(完整word版)《國際經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)(英文版)》選擇題匯總版(附答案)(完整word版)《國際經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)(英文版)》選擇題匯總版(附答案)《國際經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)》選擇題匯總版（附答案）Ch1-Ch3TheUnitedStatesislessdependentontradethanmostothercountriesbecausetheUnitedStatesisarelativelylargecountrywithdiverseresources.theUnitedStatesisathemilitarypoweroftheUnitedStatesmakesitlessdependentonanything.theUnitedStatesinvestsinmanyothercountries.manycountriesinvestintheUnitedStates.BecausetheConstitutionforbidsrestraintsoninterstatetrade,theU.S.maynotimposetariffsonimportsfromNAFTAcountries.theU.S.maynotaffecttheinternationalvalueofthe$U.S.theU.S.maynotputrestraintsonforeigninvestmentsinCaliforniaifitinvolvesafinancialintermediaryinNewYorkState.theU.S.maynotimposeexportduties.theU.S.maynotdisruptcommercebetweenFloridaandHawaii.Internationaleconomicscanbedividedintotwobroadsub-fieldsmacroandmicro.developedandlessdeveloped.monetaryandernationaltradeandinternationalmoney.staticanddynamic.Internationalmonetaryanalysisfocusesontherealsideoftheinternationaleconomy.theinternationaltradesideoftheinternationaleconomy.theinternationalinvestmentsideoftheinternationaleconomy.theissuesofinternationalcooperationbetweenCentralBanks.themonetarysideoftheinternationaleconomy,suchascurrencyexchange.ThegravitymodeloffersalogicalexplanationforthefactthattradebetweenAsiaandtheU.S.hasgrownfasterthanNAFTAtrade.tradeinserviceshasgrownfasterthantradeingoods.tradeinmanufactureshasgrownfasterthaninagriculturalproducts.Intra-EuropeanUniontradeexceedsinternationaltradebytheEuropeanUnion.theU.S.tradesmorewithWesternEuropethanitdoeswithCanada.ThegravitymodelexplainswhyA)tradebetweenSwedenandGermanyexceedsthatbetweenSwedenandSpain.B)countrieswithoilreservestendtoexportoil.capitalrichcountriesexportcapitalintensivera-industrytradeisrelativelymoreimportantthanotherformsoftradebetweenneighboringcountries.Europeancountriesrelymostoftenonnaturalresources.Whydoesthegravitymodelwork?Largeeconomiesbecamelargebecausetheywereengagedininternationaltrade.Largeeconomieshaverelativelylargeincomes,andhencespendmoreongovernmentpromotionoftradeandinvestment.Largeeconomieshaverelativelylargerareaswhichraisestheprobabilitythataproductiveactivitywilltakeplacewithinthebordersofthatcountry.Largeeconomiestendtohavelargeincomesandtendtospendmoreonimports.Largeeconomiestendtoavoidtradingwithsmalleconomies.WeseethattheNetherlands,Belgium,andIrelandtradeconsiderablymorewiththeUnitedStatesthanwithmanyothercountries.Thisisexplainedbythegravitymodel,sincethesearealllargecountries.Thisisexplainedbythegravitymodel,sincetheseareallsmallcountries.Thisfailstobeconsistentwiththegravitymodel,sincethesearesmallcountries.Thisfailstobeconsistentwiththegravitymodel,sincethesearelargecountries.Thisisexplainedbythegravitymodel,sincetheydonotshareborders.Inthepresent,mostoftheexportsfromChinaaremanufacturedgoods.services.primaryproductsincludingagricultural.technologyintensiveproducts.overpricedbyworldmarketstandards.Acountryengagingintradeaccordingtotheprinciplesofcomparativeadvantagegainsfromtradebecauseitisproducingexportsindirectlymoreefficientlythanitcouldalternatively.isproducingimportsindirectlymoreefficientlythanitcoulddomestically.isproducingexportsusingfewerlaborunits.isproducingimportsindirectlyusingfewerlaborunits.isproducingexportswhileoutsourcingservices