn)是……”。第一段第三句提到Thattheantismokinglobbywasouttodestroyourwayoflife（反對(duì)吸煙的游說(shuō)將毀掉我們的生活方式）可以推斷，吸煙的支持者認(rèn)為他們有選擇自己生活方式的自由，因此C項(xiàng)“人們有自由選擇自己的生活方式”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“吸煙與死亡之間沒(méi)有相關(guān)的科學(xué)證據(jù)”，根據(jù)第一段第二句theevidencewasinconclusive（證據(jù)缺乏決定性）可知不是沒(méi)有相關(guān)證據(jù)，而是證據(jù)缺乏決定性，所以A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)第一段第四句LotsofAmericansthoughtthatnonsense,andoverthreedecades,some10millionsmokerswenttoearlygraves（很多美國(guó)人認(rèn)為吸煙導(dǎo)致人死亡的說(shuō)法是胡說(shuō)，在過(guò)去的三十年間，大約1000萬(wàn)吸煙者早逝），可知有大約1000萬(wàn)吸煙者早逝這個(gè)數(shù)量并不是微不足道的，因此B項(xiàng)“過(guò)數(shù)十年中早逝的煙民數(shù)量微不足道”錯(cuò)誤；另外美國(guó)人是認(rèn)為吸煙導(dǎo)致人死亡的說(shuō)法是胡說(shuō)八道，而不是禁煙者胡說(shuō)，因此D項(xiàng)“禁煙者通常都是在胡說(shuō)八道”也不符合題意。故該題選C。

57.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。題干意思是“根據(jù)BruceAlberts，科學(xué)可以作為……”。根據(jù)第二段最后一句Butsciencedoesprovideuswiththebestavailableguidetothefuture（但是科學(xué)確實(shí)為我們提供了關(guān)于未來(lái)的最好指導(dǎo)）可知，科學(xué)可以作為指導(dǎo)，因此A項(xiàng)“指導(dǎo)”正確。B項(xiàng)“法官”，C項(xiàng)“批評(píng)家”和D項(xiàng)“保護(hù)者”都不符合。故該題選A。

58.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干意思是“作者在第四段最后一行說(shuō)‘分析導(dǎo)致的癱瘓’是什么意思？”。根據(jù)第四段第一行提到Butit’sobviousthatamajorityofthepresident’sadvisersstilldon’ttakeglobalwarmingseriously.Insteadofaplanofaction,theycontinuetopressformoreresearch—aclassiccaseof“paralysisbyanalysis.”（但很明顯，總統(tǒng)的大多數(shù)顧問(wèn)仍然沒(méi)有認(rèn)真對(duì)待全球變暖問(wèn)題。他們沒(méi)有制定行動(dòng)計(jì)劃，而是繼續(xù)推動(dòng)更多的研究——一個(gè)典型的“分析導(dǎo)致癱瘓”的案例）可知，“分析導(dǎo)致癱瘓”的意思是研究阻止了行動(dòng)的產(chǎn)生，因此C項(xiàng)“無(wú)休止的研究扼殺了行動(dòng)”符合題意。B項(xiàng)“仔細(xì)調(diào)查揭示真相”和A項(xiàng)“謹(jǐn)慎計(jì)劃阻礙進(jìn)步”沒(méi)有提到，D項(xiàng)“大量的研究有助于決策”，文中只是提到了更多的研究，沒(méi)有提到研究有助于決策，故該題選C正確。

59.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干意思是“根據(jù)作者的觀點(diǎn)，政府應(yīng)該如何應(yīng)對(duì)全球變暖？”。根據(jù)最后一段第三句IftheAdministrationwon’ttakethelegislativeinitiative,Congressshouldhelptobeginfashioningconservationmeasures.（如果政府不采取立法措施，國(guó)會(huì)應(yīng)該幫助制定保護(hù)措施）可知，在作者的觀點(diǎn)中，政府應(yīng)該采取立法措施，因此C項(xiàng)“采取一些立法措施”符合題意。A項(xiàng)“提供支持，建設(shè)清潔發(fā)電廠”和B項(xiàng)“提高公眾保護(hù)意識(shí)”都是政府的立法措施能夠做到的，因此包括在里面；D項(xiàng)“促進(jìn)更進(jìn)一步的科學(xué)研究”不是作者想要政府做的，前文提到研究扼殺了行動(dòng)，因此D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；故該題C項(xiàng)正確。

