llLesson19Soldout票已售完'Theplaymaybeginatanymoment,'Isaid.'Itmayhavebegunalready,'Susananswered.Ihurriedtotheticketoffice.'MayIhavetwoticketsplease?'Iasked.'I'msorry,we'vesoldout,'thegirlsaid.'Whatapity!'Susanexclaimed.Justthen,amanhurriedtotheticketoffice.'CanIreturnthesetwotickets?'heasked.'Certainly,'thegirlsaid.Iwentbacktotheticketofficeatonce.'CouldIhavethosetwoticketsplease?'Iasked.'Certainly,'thegirlsaid,'butthey'refornextWednesday'sperformance.Doyoustillwantthem?''Imightaswellhavethem,'Isaidsadly.Newwordsandexpressions生詞和短語hurryv.匆忙ticketoffice售票處pityn.令人遺憾的事exclaimv.大聲說returnv.退回sadlyadv.悲哀地，喪氣地參考譯文“劇馬上就要開演了，”我說?！耙苍S已經(jīng)開演了呢，”蘇珊回答說。我匆匆趕到售票處，問“我可以買兩張票嗎？”“對不起，票已售完?！蹦俏还媚镎f?！罢婵上?！”蘇珊大聲說。正在這時，一個男子匆匆奔向售票處?！拔铱梢酝说暨@兩張票嗎？”他問?！爱?dāng)然可以，”那姑娘說。我馬上又回到售票處?！拔铱梢再I那兩張票嗎？”我問。“當(dāng)然可以，不過這兩張票是下星期三的，您是否還要呢？”“我還是買下的好，”我垂頭喪氣地說。Soldout票已售完sell[sel]v.,n.v.(sold,sold[sBuld])(opposite:buybought,bought)~sth?(tosb?)(at/forsth.)/~sb?sth?(at/forsth.)togivesth.tosb.inexchangeformoney出讓；轉(zhuǎn)讓：e.g.[vn,vnn]我把我的汽車轉(zhuǎn)讓給了詹姆斯，獲得800英鎊。IsoldmycartoJamesfor800pounds.IsoldJamesmycarfor800pounds.[vn]他們把公司賣掉，贏了利/賠了錢。Theysoldthebusinessataprofit/loss(=theygained/lostmoneywhentheysoldit).[v]我們開了好價錢，但他們不賣。Weofferedthemagoodpricebuttheywouldn'tsell.[vn]tooffersth.forpeopletobuy出售；售賣：e.g.你這兒賣郵票嗎？Doyousellstamps?出售保險tosellinsurance[in丁uarans]tobeboughtbypeopleinthewayorinthenumbersmentioned;tobeofferedatthepricementioned銷售得…；賣出…；售價是…：e.g.[vn]這種雜志一周售出30萬冊。Themagazinesells300,000copiesaweek.sellwell暢銷sellbadly滯銷這部戲的票賣得很好/不好。Theticketsfortheplaysoldwell/badly.Thenewdesignjustdidn'tsell(=nobodyboughtit).新款式無人問津。sellfor+價格以…價格出售sellat+價格以…價格賣出e.g.這個花瓶至少要賣5000美元。Thevasewillsellfor5000dollarsatleast.今年，洋白菜的價格很高。Cabbageissellingatahighpricethisyear.[vn]~sth./yourself（tosb.）topersuadesb.thatsth.isagoodidea,service,product,etc.;topersuadesb.thatyouaretherightpersonforajob,position,etc推薦；推銷；自薦；自我推銷：e.g.應(yīng)聘面試的時候，你真得推銷你自己。Youreallyhavetosellyourselfatajobinterview.Phr.v.sellsth.off1）tosellthingscheaplybecauseyouwanttogetridofthemorbecauseyouneedthemoney甩賣；拋售；變賣（getridofsb./sth.擺脫；丟棄；扔掉）2）tosellallorpartofanindustry,acompanyorland出售，賣掉（產(chǎn)業(yè)、公司或土地）:e.g.教堂賣掉了那塊地皮，用來蓋房子了。TheChurchsoldoffthelandforhousing.（house[hauz]vt.1.給（某人）提供住處2.收藏；安置housingn.1.[u]（統(tǒng)稱）住房，住宅2.[u]住房供給）sellout/besoldout（ofticketsforaconcert,footballgame,etc.