托?？谡Z講義Task1PersonalPreferenceThisquestionasksthetesttakertoexpressanddefendapersonalchoicefromagivencategory.Forexample,importantpeople,places,events,oractivitiesthatthetesttakerenjoys.Example:Describeadaythatyouenjoythemostoristhemostspecialforyou,includereasonsanddetailstosupportyourresponse.ExampleQ：Chooseaplaceyougotooftenthatisimportanttoyouandexplainwhyitisimportant.Pleaseincludespecificdetailsinyourexplanation.ImportantPointsPeoplewholistentoyourresponseshouldbeabletoeasilyfollowtheprogressionofyourideas.Responsesscoredatthehighestlevelcontainideassupportedwithdetailsandelaborationthatgobeyondsimplesculpture.Forexample,theresponse“Ilikethisplacebecauseitisnice”doesnothaveenoughdetail.Whyisthisplacenice?Developingthisideamoremightlooklikethis:“Ilikethisplacebecauseitisquietandpeaceful.Listeningtotheoceanwavesonthebeachrelaxesmeandhelpsmetorelievestress.”SampleAnswer1st:IwouldLiketogo*-Ioftengoto1^Francebecause1metafrieiitlofminetwoyearsagosheinvitedmealreadyseverallimestheyhavebeentherealreadyseveraltimesforseveraltimes過去1alwaysfacivebeenfatiuinaLetlbyFrenchhistoryandJstartedleadingFrenchbookswellLhoughinKussiaiibutnotinFrenchsince1wastwelve曾經(jīng)IhavealreadybeeninthesouthsorightnowIamgoiii^tothenorthofthecountry現(xiàn)在A.K..v.Ollkll.k'..IlI\IIlLHJ'.Ll.H'IJSI,I.,■.<i：.Liusl'..II.?-.'.L

RaterComments>Thespeakercontinuesspeakingthroughouttheentire45seconds.Shespeaksclearlyusingavarietyofvocabularyandawiderangeofgrammar.Herreasonsarewelldeveloped.SheusesspecificdetailsaboutwhyFranceisanimportantplaceforher.Insteadofjustsaying,“I'minterestedinthisplacebecauseitisinteresting,”sheelaboratesbytalkingaboutherfriend,herinterestinFrancehistoryandculturefromayoungage,andthefood.Thereisalogicalprogressionofideasthatmakestheresponseeasytounderstand.4.BasicExpressions>TOPIC4.BasicExpressions>TOPICMypointofviewis….Wouldsaythat…remember…POINTThat'sbecauseBeacuseofThereasonwhyDETAILForexampleLikeWhatImeanis4.Inotherwords.ForinstanceIrememberSecondAnotherreasonwhy...isthat...TestQ:Yourschoolhasaprogramthatallowsstudentstovisitworkplaces.Whichplacewouldyouchoosetoobserveandlearnabout?AsciencelaboratoryAbusinessofficeATelevisionstudioChooseaTopic：Iwouldliketovisitasciencelaboratory.rdputasciencelaboratoryatthefirstplace.Goingtoabusinessofficehasbeenmydreamforawhile.Iwoulddefinitelychooseatelevisionstudiotohavealookat.Structure1WatchingTVismydailyroutine.IwanttobeapresenterinthefutureDetailIwanttoknowhowaTVprogramiscreated.>「mdreamingofbeingaTVpresenterinthefuture，butIhavenoideaifitistoodifficulttome.Icanlearnalot,suchashowtoworkwithcamera.Makesomefriends.SampleAnswerWithoutadoubt,Iwoulddefinitelyvisitatelevisionstudio.Therearesomereasonsforit.Firstofall,IamabigfanofwatchingTV.ItwouldbeafantasticexperiencetoobservehowaTVprogramismade.Secondly,IhaveadreamthatonedayIwillbeaninfluentialTVpresenterinChina.ButIhavenoideahowharditistobeanexcellentone.IguessIcouldlearnhowtoprepareinadvance,howtoworkwiththecameraandhowtobehaveaccidenthappens.Lastbutnotleast,Imightbeabletomakesomefriendswhoareworkinginthestudio.PracticeTalkaboutabookyouhavereadthatwasimportanttoyouforsomereason.Explainwhythebookwasimportanttoyou.Givespecificdetailsandexamplestoexplainyouranswer.Chooseaplaceyougotooftenthatisimportanttoyouandexplainwhyitisimportant.Pleaseincludespecificdetailsinyourexplanation.Parentsneedtomakesuretheirchildrenleadhealthylives.Whatcanparentsdotohelptheirchildrenhavehealthylifestyles?