.TheRicardianmodelattributesthegainsfromtradeassociatedwiththeprincipleofcomparativeadvantageresulttodifferencesintechnology.differencesinpreferences.C)differencesinlaborproductivity.differencesinresources.gravityrelationshipsamongcountries.AnationengagingintradeaccordingtotheRicardianmodelwillfinditsconsumptionbundleinsideitsproductionpossibilitiesfrontier.onitsproductionpossibilitiesfrontier.outsideitsproductionpossibilitiesfrontier.insideitstrade-partner'sproductionpossibilitiesfrontier.onitstrade-partner'sproductionpossibilitiesfrontier.AssumethatlaboristheonlyfactorofproductionandthatwagesintheUnitedStatesequal$20perhourwhilewagesinJapanare$10perhour.ProductioncostswouldbelowerintheUnitedStatesascomparedtoJapanifU.S.laborproductivityequaled40unitsperhourandJapan's15unitsperhour.U.S.laborproductivityequaled30unitsperhourandJapan's20unitsperhour.U.S.laborproductivityequaled20unitsperhourandJapan's30unitsperhour.U.S.laborproductivityequaled15unitsperhourandJapan's25unitsperhour.U.S.laborproductivityequaled15unitsperhourandJapan's40unitsperhour.Inatwo-country,two-productworld,thestatement“GermanyenjoysacomparativeadvantageoverFranceinautosrelativetoisequivalenttoFrancehavingacomparativeadvantageoverGermanyinships.FrancehavingacomparativedisadvantagecomparedtoGermanyinautosandships.GermanyhavingacomparativeadvantageoverFranceinautosandships.FrancehavingnocomparativeadvantageoverGermany.Franceshouldproduceautos.IftheUnitedStates'productionpossibilityfrontierwasflattertothewidgetaxis,whereasGermany'swasflattertothebutteraxis,weknowthattheUnitedStateshasnocomparativeadvantageGermanyhasacomparativeadvantageinbutter.theU.S.hasacomparativeadvantageinbutter.Germanyhascomparativeadvantagesinbothproducts.theU.S.hasacomparativedisadvantageinwidgets.Ch4-Ch5TheRicardianmodelofinternationaltradedemonstratesthattradecanbemutuallybeneficial.Why,then,dogovernmentsrestrictimportsofsomegoods?Tradecanhavesubstantialeffectsonacountry'sdistributionofincome.TheRicardianmodelisoftenincorrectinitspredictionthattradecanbemutuallybeneficial.Importrestrictionsaretheresultoftradewarsbetweenhostilecountries.Importsareonlyrestrictedwhenforeign-madegoodsdonotmeetdomesticstandardsofquality.Restrictionsonimportsareintendedtobenefitdomesticconsumers.Japan'stradepolicieswithregardtoricereflectthefactthatjapanesericefarmershavesignificantpoliticalpower.Japanhasacomparativeadvantageinriceproductionandthereforeexportsmostofitsricecrop.therewouldbenogainsfromtradeavailabletoJapanifitengagedinfreetradeinrice.therearegainsfromtradethatJapancapturesbyengaginginfreetradeinrice.Japanimportsmostofthericeconsumedinthecountry.Inthespecificfactorsmodel,whichofthefollowingistreatedasaspecificfactor?A)LaborLandClothFoodTechnologyThespecificfactorsmodelassumesthatthereare goodsand factor(s)ofproduction.two;threetwo;twotwo;onethree;twofour;threeTheslopeofacountry'sproductionpossibilityfrontierwithclothmeasuredonthehorizontalandfoodmeasuredontheverticalaxisinthespecificfactorsmodelisequalto andit asmoreclothisproduced.