音樂會、足球賽等的門票）tobeallsold售完：e.g.幾小時內(nèi)票就賣光了。Theticketssoldoutwithinhours.所有的票被賣光了。Alltheticketshavebeensoldout.sellout（ofsth.）/besoldout（ofsth.）tohavesoldalltheavailableitems,tickets,etc售空，賣光（某種商品、門票等）；脫銷：e.g.抱歉，我們的面包賣完了。I'msorry,we'vesoldoutofbread.我們賣光了所有的票。We'vesoldoutofallthetickets.先生，星期天的報紙已經(jīng)賣完了。WearesoldoutofSundaynewspapers,sir.seller['sela]n.apersonwhosellssth.賣者；銷售者；賣方：opposite:buyer['baw]e.g.賣花人aflowerseller這項法律意在保護買賣雙方。Thelawisintendedtoprotectboththebuyerandtheseller.agood,poor,etc.~aproductthathasbeensoldintheamountsorwaymentioned（暢銷、滯銷等的）商品：e.g.暢銷的商品agoodseller滯銷的商品abad/poorseller暢銷品abestsellerIDM:aseller'smarket賣方市場sellingpointn.afeatureofsth.thatmakespeoplewanttobuyoruseit賣點（吸引顧客的產(chǎn)品特色）：e.g.顯然，價格低是一大賣點。Thepriceisobviouslyoneofthemainsellingpoints.sellingpricen.銷售價sale[seil]n.[u,c]anactortheprocessofsellingsth.出售；銷售：e.g.汽車/服裝/商品的銷售thesaleofcars/clothes/goods（sales）[pl.]thenumberofitemssold銷售量（sales）[u]（alsosalesdepartment[c]）thepartofacompanythatdealswithsellingitsproducts銷售部[c]anoccasionwhenashop/storesellsitsgoodsatalowerpricethanusual特價銷售；廉價出售；大減價：[c]anoccasionwhengoodsaresold,esp.anauction（['□:kfan]n.拍賣；競賣；標(biāo)售）銷售活動；（尤指）拍賣IDM:forsaleavailabletobebought,esp.fromtheowner待售；供出售（尤指從主人手里）e.g.待售的房子ahouseforsale抱歉，這個不賣。I'msorry,it'snotforsale.onsale1）availabletobebought,esp.inashop/store（常用于商店）出售，上市：e.g.售票處正在售票。Ticketsareonsalefromthebookingoffice.新款下月上市。Thenewmodel[mndal]goesonsalenextmonth.2）（esp.AmE）beingofferedatareducedprice折價銷售；減價出售：e.g.所有商品今明兩天降價出售。Allgoodsareonsaletodayandtomorrow.salesmann.男售貨員；男推銷員e.g.汽車推銷員acarsalesmansaleswomann.女售貨員；女推銷員'Theplaymaybeginatanymoment,'Isaid.“劇馬上就要開演了，”我說。maybegin是一種可能性的判斷e.g.客人們馬上就要來了。Theguestsmayarriveatanymoment.這天氣隨時都可能下雨。Itmay/mightrain(at)anymoment.must+原形指比較肯定的判斷e.g.你一定是瑪麗，我見過你的照片。YoumustbeMary.I'veseenyourpicture.cannot+原形指否定性的判斷e.g.你不可能是瑪麗，她已經(jīng)出國了。Youcan'tbeMary.Shehasbeenabroad.may+原形指可能性的判斷e.g.她可能是瑪麗，但我不確定。ShemaybeMary,butI'mnotsure.atanymoment=atanytime隨時atthismoment=now此時此刻atthatmoment=then那時'Itmayhavebegunalready,'Susananswered.“也許已經(jīng)開演了呢，”蘇珊回答說。mayhavebegunmayhavedone對過去事情的一種可能性判斷e.g.它可能被偷走了。Itmayhavebeenstolen.musthavedone對過去事情的一種肯定性判斷e.g.我找不到我的包了，它一定是已經(jīng)被偷了。Ican'tfindmybag.Itmusthavebeenstolen.can'thavedone對過去事情的一種否定性判斷e.g.瑪麗經(jīng)過我身邊沒有說話，她一定是沒有看到我。