(31)Studentsoftenliketostudywithothersinagroup.Whatdoyouthinkarethebenefitsofgroupstudy?Giveatleastonebenefit.Explainyourreasons.(32)Afriendofyourswantstogotouniversitynextyearbutcannotdecideonamajorfieldofstudy.Whatadvicewouldyougiveyourfriendtohelpmakethisdecision?(33)Youruniversityplanstoopenacafeinsidethecampuslibrary.Doyouthinkthisisagoodidea?Explainwhyorwhynot.(34)Talkaboutacountryorculturethatyouwouldliketolearnmoreabout.Whatisthecountryorcultureandwhywouldyouliketolearnmoreaboutit?(40)Talkaboutapersonthatyouadmire.Explainwhyyourespectthisperson.(41)TASK2ChoiceThisquestionasksthetesttakertomakeanddefendapersonalchoicebetweentwocontrastingbehaviorsorcoursesofaction.TypeofQuestionsWouldyouliketobeyoungerorolderthannow?Doyouagreeordisagreewiththestatementthathighschoolshouldhavemusicclass?GuideSupportAorBAgreeordisagreeDependsondifferentsituationExampleQ:Somestudentschoosetotakecoursesinavarietytofsubjectareasinordertogetabroadeducation.Otherschoosetofocusonasinglesubjectareainordertohaveadeeperunderstandingofthatarea.Whichapproachtocourseselectiondoyouthinkisbetterforstudentsandwhy?ImportantPoints>Inthisquestion,youareaskedtomakeachoicebetweentwogivenoptions.Inacomplete,well-developedresponse,youshouldclearlystateyourchoice/preference.Youmaychoosebothoptions,butyoumustsupportbothofthemwithreasonsthataredetailed.Ifyouthinktakingavarietyofcoursesisbetter,makeanexample:”Takingavarietyofcoursesisbetterbecauseitgivesyouanopportunitytolearnaboutsubjectsoutsideofyourfieldofstudy.Becausesomanyfieldsofstudyarerelated,youneverknowwhenknowledgefromoneareawillbehelpfulinanother.”Thiskindofresponseclearlyshowswhichoptionwaschosenandincludesadetailedreasonwhyitwaschosen.SampleResponseThisiskindofcomplicatedquestionurn]thinkit\importanttnknowwhichstageyouareIfyouoreanundcrgrodualcstudent,1wouldrathertotakewiderangeandwidevarietyofsubjectsanddifferentareasbecauseitwouldexpandmyknowIcdge^wouldimprovemyunderstandingfordifferentlopicstOntheotherhand,ifPmagraduatestudent,1wouldrathertotakespecificcourses,beeauscifyouknow,whenyouarcgraduatestudent,youaxeworkinganddealinguiihspcciGctopicsand'hm’hiTmuImlu..RaterCommentsThespeakergivesathoughtful,sustainedanswerwithideasthatprogresslogically.Hespeaksfluentlyanddemonstratesgoodcontrolofgrammarandvocabulary,withonlyminorerrorsthatdonotobscurethemeaningofhisideas.Thespeakerveryclearlystateshisopinionthattheanswerdependsonwhetheryouareanundergraduateoragraduatestudent.Hecontinuesbygivingadetailedreasonthatsupportseachperspective.TestQ:Doyouthinksportscoursesshouldbearequiredapartofeveryschoolday?KeyPoints:AgreeorDisagree.Whyyouagreeordisagree?Reasonanddetail.SampleNoteAgree.Reason:Doingsportshelpsthephysicalfitnessofstudents.PlayasateamimprovetheirfriendshipPointHelpsthephysicalfitnessofstudents.PlayasateamimprovetheirfriendshipDetailMovementcomingfromphysicalexertionduringexercisepromotescirculationofbloodtoallbodyparts.Playingasateamisabletonotifytheirroleandworthtoreachthesamegoal.Sohelpsimprovetheirfriendship.SampleAnswerFrommypointofview,sportscoursesfromanessentialpartofchildren'seducationformanyreasons.Firstofall,doingsportshelpsmaintainthephysicalfitnessofstudents.Movementcomingfromphysicalexertionduringtheexercisepromotescirculationofbloodtoallpartsofbody