60.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】判斷推理題。題干意思是“作者把全球變暖問(wèn)題和吸煙問(wèn)題聯(lián)系起來(lái)是因?yàn)椤?。作者在文章第一段講述科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為吸煙會(huì)致人死亡，而懷疑者們堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為證據(jù)缺乏決定性；第二段接著講述現(xiàn)在出現(xiàn)了類似的情況，即全球變暖的問(wèn)題，科學(xué)家們?cè)噲D讓我們意識(shí)到全球氣候變暖所帶來(lái)的日益嚴(yán)重的威脅與地球氣候變暖主要是人為造成的；第三段講述就如吸煙問(wèn)題一樣，來(lái)自不同領(lǐng)域的聲音堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為有關(guān)全球變暖的科學(xué)資料還不完整；由此我們可以推斷來(lái)自吸煙問(wèn)題的教訓(xùn)可以運(yùn)用到全球變暖的問(wèn)題上，因此B項(xiàng)“吸煙問(wèn)題的教訓(xùn)可以應(yīng)用于全球變暖的問(wèn)題上”符合題意。文中只是提到關(guān)于全球變暖的問(wèn)題政府一直采取研究，沒(méi)有提到吸煙問(wèn)題上政府的態(tài)度，因此A項(xiàng)“兩個(gè)問(wèn)題都受到了政府的疏忽”不符合題意；C項(xiàng)“吸煙的結(jié)果使全球變暖問(wèn)題惡化”，文章只是通過(guò)吸煙問(wèn)題引出全球變暖的話題，因此C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；D項(xiàng)“兩個(gè)問(wèn)題都變得越來(lái)越糟糕了”，文中的確講到兩個(gè)問(wèn)題的嚴(yán)重性，但是作者把兩個(gè)問(wèn)題聯(lián)系起來(lái)更多的目的還是通過(guò)吸煙的問(wèn)題引出全球變暖的主題，從而引出吸煙問(wèn)題的教訓(xùn)可以應(yīng)用到全球變暖的問(wèn)題上。故該題B項(xiàng)最符合題意。

11.單選題

Intheautumn,thenorthernmountainsareablazewithshadesofred,yellow,andorange.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.decorated

B.abloom

C.radiant

D.beautiful

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。ablaze表示“閃耀的，發(fā)光的”；A項(xiàng)decorated“裝飾的，修飾的”，B項(xiàng)abloom“開(kāi)花的”，C項(xiàng)radiant“發(fā)光的，輻射的”，D項(xiàng)beautiful“美麗的，出色的”。句意：在秋天，北方的山上閃耀著深淺不同的紅色、黃色和橙色。因此C項(xiàng)正確。

12.填空題

Directions:Belowisapassageaboutclimatechange.ReadthepassagethenfillineachgapwithONEwordfromtheboxbelowthepassage.WriteyouranswersinthespacesontheANSWERSHEET.Thefirstonehasbeendoneasanexample.

VolcanoesMayBeSlowingDownClimateChangeTheplanethasn’tbeenwarmingasmuchasclimatemodelspredictedanditcouldbethatsulfuremissionsfromvolcanoesareblockingsunlight,coolingtheEarth.Smallvolcaniceruptionsmightbepartofthereasonwhythepaceofglobalwarminghasn’tkeptupwithprevious66anewstudypublishedinNature.Eruptionsofatleast17volcanoessince2000,includingKasatochiinAlaskaandMerapiinIndonesia,seemtohavehadacoolinginfluenceonthetemperatureoftheEarth’ssurfaceand_67atmosphere.Inthepast,researchersobservedincreasesinlevelsofgreenhousegasesandinglobalwarning,butforthepast15yearstheEarth’ssurfacetemperatureshaveshown68littlewarming.Thisso-called‘hiatus’puzzledresearchersaroundtheglobehavebeenworkingtounderstandthisphenomenon.“Thehiatusisafascinatingdetectivestory,’’saystheleadauthorofthestudy.“Whatweshowisthatevenwithoutanycomputermodelcalculationsthereisaclear69oftheseearlyvolcanicactivityhavingeffectsontemperaturesandonthereflectedsunlightoftheatmosphere,”saystheleadofthestudy.Researchshowsthatlargevolcaniceruptionsinjectsulfurdioxidegasintothestratosphere.Thegasformstinydropletsofsulfuricacid,alsoknownas“volcanicaerosols,”thatcanblocksunlight.Thatcoolingeffecthasbeenlargely70byclimatescientistsuntilnow,butitseemstopartlyoffsetthewarningfromhuman-causedchangesingreenhousegases.

【答案】66.predictions

67.lower

68.relatively

69.signal

70.ignored

【解析】66.考查上下文語(yǔ)境。根據(jù)Theplanethasn’tbeenwarmingasmuchasclimatemodelspredicted（地球并沒(méi)有像氣候模型預(yù)測(cè)的那樣變暖）中的predicted可知此處應(yīng)該是predictions.句意：《自然》雜志上發(fā)表的一項(xiàng)新研究表明，小型火山爆發(fā)可能是全球變暖速度沒(méi)有跟上之前預(yù)測(cè)的一致的部分原因。

67.考查句子結(jié)構(gòu)和語(yǔ)法。空格處應(yīng)該填入一個(gè)形容詞。選項(xiàng)中能與atmosphere搭配的形容詞是lower，influenceonthetemperatureoftheEarth’ssurfaceandloweratmosphere（對(duì)地球表面和低層大氣的溫度的影響）符合句意。

68.考查句子結(jié)構(gòu)和語(yǔ)法?？崭裉帒?yīng)該填入一個(gè)程度副詞修飾little表示“相當(dāng)小”。根據(jù)句子Inthepast,researchersobservedincreasesinlevelsofgreenhousegasesandinglobalwarning,butforthepast15yearstheEarth’ssurfacetemperatureshaveshown…littlewarming.（在過(guò)去，研究人員觀察到溫室氣體水平的增加和全球變暖，但在過(guò)去的15年里，地球表面的溫度幾乎沒(méi)有顯示出相當(dāng)小的變暖跡象），可知應(yīng)該填入relatively程度副詞。

69.考查句子結(jié)構(gòu)和語(yǔ)法。前面有不定冠詞a和形容詞clear,此處應(yīng)該填入一個(gè)單數(shù)名詞，選項(xiàng)里面只有signal符合。句意：我們所展示的是，即使沒(méi)有任何計(jì)算機(jī)模型計(jì)算，也有明確的信號(hào)表明，這些早期的火山活動(dòng)對(duì)溫度和大氣反射的陽(yáng)光產(chǎn)生了影響。

70.

考查句子結(jié)構(gòu)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)hasbeenlargely…by判斷，這里是一個(gè)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，需要填動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞，選項(xiàng)里面只有ignored是過(guò)去分詞。句意：到目前為止，這種降溫效應(yīng)在很大程度上一直被氣候科學(xué)家所忽視。

13.單選題

Theambassadorwasgiventhebookasatokenofthegovernment’sregardforhim.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.anestimation

B.amemento

C.ashare

D.apreview

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。token表示“象征，代表”；A項(xiàng)estimation“尊重，估計(jì)”，B項(xiàng)memento“紀(jì)念品”，C項(xiàng)share“份額，股份”，D項(xiàng)preview“預(yù)覽”。句意：大使被授予此書(shū)，表示政府對(duì)他的關(guān)心。因此B項(xiàng)正確。

14.單選題

Aheadlinethatisgraphicallysalientinsomewayhasagreaterchanceofcapturingoureye.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.attractive

B.bright

C.special

D.entertaining

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。salient在句中是“突出的，顯著的”，A選項(xiàng)attractive“具有吸引力的”；B選項(xiàng)bright“鮮明的，愉快的”；C選項(xiàng)special“特別的，突出的”；D選項(xiàng)entertaining“令人愉快的”。句意：一個(gè)標(biāo)題，在一定程度上突出形象，便更加能吸引我們的眼球。根據(jù)句意C項(xiàng)正確。