Marywalkedpastmewithoutspeaking.Shecan'thaveseenme.Ihurriedtotheticketoffice.'MayIhavetwoticketsplease?'Iasked.我匆匆趕到售票處，問：“我可以買兩張票嗎？”1)hurry['hAri]n.,v.n?theneedorwishtogetsth.donequickly匆忙；急忙：e.g.悠著點—不用急。Takeyourtime—there'snohurry.我匆忙動身，忘了帶護照。Inmyhurrytoleave,Iforgotmypassport.['pa:sp3：t]慌什么？火車還有一個小時才開呢。What'sthehurry?Thetraindoesn'tleaveforanhour.IDM:1.inahurry(=adv.quickly,hastily['heistili]adv.匆忙地，倉促地‘hurriedly匆忙地，迅速地)veryquicklyormorequicklythanusual迅速；趕快：e.g.他不得不趕快離開了。Hehadtoleaveinahurry.nothavingenoughtimetodosth.倉促；匆忙：e.g.對不起，我現(xiàn)在沒時間管這個我忙著呢。Sorry,Ihaven'tgottimetodoitnowI'minahurry.我們匆忙地趕到車站。Wewenttothestationinahurry.如此地匆忙insuchahurry2inahurrytodosth?impatienttodosth.急于做某事：e.g.我女兒恨不得一下子就長大。Mydaughterisinsuchahurrytogrowup.你為什么如此迫不及待地要賣出？Whyareyouinsuchahurrytosell?innohurry(todosth.)/notina/anyhurry(todosth.)1)havingplentyoftime有足夠的時間，不著急(做某事)：e.g.我可以等著我沒什么特別急的事。Idon'tmindwaitingI'mnotinanyparticularhurry.先招待這位女士吧我不急。ServethisladyfirstI'minnohurry.2）notwantingornotwillingtodosth.不想，不情愿（做某事）：e.g.我再不愿去那里了那里吃的東西糟透了。Iwon'tbegoingthereagaininahurrythefoodwasterrible.v.（hurries,hurrying,hurried,hurried）todosthmorequicklythanusualbecausethereisnotmuchtime趕快，匆忙，急忙（做某事）synonym:rushe.g.[v]不要著急，（我們）有大量的時間。Don'thurry,thereisplentyoftime.如果你想趕上那趟火車就得抓緊時間了。You'llhavetohurryifyouwanttocatchthattrain.我匆忙地趕到售票處。Ihurriedtotheticketoffice.（hurrytosp.匆忙趕到某地）我匆忙地趕到學(xué)校。Ihurriedtoschool.孩子們急忙打開禮物。Thekidshurriedtoopentheirpresents.在英語口語中hurry可與and及所連接的另一個動詞連用，而不和to所引導(dǎo)的不定式連用，尤用于告訴某人快點干某事：e.g.Hurryandopenyourpresent—Iwanttoseewhatitis![vn]~sb.（intodoingsth.）tomakesb.dosth.morequickly催促（某人）synonym:rushe.g.我并不想催你，但我們再過二十分鐘就要關(guān)門。Idon'twanttohurryyoubutwecloseintwentyminutes.我們已經(jīng)遲到了，我必須催促你了。Wearelate,Imusthurryyou.她在催迫之下作出了不明智的選擇。Shewashurriedintomakinganunwisechoice.[vn][usuallypassive]todosth.tooquickly倉促（做某事）synonym:rushe.g.美餐絕不能狼吞虎咽。Agoodmealshouldneverbehurried.Phr.v.hurryontocontinuespeakingwithoutgivinganyoneelsetimetosayanything喋喋不休；啰嗦得沒完沒了hurryup（withsth.）todosth.morequicklybecausethereisnotmuchtime趕快，急忙（做某事）：e.g.快點！我們要遲到了。Hurryup!We'regoingtobelate.快點用刀子。我需要用。Hurryupwiththeknife.Ineedit.hurrysb./sth.uptomakesb.dosth.morequickly;tomakesth.happenmorequickly催促（某人）；使早些發(fā)生：e.g.你能不能設(shè)法讓我點的東西快點送來？Canyoudoanythingtohurrymyorderup?hurried[hrid]adj.[usuallybeforenoun]donetooquicklybecauseyoudonothaveenoughtime匆忙完成的；倉促而就的：e.g.