.Thus,itresultsinvigorandstaminawhichhelptopreventdiseasesandsickness.Moreover,exercisedevelopssportsmanshipamongthestudents.Whentheyplayasateam,theyareabletoidentifytheirroleandworthtoreachthesamegoal.Italsohelpsimprovetheirfriendshipandpersonality.Therefore,Ithinksportscourseshouldbemandatoryinschool.PracticeSomepeoplebelievethattelevisionhashadapositiveinfluenceonsociety.Othersbelieveithashadnegativeinfluenceonsociety.Whichdoyouagreewithandwhy?Usedetailsandexamplestoexplainyouropinion.Somecollegestudentschoosetotakecoursesinavarietyofsubjectareasinordertogetabroadeducation,Otherschoosetofocusonasinglesubjectareainordertohaveadeeperunderstandingofthatarea.Whichapproachtocourseselectiondoyouthinkisbetterforstudentsandwhy?Somestudentsprefertoworkonclassassignmentbythemselves.Otherbelieveitisbettertoworkinagroup.Whichdoyouprefer?Explainwhy.Somepeoplethinkthatmaterialsprintedonpaper,suchasbooksandnewspapers,willonedaybereplacedbyelectronicversionofthosematerials.Othersbelievethatprintedmaterialswillalwaysbepopular.Whichpointofviewdoyouagreewith?Explainwhy.(40)-ITEMSomepeoplebelieveitisimportantforuniversitiestoprovidefundingforstudententertainment,suchasmoviesorconcertsoncampus.Othersbelievethatuniversitymoneyshouldonlybeusedforacademicpurposes.Whichviewdoyouagreewith?Explainwhy.(41)-INCIDENTSomepeoplepreferlivinginabigcity.Otherpeoplepreferlivinginthecountryside,awayfromurbanareas.Whichdoyouthinkisbetter?Explainwhyusingspecificdetailsinyourexplanation.(42)-PLACEDoyouagreeordisagreewiththefollowingstatement?Artistsandmusiciansareimportanttoasociety.Usedetailsandexamplestoexplainyouranswer.(45)-PERSONSomepeopleliketoshopinlargegrocerystoresanddepartmentstores.Otherpeopleprefertoshopinsmallspecialtystoresorshops.Whichdoyouprefer?Explainwhy(48)-PLACEDoyouagreeordisagreewiththefollowingstatement?Inthefuture,peoplewillreadfewerbooksthantheydotoday.Usespecificexamplesanddetailstosupportyouropinion.(47)-INCIDENTTASK3Preparation:30"Response:60"ArticleLength:atleast100wordsStruetureofreadingandlisteningReading2.Listening3.ResponseStatetheopinionofoneofthestudents.Usually,onepersonwouldspeakmorethantheotherone.Thequestionwouldbeaboutthisperson'sopinion.EXAMPLEThemanexpressesliisopinionoftheuniversityspEanioelimFnaTeThebusservice.Statehisopinionandexplainthereasonshegivesforholdingthatopinion.PrapaFStionTime:30gyondsRaspcnsfiTime:60SecondsManIdon^t(ikelheuniversity'splan.WomanReally?Kveriddenthosebuses,andsometimestherewereonly3fewpeopleonthebus.Itdidseemlikekindofawaste.ManIseeyourpoint.BuiIthinktheproblemtheroutersoutofdate.Itonlygoesthroughtheneighborhoodsthat'vegottentooexpensiveforstudentstolivein.It'sridiculousthattheyhavensalreadychangedtheroute—youknow,soitgoeswheremostoff-campusstudentslivenow.Ibetiftheydidthat,theyrdgetplentyofstudentsridingthosebuses.WomanWell,atleastthey'readdingmoreparking.IFsgottenreallytoughtofindaspace.ManThatTstheotherpartIdonftlike』actually.Cuttingbackthebusserviceandaddingparkingpjustgonnaencouragemorestudentstodriveoncampus.Andlhaflljustaddtothenoisearoundcampusandcreatemoretraffic...andthat'llincreasetheneedformoreparkingspacesWomanYeah,IguessIcanseeyourpoint.Maybeitwouldbebetterifmoresiudentsusedthebusesinsteadofdriving.ManRight.Andtheuniversityshouldmakeiteasiertodothat,notharder.NarratorThemanexpresseshisopinionoftheuniversity'splantoeliminateihebusservice.Statehisopinionandexplainthereasonshegivesforholdingthatopinion.ThepurposesofreadingpassageTheproposalwouldnotberepeatedinlisteningmaterial.Thereasonsanddetailswouldnotbegivencompletelyinlisteningmaterial.Howtoreadthearticle1STEP1Whatistheproposalorsuggestion?1?Normally,itwillbegiveninthefirstorthefirsttwoSTEP^Notekeywordsinyourownway.?Practice,formyourownhabittosavetime.DSTEP3Insteadofwritingalot,trytocomprehend??Remembertherelationofreasonsandresults?ListentotheconversationSTEP1Gender/Attitude|?Payattentiontothebeginningofthelistening.STEP2recordreasonsanddetails|?Generally,therewouldbe2reasonsfortheperson'sopinion.ProposedStructureofResponse15s,1句話陳述文章中的提議或決定+1句話陳述對話中人物的態(tài)度20-25S,1句話陳述第一個理由+2-3句話陳述支持第一個理由的細(xì)節(jié)20-25S,1句話陳述第二個理由+2-3句話陳述支持第二個理由的細(xì)節(jié)ImportantPoints:TheuniversityplanstoeliminatethebusservicebecauseitistooexpensivetorunandtoofewStudentSuSeit.ThemandiSagreeSwiththeuniverSity'Splan.HebelieveSthereasonsfewstudentstakethebusisthattheroutegoestoneighborhoodswherestudentsdonotlive.Iftherouteswerechanged,manymorestudentswouldridethebus.Themanalsodisagreeswiththewaytheuniversityplanstousethemoneyitsavesonthebusservice.Buildingmoreparkinglotsoncampuswillencouragemorestudentstodriveoncampus.Thiswouldincreasenoiseandtrafficoncampus.SampleAnswerSowhattheyshouldisjusttochangethecourseofthebitsandthatwilltakecareoftheproblem（觀點孵決方案）Alsotheyshouldencouragemorestudentstousethebusinsteadofdiscouragethem（觀點與解決方案）Ortheyusethemoneytheyuseforthebusservicetoincreaseth*spaceoftheparkinglotsforstudents}whichwilladdtothenoiseofthecampus^andw01bamorecongestedforallthepeoplewhoalreadyparkingoverthere（對應(yīng)理由2）—imi.mmiiiRaterComments:Thespeakergivesaclearandcoherentresponsethatisdetailedandaccurate.Hespeaksquickly,butthisdoesnotpreventhimfrombeingunderstood.Heveryclearlystatestheman'sopinionandsummarizetheman'sreasonsforhavingthatopinion.Heusescomplexgrammaticalstructuresandawidevarietyofappropriatevocabulary.Asaresult,hisspeechseemstoflowautomatically.ModelIntheletterthestudentsuggeststhat■…/Intheannouncemnettheuniversitydecidesto...Thefemale/malespeakerthinksit'sagood/badideaforthefollowingreasons.First,???Second,???TestQ:ReadingCoursestoBeDiscontinuedUniversityadministrationannouncedyesterdaythatthesculptureprogram,adivisionoftheartdepartment,willbeeliminated.“Themainreasonisalackofstudentinterest”reportedoneadministrator.“Althoughthenumberofartstudenthasincreased,fewerandfewerartmajorsaretakingsculptureprofessorisretiringthisyear.“Giventheartlimitedbudget,”theadministratorexplained,”Itjustdoesn'tmakesensetohireanewfull-timeprofessortoteachsculptureforonlyahandfulofstudents.Listening(man)Everythingallright?(woman)Yeah,I'mjustupsetaboutthatarticleIshowedyouthismorning.(man)Why?What'sthebigdeal?(woman)Well,asanartmajor,Ithinkit'sabiglossforthedepartment.Theuniversity'sgotitallwrong.(man)Whatdoyoumean?(woman)Well,thelowenrollmentisn'tbecauseartmajorsdon'twanttotaketheseclasses,problemiswhohastimetotakethemwhentherearesomanyotherrequirements?(man)Idon'tunderstand.(woman)See,theclassesthey'reeliminatingarealloptional.Therequiredcoursesaremostlypaintinganddrawing,andtheytakeupallourtime.Whatwereallyneedaredifferentrequirements.Thenartmajorscouldtakeabettervarietyofclasses,allthethingswe'reinterestedin.