15.翻譯題

我一直以為大學(xué)校長(zhǎng)是高瞻遠(yuǎn)矚、指導(dǎo)學(xué)術(shù)與教育大方向的決策人，而不是管饅頭稀飯的保姆。這一類型的教育者的用心，毋庸置疑，當(dāng)然是善意的。問(wèn)題是，我們論“事”的時(shí)候，用心如何根本不重要，重要的是實(shí)際后果，而教育的后果何其嚴(yán)重！在這種過(guò)度呵護(hù)的幼稚教育下成長(zhǎng)的大學(xué)生，遇事時(shí)，除了“眼淚汪汪”之外又能做些什么呢？

【答案】參考譯文：

Ihavealwaysconsidereduniversitypresidentstobefar-sighteddecision—makerswhoconductacademicresearchandguidemaindirectionsofeducationratherthanbabysitterswhoareinchargeofstudents’dailylife.Ofcourse,thereisnodoubtthatsucheducatorshaveverygoodintentions.Theproblemis,whenwemakejudgmentsonsomething,whatmatterarenotintentionsbuttheactualconsequences.Andhowserioustheconsequencesofeducationare!Whatcanyouexpecttheuniversitystudentswhoarebroughtupinaneducationalsystemwhichtreatthemlikebabiestodoexceptforseeingthemtoshedtearsinfaceofanactualhardshipproblem?

16.單選題

ThehomelessmakeupagrowingpercentageofAmerica’spopulation.21homelessnesshasreachedsuchproportionsthatlocalgovernmentscan’tpossibly22.Tohelphomelesspeople23independence,thefederalgovernmentmustsupportjobtrainingprograms,24theminimumwage,andfundmorelow-costhousing.25everyoneagreesonthenumberofAmericanswhoarehomeless,estimates26anywherefrom600,000to3million.27thefiguremayvary,analystsdoagreeonanothermatter:thatthenumberofthehomelessis__28__.Oneofthefederalgovernment’sstudies29thatthenumberofthehomelesswillreachnearly19millionbytheendofthisdecade.

Findingwaysto30thisgrowinghomelesspopulationhasbecomeincreasinglydifficult.31whenhomelessindividualsmanagetofinda32thatwillgivethemthreemealsadayandaplacetosleepatnight,agoodnumberstillspendthebulkofeachday33thestreet.Partoftheproblemisthatmanyhomelessadultsareaddictedtoalcoholordrugs.Andasignificant,numberofthehomelesshaveseriousmentaldisorders.Manyothers,34notaddictedormentallyill,simplylacktheeveryday35skillsneededtoturntheirlives36__.BostonGlobereporterChrisReidynotesthatthesituationwillimproveonlywhenthereare__37__programsthataddressthemanyneedsofthehomeless.38EdwardZlotkowski,directorofcommunityserviceatBentleyCollegeinMassachusetts,39it,“Therehastobe40ofprograms.What’sneededisapackagedeal.”

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Indeed

B.Likewise

C.Therefore

D.Furthermore

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.stand

B.cope

C.approve

D.retain

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.in

B.for

C.with

D.toward

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.raise

B.add

C.take

D.keep

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Generally

B.Almost

C.Hardly

D.Not

問(wèn)題6選項(xiàng)

A.cover

B.change

C.range

D.differ

問(wèn)題7選項(xiàng)

A.Nowthat

B.Although

C.Provided

D.Exceptthat

問(wèn)題8選項(xiàng)

A.inflating

B.expanding

C.increasing

D.extending

問(wèn)題9選項(xiàng)

A.predicts

B.displays

C.proves

D.discovers

問(wèn)題10選項(xiàng)

A.assist

B.track

C.sustain

D.dismiss

問(wèn)題11選項(xiàng)

A.Hence

B.But

C.Even

D.Only

問(wèn)題12選項(xiàng)

A.lodging

B.shelter

C.dwelling

D.house

問(wèn)題13選項(xiàng)

A.searching

B.strolling

C.crowding

D.wandering

問(wèn)題14選項(xiàng)

A.when

B.once

C.while

D.whereas

問(wèn)題15選項(xiàng)

A.life

B.existence

C.survival

D.maintenance

問(wèn)題16選項(xiàng)