匆匆忙忙的一頓飯ahurriedmeal一個倉促的婚禮ahurriedweddinghurriedlyadv.=inahurry2）ticketoffice=bookingoffice售票處（bookingn.[c,u]（esp.BrE）預(yù)訂bookn.[c]書；書籍v.（esp.BrE）預(yù)約，預(yù)訂）boxofficen.theplaceatatheatre,cinema/movietheatre,etc.wheretheticketsaresold（戲院、劇院的）售票處；票房：（電影、戲等）賣座的，賣得好abox-officesuccesse.g.那部電影十分賣座。Themoviehasbeenahugebox-officesuccess（=manypeoplehavebeentoseeit）.(boxn.1.[c]盒子，箱子2.[c](劇院或法庭中的)專席3.[c]小亭，崗?fù).g.電話亭thetelephoneboxboxer['boksa]n.拳擊手boxing['b^ksi。]n.拳擊運動BoxingDayn.[u,c](BrE)thefirstdayafterChristmasDaythatisnotaSunday.BoxingDayisofficialholidayinBritain.節(jié)禮日(圣誕節(jié)后的第一個工作日。英國定為假日)在英國，圣誕節(jié)的次日，若是星期日，則順延一日，慣例在此日贈送雇員，郵差等禮物。)have=buy'I'msorry,we'vesoldout,'thegirlsaid.“對不起，票已售完?！蹦俏还媚镎f。這句話中用了縮略形式I'm(=Iam)和we've(=wehave).縮略形式一般用于口語和非正式文體中。在正式文體中要避免使用。I'msorry./Iamsorry.We'vesoldout./Wehavesoldout.我什么時候能見到你？When'llIseeyou?/WhenwillIseeyou?我一會也呆不了了。I'llnotstayamomentlonger./Ishallnotstayamomentlonger.'Whatapity!'Susanexclaimed.“真可惜！”蘇珊大聲說。1)pity['piti]n.,v.n.[u]~(forsb./sth.)afeelingofsympathyandsadnesscausedbythesufferingandtroublesofothers同情；憐憫：befullofpityforsb./befilledwithpityforsb.十分同情某人feelpityforsb.對…表示同情e.g.他對這個沒有工作的人表示同情。Hefeltpityforthejoblessman.cryfrompity同情的淚水(因為同情而哭泣)憐憫的表情/感覺alook/feelingofpity我同情她，就把錢借給了她。Itookpityonherandlentherthemoney.(formal)請你可憐可憐他吧。Ibegyoutohavepityonhim.我用不著你可憐。Idon'twantyourpity.[sing.]a~(that…)/a~(todosth.)usedtoshowthatyouaredisappointedaboutsth.(用于表示失望)遺憾，可惜：e.g.你不能再多停留些時間，真是遺憾。It'sapitythatyoucan'tstaylonger.-“我把東西弄丟了！”“I'velostit!”-“哎呀，真可惜?！薄癘h,whatapity”(口語中whatapity!=Whatashame!多遺憾?。?真遺憾，她沒有早點告訴我。Whatapitythatshedidn'ttellmeearlier.你要是現(xiàn)在放棄，那就太可惜了。Itwouldbeagreatpityifyougaveupnow.Itisapity.這是一個遺憾。/非常遺憾。Itisathousandpities.v.(pities,pitying,pitied,pitied)(notusedintheprogressivetenses不用于進行時)tofeelsorryforsb.becauseoftheirsituation;tofeelpityforsb.同情；憐憫；可憐e.g.[vn]他同情那些沒有工作的人。Hepitiedpeoplewhowereoutofwork.[vn-ing]她不得不加班加點工作，真讓我同情。Ipityherhavingtoworksuchlonghours.pitiful['pitifl]adj.l.deservingorcausingyoutofeelpity令人同情的；可憐的e.g.這匹馬看上去可憐兮兮的。Thehorsewasapitifulsight(=becauseitwasverythinorsick.).2.notdeservingrespect卑微的；卑鄙的pitiable['pitiabl]adj.(formal)deservingorcausingyoutofeelpity值得同情的；可憐的e.g.處境可憐tobeinapitiablestatenotdeservingrespect卑劣的；卑鄙的pitiless[’pitilis]adj.showingnopity;cruel冷酷的；無情的：e.g.