-MPLF/MPLC;becomessteeper-MPLF/MPLC;becomesflatter-MPLF/MPLC;isconstant-MPLC/MPLF;becomessteeper-MPLC/MPLF;isconstantUnderperfectcompetition,theequilibriumpriceoflaborusedtoproduceclothwillbeequaltotheslopeoftheproductionpossibilityfrontier.theaverageproductoflaborintheproductionofclothtimesthepriceofcloth.theratioofthemarginalproductoflaborintheproductionofclothtothemarginalproductoflaborintheproductionoffoodtimestheratioofthepriceofcloth.tothepriceoffood.themarginalproductoflaborintheproductionofclothtimesthepriceofcloth.thepriceofclothdividedbythemarginalproductoflaborintheproductionofcloth.Inthespecificfactorsmodel,whichofthefollowingwillincreasethequantityoflaborusedinclothproduction?anincreaseinthepriceofclothrelativetothatoffoodanincreaseinthepriceoffoodrelativetothatofclothadecreaseinthepriceoflaboranequalpercentagedecreaseinthepriceoffoodandclothanequalpercentageincreaseinthepriceoffoodandclothAcountrythatdoesnotengageintradecanbenefitfromtradeonlyifithasanabsoluteadvantageinatleastonegood.itemploysauniquetechnology.pre-tradeandfree-traderelativepricesarenotidentical.itswagerateisbelowtheworldaverage.pre-tradeandfree-traderelativepricesareidentical.Inthespecificfactorsmodel,theeffectsoftradeonwelfareare formobilefactors, forfixedfactorsusedtoproducetheexportedgood,and forfixedfactorsusedtoproducetheimportedgood.ambiguous;positive;negativeambiguous;negative;positivepositive;ambiguous;ambiguousnegative;ambiguous;ambiguouspositive;positive;positiveTheeffectoftradeonspecializedemployeesofimport-competingindustrieswillbe jobsand paybecausetheyarerelatively .fewer;lower;mobilefewer;lower;immobilemore;lower;immobilemore;higher;mobilemore;higher;immobileThereisabiasinthepoliticalprocessagainstfreetradebecausethereisahighcorrelationbetweenthevolumeofimportsandtheunemploymentrate.thegainsfromfreetradecannotbemeasured.thosewhogainfromfreetradecan'tcompensatethosewholose.foreigngovernmentsmakelargedonationstoU.S.politicalcampaigns.thosewholosefromfreetradearebetterorganizedthanthosewhogain.Inthe2-factor,2goodHeckscher-Ohlinmodel,thetwocountriesdifferintastesanditarycapabilities.thesizeoftheireconomies.relativeabundanceoffactorsofproduction.laborproductivities.IfacountryproducesgoodY(measuredontheverticalaxis)andgoodX(measuredonthehorizontalaxis),thentheabsolutevalueoftheslopeofitsproductionpossibilityfrontierisequaltotheopportunitycostofgoodX.thepriceofgoodXdividedbythepriceofgoodY.thepriceofgoodXdividedbythepriceofgoodY.theopportunitycostofgoodY.thecostofcapital(assumingthatgoodYiscapitalintensive)dividedbythecostoflabor.Inthe2-factor,2goodHeckscher-Ohlinmodel,tradewill theownersofacountry's factorandwill thegoodthatusesthatfactorintensively.benefit;abundant;exportharm;abundant;importbenefit;scarce;exportbenefit;scarce;importharm;scarce;exportTheassumptionofdiminishingreturnsintheHeckscher-Ohlinmodelmeansthat,unlikeintheRicardianmodel,itislikelythatcountrieswillconsumeoutsidetheirproductionpossibilityfrontier.countrieswillbenefitfromfreeinternationaltrade.countrieswillnotbefullyspecializedinoneparativeadvantagewillnotdeterminethedirectionoftrade.globalproductionwilldecreaseundertrade.IfJapanisrelativelycapitalrichandtheUnitedStatesisrelativelylandrich,andiffoodisrelativelylandintensivethentradebetweenthesetwo,formerlyautarkiccountrieswillresultinanincreaseintherelativepriceoffoodintheU.S.anincreaseintherelativepriceoffoodinJapan.aglobalincreaseintherelativepriceoffood.adecreaseintherelativepriceoffoodinbothcountries.anincreaseintherelativepriceoffoodinbothcountries.Startingfromanautarky(no-trade)situationwithHeckscher-Ohlinmodel,ifCountryHisrelativelylaborabundant,thenoncetradebeginsrentwillbeunchangedbutwageswillriseinH.wagesandrentsshouldriseinH.wagesandrentsshouldfallinH.wagesshouldfallandrentsshouldriseinH.wagesshouldriseandrentsshouldfallinH.TheLeontieffParadoxfailedtosupportthevalidityoftheHeckscher-Ohlinmodel.supportedthevalidityoftheRicardiantheoryofcomparativeadvantage.supportedthevalidityoftheHeckscher-Ohlinmodel.failedtosupportthevalidityoftheRicardianvedthattheU.S.economyisdifferentfromallothers.WhichofthefollowingisanassertionoftheHeckscher-Ohlinmodel?Factorpriceequalizationwilloccuronlyifthereiscostlessmobilityofallfactorsacrossborders.Anincreaseinacountry'slaborsupplywillincreaseproductionofboththecapital-intensiveandthelabor-intensivegood.Inthelong-run,laborismobileandcapitalisnot.Thewage-rentalratiodeterminesthecapital-laborratioinacountry'sindustries.Factorendowmentsdeterminethetechnologythatisavailabletoacountry,whichdeterminesthegoodinwhichthecountrywillhaveacomparativeadvantage.WhichofthefollowingisanassertionoftheHeckscher-Ohlinmodel?Anincreaseinacountry'slaborsupplywillincreaseproductionofthelabor-intensivegoodanddecreaseproductionofthecapital-intensivegood.Anincreaseinacountry'slaborsupplywillincreaseproductionofboththecapital-intensiveandthelabor-intensivegood.Inthelong-run,laborismobileandcapitalisnot.Factorpriceequalizationwilloccuronlyifthereiscostlessmobilityofallfactorsacrossborders.Factorendowmentsdeterminethetechnologythatisavailabletoacountry,whichdeterminesthegoodinwhichthecountrywillhaveacomparativeadvantage.Ch6-Ch10Iftheratioofpriceofcloth(PC)dividedbythepriceoffood(PF)increasesintheinternationalmarketplace,thenthetermsoftradeofclothexporterswillimprove.allcountrieswouldbebetteroff.thetermsoftradeoffoodexporterswillimprove.thetermsoftradeofallcountrieswillimprove.thetermsoftradeofclothexporterswillworsen.Iftheratioofpriceofcloth(PC)dividedbythepriceoffood(PF)increasesintheinternationalmarketplace,thenworldrelativequantityofclothsuppliedwillincrease.worldrelativequantityofclothsuppliedanddemandedwillincrease.(完整word版)《國際經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)(英文版)》選擇題匯總版(附答案)worldrelativequantityofclothsuppliedanddemandedwilldecrease.worldrelativequantityofclothdemandedwilldecrease.worldrelativequantityoffoodwillincrease.IftheU.S.(alargecountry)imposesatariffonitsimportedgood,thiswilltendtoA)havenoeffectontermsoftrade.B)improvethetermsoftradeoftheUnitedStates.C)improvethetermsoftradeofallcountries.becauseadeteriorationofU.S.termsoftrade.raisetheworldpriceofthegoodimportedbytheUnitedStates.IfSloveniawerealargecountryinworldtrade,thenifitinstitutedalargesetofsubsidiesforitsexports,thismustdecreaseitsmarginalpropensitytoconsume.havenoeffectonitstermsoftrade.improveitstermsoftrade.harmitstermsoftrade.harmworldtermsoftrade.InternaleconomiesofscalearisewhenthecostperunitA)fallsastheaveragefirmgrowslarger.B)risesastheindustrygrowslarger.C)fallsastheindustrygrowslarger.D)risesastheaveragefirmgrowslarger.(完整word版)《國際經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)(英文版)》選擇題匯總版(附答案)(完整word版)《國際經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)(英文版)》選擇題匯總版(附答案)E)remainsconstantoverabroadrangeofoutput.Externaleconomiesofscalewill averagecostwhenoutputis by .reduce;increased;theindustryreduce;increased;afirmincrease;increased;afirmincrease;increased;theindustryreduce;reduce;theindustryIfsomeindustriesexhibitinternalincreasingreturnstoscaleineachcountry,weshouldnotexpecttoseeperfectcompetitioninthesera-industrytradebetweener-industrytradebetweencountries.highlevelsofspecializationinbothcountries.increasedproductivityinbothcountries.Alearningcurverelates