A.around

B.over

C.on

D.up

問(wèn)題17選項(xiàng)

A.complex

B.comprehensive

C.complementary

D.compensating

問(wèn)題18選項(xiàng)

A.So

B.Since

C.As

D.Thus

問(wèn)題19選項(xiàng)

A.puts

B.interprets

C.assumes

D.makes

問(wèn)題20選項(xiàng)

A.supervision

B.manipulation

C.regulation

D.coordination

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:D

第6題:C

第7題:B

第8題:C

第9題:A

第10題:A

第11題:C

第12題:B

第13題:D

第14題:C

第15題:C

第16題:A

第17題:B

第18題:C

第19題:A

第20題:D

【解析】21.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)義銜接。A項(xiàng)indeed“確實(shí)”，表示強(qiáng)調(diào)；B項(xiàng)likewise“與……相似”；C項(xiàng)therefore“因此”，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果；D項(xiàng)furthermore“進(jìn)一步說(shuō)”，表示遞進(jìn)。根據(jù)句子ThehomelessmakeupagrowingpercentageofAmerica’spopulation,…h(huán)omelessnesshasreachedsuchproportionsthat...（無(wú)家可歸的人在美國(guó)人口中占越來(lái)越大的比例?！瓱o(wú)家可歸者所占的比例已經(jīng)達(dá)到如此比例以至于……）可知，前一句makeupagrowingpercentage與后一句reachedsuchproportionthat確定后者是對(duì)前者的例證強(qiáng)調(diào)。因此，正確答案為A。

22.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)義銜接。A項(xiàng)stand“忍受”，作為及物動(dòng)詞在句子中要直接連接賓語(yǔ)；B項(xiàng)cope“處理”，作為不及物動(dòng)詞，可以在句子中表達(dá)完整的含義；C項(xiàng)approve“批準(zhǔn)，贊成”；D項(xiàng)retain“保持”。由句子homelessnesshasreachedsuchproportionsthatlocalgovernmentcan’tpossibly…（無(wú)家可歸者所占的比例已經(jīng)達(dá)到如此比例以至于政府都無(wú)法……的地步）可知，C項(xiàng)和D項(xiàng)與句意不符合。A項(xiàng)后面需要接賓語(yǔ)，句子后面沒(méi)有賓語(yǔ)；因此正確答案為B。

23.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)in“在……里”；B項(xiàng)for“對(duì)……”；C項(xiàng)with“和”；D項(xiàng)toward“朝著”。根據(jù)句子Tohelphomelesspeople…independence（為了幫助無(wú)家可歸的人變得獨(dú)立起來(lái)）可知，此處應(yīng)該填入介詞toward，其他幾項(xiàng)都不符合句意；因此正確答案為D。

24.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)raise“上升，加薪”；B項(xiàng)add“添加”；C項(xiàng)take“拿走”；D項(xiàng)keep“保持”。根據(jù)句子thefederalgovernmentmustsupportjobtrainingprograms,…theminimumwage,andfundmorelow-costhousing.（聯(lián)邦政府必須支持職業(yè)培訓(xùn)項(xiàng)目、……最低工資標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、資助更多的低成本住房）可知，此處應(yīng)該填入表示上調(diào)工資的動(dòng)詞，只有A選項(xiàng)符合；因此正確答案為A。

25.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查邏輯銜接。A項(xiàng)generally“通常地”；B項(xiàng)almost“幾乎”；C項(xiàng)hardly“幾乎不”；D項(xiàng)not“不”，表示否定。根據(jù)句子everyoneagreesonthenumberofAmericanswhoarehomeless（并不是每個(gè)人對(duì)難民的數(shù)量都有一致的看法）可知，此處應(yīng)該填入表示否定的詞語(yǔ)，只有D選項(xiàng)符合；因此正確答案為D。

26.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查固定搭配。A項(xiàng)cover“包括”；B項(xiàng)change“改變”；C項(xiàng)range“(在……內(nèi)）變動(dòng)”；D項(xiàng)differ“使……相異”。根據(jù)句子estimates…anywherefrom600,000to3million（估計(jì)在60萬(wàn)到300萬(wàn)之間）可知，rangefrom…to…固定搭配，表示“在一定幅度或范圍內(nèi)變動(dòng)，從……到……變動(dòng)”，只有C選項(xiàng)符合；differ只有differfrom表示“不同于”，沒(méi)有differfromto的用法；因此正確答案為C。

27.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查邏輯銜接。A項(xiàng)nowthat“既然，由于”；B項(xiàng)although“盡管”表讓步；C項(xiàng)provided“假如，倘若”；D項(xiàng)exceptthat“只可惜，除了……之外”。根據(jù)句子…thefiguremayvary,analystsdoagreeonanothermatter（這個(gè)數(shù)字可能會(huì)有所不同，但分析師們?cè)诹硪患律线_(dá)成了一致）可知，該句話在語(yǔ)義上存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，可推斷該句話為讓步狀語(yǔ)從句；故使用although,B項(xiàng)符合題意。因此正確答案為B。

28.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)inflating“膨脹的，充氣的”；B項(xiàng)expanding“擴(kuò)大的，擴(kuò)展的”；C項(xiàng)increasing“日益增長(zhǎng)的”；D項(xiàng)extending“延伸”。根據(jù)句子thatthenumberofthehomelessis…（無(wú)家可歸者的數(shù)量是……）可知，這句話是表示數(shù)量是增長(zhǎng)的，指數(shù)量增加時(shí)，動(dòng)詞一般使用increase，故C項(xiàng)符合題意。因此正確答案為C。

29.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)predict“預(yù)測(cè)”；B項(xiàng)display“展示”；C項(xiàng)prove“證明”；D項(xiàng)discover“發(fā)現(xiàn)”。根據(jù)句子Oneofthefederalgovernment’sstudies…thatthenumberofthehomelesswillreachnearly19millionbytheendofthisdecade.（聯(lián)邦政府的一項(xiàng)研究……到這十年結(jié)束時(shí)，無(wú)家可歸的人數(shù)將接近1900萬(wàn)），由bytheendofthisdecade可知，此處應(yīng)該是“預(yù)見(jiàn)”，因此正確答案為A。

30.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)義銜接。A項(xiàng)assist“協(xié)助”；B項(xiàng)track“追蹤”；C項(xiàng)sustain“維持”；D項(xiàng)dismiss“解散，解雇”。根據(jù)句子Findingwaysto…thisgrowinghomelesspopulationhasbecomeincreasinglydifficult（想辦法……這些日益增加的無(wú)家可歸者這一任務(wù)變得非常困難），本文前兩段提出無(wú)家可歸者的問(wèn)題并略加分析，本段開(kāi)始解決方法的探討；由此可知這里應(yīng)該填入表達(dá)“幫助”的詞語(yǔ)。因此正確答案為A。

31.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查邏輯銜接。A項(xiàng)hence“因此”；B項(xiàng)but“但是”；C項(xiàng)even“甚至，即使”；D項(xiàng)only“僅僅”。根據(jù)句子…whenhomelessindividualsmanagetofinda…thatwillgivethemthreemealsadayandaplacetosleepatnight,agoodnumberstillspendthebulkofeachday…thestreet（……當(dāng)無(wú)家可歸的人設(shè)法找到一個(gè)……可以給他們提供一日三餐和晚上睡覺(jué)的地方，很多人仍然每天花大量的時(shí)間在路上……），由上下文可知，該處存在語(yǔ)義上的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，even可以表達(dá)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，因此正確答案為C。

32.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)lodging“出租的房間，寄宿”；B項(xiàng)shelter“避難所”；C項(xiàng)dwelling“住所，寓所”；D項(xiàng)house“住宅，家庭”。根據(jù)句子finda…thatwillgivethemthreemealsadayandaplacetosleepatnight（找到一個(gè)……可以給他們提供一日三餐和晚上睡覺(jué)的地方）可知，這里是填入表示“住所”的詞語(yǔ)；四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都有表示“居所”的意思，而shelter更能表示難民的居所破爛不堪的現(xiàn)象，故B項(xiàng)符合題意。因此正確答案為B。