殘忍的殺手apitilesskillerveryharshorsevere,andneverending嚴酷而無盡的（harsh[ha：J]adj.殘酷的；嚴酷的；嚴厲的severe[si'via]adj.嚴峻的；嚴厲的；劇烈的；苛刻的）2）exclaim[ik’skleim]v.（written）tosaysth.suddenlyandloudly,especiallybecauseofstrongemotionorpain（由于強烈的情感或痛苦而）驚叫，呼喊：e.g.“這不公平！”他氣憤地喊道?！癐tisn'tfair!”heexclaimedangrily.[v]看到這情景，她瞪著眼睛，高興地大叫起來。Sheopenedhereyesandexclaimedindelightatthescene.（delightn.[u]高興；愉快；快樂）她大聲地說：“多遺憾??！”“Whatapity!”Sheexclaimed.驚叫toexclaiminastonishment（astonishv.使十分驚訝；使大為驚奇；使吃驚）高興地大叫toexclaimindelight[alsovthat]shoutv.tosaysth.inaloudvoice;tospeakloudly/angrilytosb呼喊，大聲說話，吼叫，叫，嚷shoutouttomakealoudnoise吼出聲來/喊出聲來e.g.你不要那么大聲喊，我能聽清你的話。Don'tshoutatme,Icanhearyouallright.shoutforjoy/shoutwithjoy大聲歡呼/大聲呼喊screamv.togivealoud,highcry,becauseyouarehurt,frightened,excited,etc.（因傷痛、害怕、激動等）尖叫、慘叫、驚叫e.g.有人在喊救命。Someonewasscreamingforhelp.她恐怖地大聲喊叫。Shescreamedinafright.exclamationLekskb'meijn]n.感嘆；感嘆語；感嘆詞e.g.他發(fā)出一聲驚嘆。Hegaveanexclamationofsurprise.exclamationmark（esp.BrE）（AmEusuallyexclamationpoint）感嘆號Justthen,amanhurriedtotheticketoffice.正在這時，一個男子匆匆奔向售票處。Justthen:justatthemoment'CanIreturnthesetwotickets?'heasked.“我可以退掉這兩張票嗎？”他問。returnV.1.[v]~（to…）（from…）tocomeorgobackfromoneplacetoanother回來；回去；返回e.g.（1）你什么時候回到倫敦？WhenareyoureturningtoLondon?（2）你太太什么時候下班回來？Whattimedoesyourwifereturnfromwork?~sb?/sth?（tosb./sth?）tobring,give,putorsendsth.backtosb./sth.帶回；送回；放回；歸還，退還e.g.[vn俄準(zhǔn)備去圖書館還書。I'mgoingtothelibrarytoreturnmybooks.[vn-adj]我原封不動地將信退了回去。Ireturnedtheletterunopened.vi.~（tosth?）tostartdiscussingasubjectyouwerediscussingearlier,ordoinganactivityyouweredoingearlier重提；重新開始做：e.g.他在報告中后來又提到這個話題。Hereturnstothistopiclaterinthereport.醫(yī)生也許會允許她下周回去上班。Thedoctormayallowhertoreturntoworknextweek.vt.todoorgivesth.tosb.becausetheyhavedoneorgiventhesametoyoufirst;tohavethesamefeelingaboutsb.thattheyhaveaboutyou回報；回應(yīng)：e.g.該我們回請他們了。It'stimewereturnedtheirinvitation.他太忙，不能給她回電話。Hewastoobusytoreturnhercall.n.1.[c;u(from,to)]返回，回來；恢復(fù)e.g.我們盼望你從美國回來。WelookforwardtoyourreturnfromAmerica.2.[u]歸還；回報e.g.若能及時將圖書歸還圖書館，我們將不勝感激。Wewouldappreciatethepromptreturnofbookstothelibrary.注：promptadj.1.donewithoutdelay立即；迅速的；及時的2.(人)[notbeforenoun]敏捷的；迅速的；準(zhǔn)時的v.促使；導(dǎo)致；激起'Certainly,'thegirlsaid.“當(dāng)然可以，”那姑娘說。Iwentbacktotheticketofficeatonce.我馬上又回到售票處。atonce固定短語，可譯為“立刻”、“馬上”：e.g.聽到這消息，他立刻就回家了。Whenheheardthenews,hewenthomeatonce.請立刻就來。Pleasecomeatonce.'CouldIhavethosetwoticketsplease?'Iasked.