(man)Thatmakessense.Butthethingabouttheprofessor…(woman)Well,that'strue.Butstill,they'rebeingdrastic.Ifmoneyistheproblem,theycouldhireapart-timeprofessor.Ormostoftheprofessorsinthedepartmenthavesecondaryfields.(man)Really?(woman)Yeah!Atleastafewpaintingteachersarealsogreatsculptors.I'msureoneofthemcouldteachtheclass.QuestionThewomanexpressesheropinionofthechangethathasbeenannounced.StateheropinionandexplainherreasonsforholdingthatopinionNote:T:WomandisagreeswithitR1:studentsaretoobusytotakethesculptureclassD:studentsareallbusytakingrequiredclasses,whicharelimitedtodrawingorpainting;schoolshouldoffermorerequiredclassesR2:noneedtohireafulltimeprofessorD:parttimeprofessorsareinexpensive;existingprofessorscanteachsculptureclass;theyhavesecondaryfields

SampleAnswer>Theuniversityplanstocancelthesculptureclass,becausenotmanystudentstakeitandtheschoolcan'taffordafulltimeprofessor.Intheconversation,thewomendisagreewiththeschool'sdecision.Firstofall,studentsareallbusytakingrequiredclassessuchasdrawingandpainting.Shethinkstheschoolshouldmaketherequiredcourseslesslimitedbyofferingmoreofthem.Andsecond,shethinkssavingmoneyisnotanexcuse.Manyteachersinthedepartmenthavesecondaryfields.Shebelievesthedepartmentwho'sbothcapableandwillingtoteachthesculptureclass.Nottomentiontheoptionofhiringpart-timeteacherswhichisinexpensive.TASK4AcademicCourse>Thequestionasksthetesttakertocombineandconveyimportantinformationfromthereadingpassageandthelectureexcerpt.TopicSocialsciencePsychology,sociology,marketingmanagementArt&designDrawing,architecture,movie■LifescienceAnimal,vegetation,ecosystem,TwoexamplesCompletestoryListeningTwoexamplesCompletestoryDifferentstories,twosidesoftheconcept.Typesofquestions>Usingtheexamplefromthelecture,explaintheconceptofentertainment

merchandising.Usingtheexamplediscussedbytheprofessor,explainwhatcognitivedissonanceisandhowpeopleoftendealwithit.Explainhowtheexamplesfromtheprofessor'slectureillustratetherelationshipbetweenverbalandnonverbalcommunication.EXAMPLE1.Howtoreadthearticle2.ListentotheconversationSTEP1Simplyrecordthecontentsofthelisteningmaterial.STEP2Choosewhattosayaccordingtothereadingmaterial.SomecontentsoftheexamplesmightnotrelatetothereadingThestatementoftheexamplesistoodetailed,needtobeclassifiedandsimplified.ProfessorOK.sowesaidthatthewayweinteractwithothershas日nimpactonourbehavior***Infact,there'ssomeInterestingresearchtnsuggestthatinonetypeofinteraction一whenwefrebeingobservedspecificallyrwhenweknowwe'rebeingwatchedasweperformsomeactivity—wetendtoincreasethespeedatwhichweperformthatactivity.Inonestudy,collegestudentswereaskedtoeachputonapairofshoes—shoeswithlacestheywouldhavetotie.Now,onegroupofstudentswastoldthattheywou：ldbeobserved.Thesecondgroup,however,didnftknowtheywerebeingobserved,Thestudentswhowereawarethattheywersbeingwatchedactuallytiedtheirshoesmuchfasterthanthestudentswhothoughttheywerealone.OtherstudiesconfirmthesameistrueevenwhenweJrelearningnewactivttres.Let^ssaysomeoneislearninganewtask—lorexample,learninghowtotype.Whenthey'reconsciousofbeingobserved,they'lllikelybegintypingatamuchfasterratethantheywouldiftheywerea[oneTBut,andthisisinterest!n/thestudyalsoshowedthatcertaincommcnbehavior——thingspeopletypicallydo,like…makingmistakeswhenyou'reIearningsomeThingnew…ifiatbehaviorpatternwillalsoincrease,Soinotherwords,whenweYelearrifnQtotype,andweknowwe1rebeingwatched,welltypefaster,butwellalsomakemoremistakes.ImportantPointsTheprincipleofaudienceeffectssuggeststhstwhenpeopleareawareofbeingobserved,theirbehaviorchanges.Specifically,inthetwostudiesdescribed,peopleworkedfasterwhentheywereawareofbeingobservedTnonestudy,twogroupsweretoldtoputonshoesthattied.Onegroupwastolditwouldbeobserved,andtheotherwasnot.ThegroupthatknewItwasbeingobservedtiedshoesmuchfasterthantheothergroup.Inlcamin呂totype?’thosebeingobservedtypefaster,buttheyalsomakemoremistakesthanthosenota'wareofbeingobserved.SampleAnswerInthislecture,theprofessorgivetwoexamplestoillustratetheprinciplesofaudienceeffects.Oneofthemistyingshoes.Sotntheexperimentwheretwogroups...totictheirshocs^ThefirstgroupweresaLdtheywerebeobserved,TheotheronewasnotLoldso.Thefirstgroupthattheyknewtheywouklbeobservedtiedtheirshoesfaster;andtheotheronesbwer.（運用省略）Inthesecondexampletactivities?uchastyping;自呂ahwhenpeopleareconscbustheyarcbein呂observedtheytypefaster,Ho^evcrttheytendtomakemeremistakesoswdLSothesuggestionistopracticenc^acliviticsaloneinordertoreducemistakesRaterCommentsThespeakerspeaksclearly.SheidentifiestheconceptofaudienceeffectsandthetwoexamplesfromtheListening.Sheorganizesherresponseinalogicalwaythatleadsthelistenerfromonesentencetothenext.Shesupportsherresponsewithaccuratedetailsanddemonstratesasophisticatedlevelofbothgrammaticalstructuresandvocabulary.Thisisevidentinthewayshesmoothlymakesthetransitionfromoneideatothenextandtheefficientuseoflanguagetoaccuratelysummarizetheexamplesfromthelistening.Thereareonlyveryminorerrorsinlanguageuse,andtheydonotpreventherresponsefrombeingunderstood.TestQ:ReadingReadinglime;45SecondsActor-observerPeopleaccountfortheirownbehaviordifferentlyfromhowtheyaccountforthebehaviorofothers.Whenobservingthebehaviorofothers,wetenMtoattributetheiractionstotheircharacterortheirpersonalityratherthantoexternalfactors.Incontrastwetendtoexplainourownbehaviorintermsofsituationalfactorsbeyondourowncontrolratherthanattributingittoourowncharacter.Oneexplanationforthisdifferenceisthatpeopleareawareofthesituationalforcesaffectingthembutnotofsituationalforcesaffectingotherpeople?Thus,whenevaluatingsomeoneelsersbehavior,wefocusonthepersonratherthanthesituation.Explainhowthstwoexamplesdiscussedbytheprofessorillustratedifferencesinthewayspeopleexplainbehavior.Prppm^tionUrn?:30SecondsResponselime:60SecondsListeningProfessorSoweencounterthisinI訐日allthetime；butmanyofusareunawarethatwedothis….evenpsychologistswhostudyit...likeme.Forexample,theotherdayIwasatthestoreandIwasgettinginlinetobuysomething-ButjustbeforeIwasactuallyinline,someguycomesoutofnowhereandcutsrightinfrontofme.WelLIwasreallyannoyedandthought,"Thatwasrude!"Iassumedhewasjustaselfish,inconsider-awpersonwhen,infact,Ihadnoideawhyhecutinlineinfrontofmeorwhetherheevenrealizedhewasdoingit.Maybehedidn'tthinkIwasactuallyinlineyet...Butmyimmediatereactionwastoassumehewasaselfishorrudeperson.OK,soafewdaysafterthat,Iwasatthestoreagain.OnlythistimeIwasinarealhurry—Iwaslateforanimportantmeeting—andIwasfrustratedthateverythingwastakingsolong.Ardwhatrsworse,allthecheckoutlineswerelong,andItseemedlikeeveryonewasmovingsoslowly.ButthenIsawaslightlyshorterline!Butsamewomanwithalotofstufftobuywaswalkingtowardit,soIbasicallyrantogettherefirst,beforeher;and,well,Idid.Now,Ididn'tthinkofmyselfasabadorrudepersonfordoingthis.Ihadanimportantmeetingtogetto——Iwasinahurry,so,youknow,IhaddonenothingwrongImportantPointsWeexplainothers'behaviordifferentlytromhowweexplainourownbehavior.Theprofessordescribeshowhethoughtthatthemanwhocutaheadofhiminlinewasarudeperson.Thisexampleshowsthatwetendtoexplainthebehaviorofothersbyattributingittotheircharacterorpersonality.Thentheprofessordescribeshowhesimilarlycutintolinebutdidnotthinkofhimselfasrude,becausehewaslateforameeting.Thisillustrateshowweexplainourownbehaviornotintermsofourcharacterbutbyattributingittosituationalfactors.TASK5CampusSituationTopic：Problem／Solution>Thequestionasksthetesttakertodemonstrateanunde「standingoftheproblemandtoexpressanopinionaboutsolvingtheproblem.Topic:CampuslifeTimeconflictionStudyandLifeRationalStructureProblemSolutionReasonsElaboratearoundthekeypointoftheconversation.UsereasonsfromtheconversationStructureofconversationDiscussaproblemThefirstsolutionThesecondsolutionStepThedescriptionofthequestioniscomplicatedusually,needtobeconcluded.ManListsn,Iknowitsshortnotice...andmaybeyourvealreadymadeplansforspringbreak….but+…oneofmystudentsjustdroppedoutofthefieldtriptotheSmithsonRiverCaves.You'renextonthewaitingHist,sonowthere'sroomforyoutocomealong,WomanYou'rekidding![disappointed]Ididn'tthinktherewasachance,,?and?.+well,ifsathree-daytrip,right?IagreedtospendnextweekhelpingProfessorClarksetupthenewmuseumexhibition.Ithinkshe'sreallycountingonme,Writedownthetwosolutionswithrationalstructure.SolutionlManYeahfthreedays.Buiyouknow,,.ifyou'drathercomeonthefieldtrip,whynotspeakwithherandseeifshehasanyorietoreplaceyou?WomanYeah,rdhatetomissoutonthecaves.I'lldefinitelyaskProiessorClarkifthere'ssomeoneelsewhocouldhelpher.Solution2ManYouknow■…wedon'tleaveuntilWednesday.Ifyoustillhavetohelpout,anychanceyoucouldgetthemuseumsetupdonebeforethen?WomanOhyeahnotuntilWednesday.??50thenryeah…*maybethat'spossibletoo.Response15secondsstatethequestion(1-2lines)▼15secondstwosolutions(highlevel)yourchoice(1line)20-30secondsReason1,theadvantagesofyourReason2,thedisadvantagesofthechoiceotherone10secondsHowtowipeoutthedisadvantagesExampleThespeakersdiscusstwopossiblesolutionstothewoman'sproblem?Describetheproblemandthetwosolutions.Thenexplainwhatyouthinkthewomanshoulddoandwhy.PreparationTime:20SecondsResponseTime:60Seconds1.ImportantPointsTheproblemthestudentfacesisaconflictbetweenanearliercommitmenttohelpwithsettingupamuseumexhibitionandamorerecentopportunitytogoanafieldtripledbyoneofherprofessors.ShecouldtalktoDr.Clarkaboutfindingareplacementtohelpwithsettingupthemuseumexhib讓iomAsanalternative,sincethefieldtripdoesnotstartuntillaterintheweek,thestudentcouldtrytofinishsettinguptheexhibitbeforethefieldtrip.(Note:Normally,youareaskedtotalkaboutonlytheonesolutionyousupport,notbothsolutio口￡asinthisexample.)Aftersummarizingtheproblemandsolutions,youshouldchoosethesolutionyouthinkisbestandgiveadetailedreason.Forexample,youcouldsaythatyouthinkthestudentshouldstaytosetupthemuseumexhibitbecausesheshouldhonorthecommitmentshemadetoDr.Clark.SampleAnswerThesecondsolutioiiisshecoulddothesetupbeforeWednesdaywhenthefieldstarted.Justdoitbeforeshegotothefield.Sothesetwosolutionsaitavailableforherand1suggesthertodothesetup,tofinish±esetupTheproblemisthewomangotachancetogoloafieldtrpbutonthedayforthefield廿單，sheneedstodoamuseumsetupforanotherprofessor,sosheisnotavailableonthatday.Thesolutionsarethefirstone:shecouldfindanotherhe^eifortheprofessortodothesetu