33.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)search“搜索”；B項(xiàng)stroll“散步，閑逛”；C項(xiàng)crowd“擠滿”；D項(xiàng)wander“徘徊”。根據(jù)句子agoodnumberstillspendthebulkofeachday…thestreet（很多人仍然每天花大量的時(shí)間在街上……）可知，這里指的是難民在街上游蕩徘徊，使用wander，因此正確答案為D。

34.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查邏輯銜接。A項(xiàng)when表時(shí)間；B項(xiàng)once“曾經(jīng)”；C項(xiàng)while“雖然，盡管”；D項(xiàng)whereas“然而，鑒于”。根據(jù)句子Manyothers,…notaddictedormentallyill（還有很多人，……不是癮君子，也不是精神病患者）可知，這里存在一種讓步關(guān)系，選項(xiàng)中while最為合適；因此正確答案為C。

35.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查固定搭配。A項(xiàng)life“生活”；B項(xiàng)existence“存在”；C項(xiàng)survival“幸存”；D項(xiàng)maintenance“維修，生活費(fèi)用”。句子空格處后面是skill“技能”，survivalskills固定搭配表示“生存技能”，因此正確答案為C。

36.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查固定搭配。A項(xiàng)around“周圍”；B項(xiàng)over“超過(guò)”；C項(xiàng)on“在……之上”；D項(xiàng)up“向上，上漲”。此空的句子是turntheirlives…（使生活變……）可知這里是表達(dá)“出現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)”的意思；turnaround表“使逆轉(zhuǎn)，使出現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)”；turnover表“仔細(xì)考慮，移交”；turnon表“打開(kāi)開(kāi)關(guān)”；turnup表“調(diào)大，出現(xiàn)”。因此正確答案為A。

37.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】考查詞義辨析。A項(xiàng)complex“復(fù)雜的”；B項(xiàng)comprehensive“綜合的，廣泛的”；C項(xiàng)complementary“補(bǔ)足的”；D項(xiàng)compensating“補(bǔ)償?shù)摹?。根?jù)句子BostonGlobereporterChrisReidynotesthatthesituationwillimproveonlywhenthereare…programsthataddressthemanyneedsofthehomeless.（《波士頓環(huán)球報(bào)》記者克里斯?雷迪指出，只有當(dāng)有……計(jì)劃解決無(wú)家可歸者的許多需求時(shí)，這種情況才會(huì)改善）可知，這里指建立一套系統(tǒng)完備的制度，故使用comprehensive。因此正確答案為B。

38.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】考查固定搭配。A項(xiàng)so“因此”；B項(xiàng)since“自從”；C項(xiàng)as“正如”；D項(xiàng)thus“因此”。assb.putit固定搭配表示“正如某人指出”；因此正確答案為C。

39.【試題答案】A

【試題解析】考查固定搭配。A項(xiàng)put“放，表達(dá)，安置”；B項(xiàng)interpret“口譯”；C項(xiàng)assume“假定，設(shè)想”；D項(xiàng)make“制作，使”。根據(jù)句子AsEdwardZlotkowski,directorofcommunityserviceatBentleyCollegeinMassachusetts,…it（正如馬薩諸塞州本特利學(xué)院社區(qū)服務(wù)主任愛(ài)德華?茲洛特考斯基……的那樣），結(jié)合句意和assb.putit固定搭配表示“正如某人指出”，可知put符合句意，因此正確答案為A。

40.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】考查語(yǔ)義銜接。A項(xiàng)supervision“監(jiān)督，管理”；B項(xiàng)manipulation“操縱，操作”；C項(xiàng)regulation“管理，規(guī)則”；D項(xiàng)coordination“協(xié)調(diào)”。根據(jù)句子Therehastobe…ofprograms.What’sneededisapackagedeal（計(jì)劃必須有……；我們需要的是一攬子交易），上文提到了這個(gè)program是一個(gè)綜合性計(jì)劃，結(jié)合后文的apackagedeal（一攬子交易），可知，這里是表示對(duì)他們進(jìn)行一個(gè)協(xié)調(diào)，因此正確答案為D。

17.單選題

Afakecanbedefinedasanartworkintendedtodeceive.Themotivesofitscreatoraredecisive,andthemeritoftheobjectitselfisaseparateissue.ThequestionmarkinthetitleofMarkJones’sFake?TheArtofDeceptionrevealsthestudy’sbroaderconcerns.Indeed,itmightequallybeentitledOriginal?Andthetextbeginsbynothingavarietyofpossibilitiessomewherebetweenthetwoextremes.Theseincludeworksbyanartist’sfollowersinthestyleofthemaster,deliberatearchaism,copyingforpedagogicalpurposes,andtheproductionofcommercialfacsimiles.