“我可以買那兩張票嗎？”我問。could雖然是can的過去式，但在這里并不表示過去，而是指現(xiàn)在。用could提出請求或建議比can要委婉。'Certainly,'thegirlsaid,'butthey'refornextWednesday'sperformance.Doyoustillwantthem?'“當(dāng)然可以，不過這兩張票是下星期三的，您是否還要呢？”theticketsfornextWednesday'sperformance下周三演出的票所有格表時間e.g.今天的報紙today'snewspaper'Imightaswellhavethem,'Isaidsadly.“我還是買下的好,”我垂頭喪氣地說。mayaswell/mightaswell+do意思是“還是…好，不妨”較勉強，不是非常樂意，不得不選一個。兩者一般可以互換。e.g.-Doyouthinkyou'llpasstheexam?你認為你會通過考試嗎？--I'llneverpass.Imightaswellgiveup.我決不會通過考試的，我還是放棄的好。--Doyouwanttocometothecinemawithme?你想和我一起看電影去嗎？--Ihaven'tgotanythingtodo,soImayaswell/mightaswellcomewithyou.我沒什么事可做，還是和你一塊去吧。aswell也，同樣地。副詞短語，相當(dāng)于too的含義。表示此義時，通常用于句末，間或也可用于主語之后，如：e.g.空氣對動物必不可少，對植物也同樣。Airisnecessaryforanimals,itisnecessaryforplantsaswell.我也要盡可能為你做些什么。IaswellwilldowhatIcanforyou.此外，在具有情態(tài)助動詞may或might的句子中，aswell用于其后，表示“還是…好”之意，如：e.g.既然我們把工作已經(jīng)做了這么多，還是把它做完為好。Wemayaswellfinishthejob,nowwehavegotsofarwithit.sadly['s比dli]adv.unfortunately[,An'fD：tj9nitli]令人遺憾；不幸地e.g.可惜的是，我的時間有限。Sadly,mytimeislimited.不幸的是，結(jié)婚八年后，他們的感情日漸淡漠了。Sadly,aftereightyearsofmarriagetheyhadgrownapart.inasadway悲傷地；傷心地：e.g.她難過地搖搖頭。Sheshookherheadsadly.verymuchandinawaythatmakesyousad極為；苦苦地：e.g.他們原本希望贏的，卻落得個大失所望。Theyhadhopedtowinandweresadlydisappointed.sadadj.(sadder,saddest)~(todosth?)/~(that…)unhappyorshowingunhappiness悲哀的；難過的；顯得悲哀的：e.g.聽說你要走了，我們十分難過。Weareverysadtohearthatyouareleaving.~(todosth?)/~(that…)thatmakesyoufeelunhappy令人悲哀的；讓人難過的：e.g.悲慘的故事；憂傷的詩；悲涼的歌asadstory/poem/song看著他們離去，真讓人難過。Itwassadtoseethemgo.sadden['sadn]v.[oftenpassive](formal)tomakesb.sad使悲傷；使傷心；使難過：e.g.[vn]聽到她的死訊，我們深感悲傷。Weweredeeplysaddenedbythenewsofherdeath.[vnthat]人竟能如此殘忍，這讓她痛心。Itsaddenedherthatpeoplecouldbesocruel.['kru：Bl]sadnessn.1.[u,sing]thefeelingofbeingsad悲傷；悲痛；難過e.g.我感到深深地悲痛。Ifeltadeepsadness.[c,usuallypl.]somethingwhichmakesyousad使人悲傷(或難過)的事：e.g.我們的歡樂和悲傷ourjoysandsadnessesGrammarinusecan/may/must1?can的用法：can(過去式為could)表示體力或腦力方面的能力，意為“有能力”、“能夠”：e.g.你會開車嗎？Canyoudriveacar?吉姆小時候不能跑很快。Jimcouldn'trunveryfastwhenhewasaboy.盲人是不能辨認顏色的。Ablindmancannotjudgecolors.這個劇院能夠容納2500人就座。Thetheatrecanseat2,500people.表示客觀可能性e.g.她不會是認真的。Shecan'tbeserious.他會在什么地方呢？Wherecanhebe?破鐘絕不悅耳。(一個裂了的鐘是不可能發(fā)出好聽的聲音的)Acrackedbellcanneversoundwell.注:can加動詞的進行時態(tài)，也可表示“可能”。如：e.g.他一直會是在干什么呢？Whatcanhebedoingallthistime?她現(xiàn)在不可能在打網(wǎng)球。