to andisacaseof returns.unitcost;cumulativeproduction;dynamicdecreasingreturnsoutputpertimeperiod;long-runmarginalcost;dynamicincreasingreturnsunitcost;cumulativeproduction;dynamicincreasingreturnsoutputpertimeperiod;long-runmarginalcost;dynamicdecreasingreturnslaborproductivity;education;increasingmarginalreturnsPatternsofinterregionaltradeareprimarilydeterminedby ratherthan becausefactorsofproductionaregenerally .externaleconomies;naturalresources;mobileinternaleconomies;externaleconomies;mobileexternaleconomies;population;immobileinternaleconomies;population;immobilepopulation;externaleconomies;immobileMonopolisticcompetitionisassociatedwithproductdifferentiation.price-takingbehavior.explicitconsiderationatthefirmlevelofthestrategicimpactofotherfirms'pricingdecisions.highprofitmarginsinthelongrun.increasingreturnstoscale.Afirminlong-runequilibriumundermonopolisticcompetitionwillearnpositivemonopolyprofitsbecauseeachsellsadifferentiatedproduct.zeroeconomicprofitsbecauseoffreeentrypositiveoligopolyprofitsbecauseeachfirmsellsadifferentiatedproduct.negativeeconomicprofitsbecauseithaseconomiesofscale.positiveeconomicprofitifitengagesininternationaltrade.Themostcommonformofpricediscriminationininternationaltradeisdumping.non-tariffbarriers.VoluntaryExportRestraints.preferentialtradeductboycotts.Considerthefollowingtwocases.Inthefirst,aU.S.firmpurchases18%ofaforeignfirm.Inthesecond,aU.S.firmbuildsanewproductionfacilityinaforeigncountry.Bothare ,withthefirstreferredtoas andthesecondas .foreigndirectinvestment(FDI)outflows;brownfield;greenfieldforeigndirectinvestment(FDI)inflows;greenfield;brownfieldforeigndirectinvestment(FDI)outflows;greenfield;brownfieldforeigndirectinvestment(FDI)inflows;brownfield;greenfieldforeigndirectinvestment(FDI);inflows;outflowsSpecifictariffsareimporttaxesstatedinspecificlegalstatutes.importtaxescalculatedasafixedchargeforeachunitofimportedgoods.importtaxescalculatedasafractionofthevalueoftheimportedgoods.thesameasimportquotas.importtaxescalculatedbasedsolelyontheorigincountry.Aproblemencounteredwhenimplementingan"infantindustry"tariffisthatdomesticconsumerswillpurchasetheforeigngoodregardlessofthetariff.theindustrymaynever"mature."mostindustriesrequiretariffprotectionwhentheyaremature.thetariffmayhurttheindustry'sdomesticsales.thetariffsfailtoprotectthedomesticproducers.Inthecountrylevyingthetariff,thetariffwillincreasebothconsumerandproducersurplus.decreaseboththeconsumerandproducersurplus.decreaseconsumersurplusandincreaseproducersurplus.increaseconsumersurplusanddecreaseproducersurplus.decreaseconsumersurplusbutleaveproducerssurplusunchanged.Ifthetariffoncomputersisnotchanged,butdomesticcomputerproducersshiftfromdomesticallyproducedsemiconductorstoimportedcomponents,thentheeffectiverateofprotectioninthecomputerindustrywillincrease.decreaseremainthesame.dependonwhethercomputersarePCsor"Supercomputers."nolongerapply.Whenagovernmentallowsrawmaterialsandotherintermediateproductstoenteracountrydutyfree,thisgenerallyresultsina(an)effectivetariffratelessthanthenominaltariffrate.nominaltariffratelessthantheeffectivetariffrate.riseinbothnominalandeffectivetariffrates.fallinbothnominalandeffectivetariffrates.riseinonlytheeffectivetariffrate.Shouldthehomecountrybe"large"relativetoitstradepartners,itsimpositionofatariffonimportswouldleadtoanincreasei