ThegreaterpartofFake?isdevotedtoachronologicalsurveysuggestingthatfakingfeedsonthemanydifferentmotivespeoplehaveforcollectingart,andthat,onthewhole,thefakingofartflourisheswheneverartcollectingflourishes.InimperialRometherewasawidespreadinterestincollectingearlierGreekart,andthereforeinfakingit.Nodoubtmanyofthesculpturesnowexhibitedas“Romancopies”wereoriginallypassedoffasGreek.InmedievalEurope,becauseartwascelebratedmoreforitsdevotionalusesthanforitsprovenanceortheingenuityofitscreators,thefakingofartwasvirtuallynonexistent.ThemodernageoffakingbeganintheItalianRenaissance,withtwolinkeddevelopments:apassionateidentificationwiththeworldofantiquityandagrowingsenseofindividualartisticidentity.ApatronoftheyoungMichelangeloprevailedupontheartisttomakehisSculptureSleepingCupidlookasthoughithadbeenburiedintheearthsothat“itwillbetakenforantique,andyouwillsellitmuchbetter.”Withinafewyears,however,beginningwithhisfirstmasterpiece,theBacchus,Michelangelohadshownhiscontemporariesthatgreatartcanassimilateandtranscendwhatcamebefore,resultinginawhollyoriginalwork.Soonhisgeniusmadehimtheobjectofimitators.

Fake?Alsoremindsusthatincertainculturesauthenticityisaforeignconcept.ThisistrueofmuchAfricanart,whentheauthenticityofanobjectisconsideredbycollectorstodependonitsfunction.Asanillustration,thestudycomparestwoversionsofachiwaramaskmadebytheBambarapeopleofMali.Onehaspegsallowingittobeattachedtoacapforitsintendedceremonialpurpose.Thesecond,otherwiseidentical,lacksthepegsandisareplicamadeforsale.Africancarvingisnotoriouslydifficulttodate,buteveniftheritualmaskisrecent,madeperhapstoreplaceadamagedpredecessor,andthereplicamucholder,onlytheritualmaskshouldbeseenasauthentic,foritistiedtotheform’soriginalfunction.That,atleast,istheconsensusoftheso-calledexperts.OnewonderswhethertheBambaranartistswouldagree.

56.Thepassagecanbestbedescribedasdoingwhichoneofthefollowing?

57.Whichoneofthefollowingbestexpressestheauthor’smainpoint?

58.TheauthorprovidesatleastoneexampleofeachofthefollowingEXCEPT______.

59.Theauthorimplieswhichoneofthefollowingabouttheartisticmeritsoffakes?

60.Bythestandarddescribedinthelastparagraphofthepassage,whichoneofthefollowingwouldbeconsideredauthentic?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.Reconcilingvariedpointsofview.

B.Chroniclingtheevolutionofaphenomenon.

C.Exploringacomplexquestion.

D.Advocatinganewapproach.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Whetheraworkofartisfakeornotislessimportantthanwhetherithasartisticmerit.

B.Itispossibletoshowthataworkofartisfake,buttheauthenticityofaworknotbeprovedconclusively.

C.Avarietyofcircumstancesmakeitdifficulttodeterminewhetheraworkofartcanappropriatelybecalledafake.

D.Thefakingofarthasoccurredthroughouthistoryandinvirtuallyeveryculture.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.categoriesofartthatareneitherwhollyfakenorwhollyoriginal

B.contemporaryartistswhoseworkshaveinspiredfakes

C.qualitiesthatartcollectorshaveprizedintheiracquisitions

D.culturesinwhichthefakingofartflourished

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Afakemayormaynothaveartisticmeritinitsownright,regardlessofthecircumstancesofitsproduction.

B.Whetherafakehasartisticmeritdependsonwhetheritscreatorisaccomplishedasanartist.

C.Theartisticmeritoffakedependson