Shecannotbeplayingtennisnow.表示允許(和may相近)(在日常會話中，can可代替may表示“允許”，may比較正式)e.g.我可以進來嗎？CanIcomein?(英)MayIcomein?(美)這樣的事情不能再繼續(xù)下去了。Thissortofthingcannotgoon.-我可以用你的自行車嗎？CanIuseyourbike?-當(dāng)然可以。Ofcourse,youcan.我要走了，你坐我的座位吧。Youcanhavemyseat,I'mgoingnow.can還可以表示驚異，懷疑，不相信等態(tài)度(主要用于否定句，疑問句，驚嘆句)e.g.不，不，這不可能是真的。No,no,thiscan'tbeture..這能夠是不給他們幫助的理由嗎？Canthisbeanexcusefornotgivingthemhelp?(excuse[ik'skju:s]n.~(forsth./fordoingsth.)借口；理由；辯解)你怎么能這么粗心呢？Howcanyoubesocareless!can(could)用于否定或疑問句中后面跟動詞原形的完成式時，表示對過去發(fā)生事件的“可能性”。而could較can更加表示說話人的“不肯定的”語氣。如：e.g.他會是走了嗎？Canhehaveleftalready?她會把我的地址忘記了嗎？Couldshehaveforgottenmyaddress?不可能是亨利，他已經(jīng)去工廠了。Itcouldn'thavebeenHenry.Hehasgonetothefactory.瑪麗經(jīng)過我身邊沒有說話，她一定是沒有看到我。Marywalkedpastmewithoutspeaking.Shecan'thaveseenme.注：can只有現(xiàn)在式can和過去式could兩種形式，能表示一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時兩種時態(tài)，有時也能表示將來。所有其他時態(tài)（包括將來）須用beable加動詞不定式來表示。e.g.有他們的協(xié)助，我們將會在幾天之內(nèi)完成這項工作。Withtheirhelp,weshallbeabletofinishtheworkinafewdays.他們沒有能到北京來。TheyhavenotbeenabletocometoBeijing.約翰遜先生剛來電話，說今天晚上他來不了。（comeoverto—（尤指到人家中）短暫造訪，順便來訪）Mr.Johnsonrangupjustnowtosaythathewon'tbeabletocomeoverthisevening.may的用法may過去式是might1）表示“允許”或“請求”，詢問或說明一件事可不可做e.g.我能打擾一下問你一個問題嗎？MayItroubleyouwithaquestion?要是你愿意的話，你可以坐這個座位。Youmaytakethisseatifyoulike.你現(xiàn)在可以走了。Youmaygonow.我可以進來嗎？MayIcomein?2）表示一件事或許會發(fā)生（或是某種情況可能會存在）e.g.一個傻瓜也能給一個聰明人一些勸告。（諺）Afoolmaygiveawisemancounsel.（counsel[kaunsl]n.[u,c]（formal）勸告，忠告，建議）他可能已經(jīng)訂婚了。Hemaybeengagednow.（engagedadj.~（tosb.）已訂婚）她今天可能不在那兒。Shemaynotbetheretoday.注：在否定句中一般不用maynot，常用can't表示“不可能”。例如：Hecan'tbeathometonight.今晚他不可能在家。3）在表目的或讓步狀語從句中構(gòu)成謂語e.g.Writetohimatoncesothathemayknowintime.（目的狀語從句）趕快給他寫信那么就能及時知道了。Comewhatmay,we'llalwaysstandtogether.（讓步狀語從句）不管發(fā)生什么事，我們永遠站在一起。4）may還可用在感嘆句中來表示希望、祈求、祝愿，?？勺g為“祝愿”。如:e.g.希望那天快點到來。Maythatdaycomesoon.祝愿你們能夠成功地建設(shè)一個強大而且繁榮的國家。Mayyousucceedinbuildingupastrongandprosperouscountry.Mayyouhaveagoodtime.祝你過得愉快。Mayyoubehappy！祝你幸福！5）may（might）后加動詞的完成式表示對過去的推測，認為某一事情在過去“可能”發(fā)生。這里may和might都指過去，不過might較為含蓄委婉或更加不肯定（常用于肯定結(jié)構(gòu)）。如:e.g.它可能被偷走了。Itmayhavebeenstolen.可能已經(jīng)開始了。Itmayhavebegunalready.她也許沒趕上飛機。Shemay（might）havemissedtheplane.注：might+havedone,可說明某一事情在過去沒有實現(xiàn)并含有“勸告”甚至“責(zé)備”的意思。如:e.g.你本來可以早點告訴我的。Youmighthavetoldmeearlier.你本來可以多加小心。Youmighthavebeenmorecareful.must的用法1）